轧机万向接轴铜滑块的铸造

介绍轧机万向接轴铜滑块的铸造生产工艺。实践证明 ,本工艺方案铸造的铜滑块质量完全合格     

Changes in carotenoid intake in the United States: the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys

OBJECTIVES: To assess the changes in carotenoid intake between 1987 and 1992 among US adults by sociodemographic characteristics and high-risk groups for chronic disease; and to identify the dietary sources of specific carotenoid intake. DESIGN: A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was collected from a representative sample of respondents to the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys throughout two calendar quarters. Black and white adults, 18 to 69 years old, participated in 1987 (n = 8,161) and 1992 (n = 8,341). METHOD: FFQ data were matched and linked to the US Department of Agriculture-National Cancer Institute carotenoid food composition database for analysis. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mean differences in carotenoid intake over time were compared by sociodemographic characteristics and region of the country, after adjustment for sampling weights in a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS: Mean intake of the carotenoid lutein declined among white women (18%), among adults aged 40 to 69 years (16%), among persons with 9 to 12 years of education (11%), among nondrinkers (18%), among drinkers of 1 to 6 alcoholic drinks/ week (7%), among smokers (former smokers by 11%, current smokers by 7%, and never smokers by 9%), among income groups (< $20,000 by 7%, > or = $20,000 by 9%), and residents in the south and northeast (by 13% each, respectively). Mean intake of the carotenoid lycopene increased among white men (9%), among adults aged 18 to 39 years and aged 40 to 69 years (by 5% and 6%, respectively), among those with 13 years of education or more (12.5%), among alcohol drinkers (by 10% and 7% for 1 to 6 vs 7 or more drinks/week, respectively), among former and current smokers (by 6% each), among those with incomes > or = $20,000 (8%), and among residents in the west (16%) and midwest (5%). All differences described were statistically significant (P < .01). APPLICATION: The decline in lutein intake (from dark green leafy vegetables), particularly in white women, may have public health implications as a result of the recognized inverse association between carotenoid intake and disease risk.     

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on infarct collagen deposition and remodelling during healing after transmural canine myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition for six weeks after myocardial infarction (MI) lowers the collagen content of infarct scars in dogs. However, temporal changes in collagen content of the infarct zone (IZ) with ACE inhibition during healing over six weeks after MI and their possible relation to IZ remodelling have not been determined. METHODS: IZ collagen (hydroxyproline) was measured over six to seven weeks in dogs treated with captopril (50 mg bid), enalapril (2.5 mg bid) or placebo, beginning on the second day following transmural anterior MI (or sham). In vivo changes in IZ and global left ventricular (LV) remodelling, mass and function (echocardiograms) and hemodynamics among six-week survivors were also measured. RESULTS: Compared with placebo, both inhibitors decreased IZ collagen (P < 0.001) over the seven weeks. Among the six-week survivors, both inhibitors lowered IZ collagen (P < or = 0.001) and increased the collagen type I:III ratio. However, preload was lower, increase in diastolic volume and mass were less and systolic function improved. Although the doses of captopril (but no enalapril) decreased afterload, inhibition of IZ collagen was less, IZ bulging and global LV dilation were less and systolic function was better with captopril than with enalapril. In all three MI groups, deaths over the seven weeks correlated with greater infarct size, LV volume and dysfunction and lower IZ collagen. CONCLUSIONS: ACE inhibition suppresses the temporal increase in IZ collagen and attenuates IZ expansion, thinning and bulging, and LV enlargement and aneurysm formation during healing after MI.     

三维绕障定向井设计方法

随着油气田加密井的不断增加，加密定向井的设计变得越来越困难。为此，针对密井网的特点，通过对密井网障碍井空间位置和空间形态的描述，经过坐标转换，建立了适合于密井网三维绕障定向井设计的双图设计法设计模型。该方法的特点是将垂直剖面图和障碍水平投影图联合使用，分别研究出障碍物的区间和可行域范围。同时充分考虑了障碍物的数量、形状及位置，可绕多障、复杂形状的井，具有一定的通用性。根据以上方法，应用Delphi语言和OpenGL编写了软件，对绕障定向井进行了实际计算，设计效果良好。     

人才强市是矿城转型的战略性决策——以铜城白银市为例

本文在对矿业城市白银的人才进行分析的基础上,剖析了其存在的一些问题和导致这些问题产生的主要原因,其中重点提到人才分布不合理,结构性矛盾比较突出,高层次人才匮乏,并提出了相应对策建议。     

液相欠平衡钻井合理欠压值设计方法

液相欠平衡钻井井底欠压值的确立和控制直接决定着钻井的成败。目前钻井行业井底欠压值确立方法一般基于现场经验,误差较大,在现场应用时,其控制调节缺乏理论依据。欠压值过大,易导致井壁失稳,出现井控风险及速敏、应力敏感等储层伤害问题;欠压值过小,易导致钻井液进入储层,无法实现有效保护储层及提高机械钻速的目的。为此,利用井眼力学稳定及井控风险分析确定欠压值上限,利用储层毛细管力确立欠压值下限,建立液相欠平衡钻井合理欠压值设计新方法,并结合塔里木盆地塔北地区X井现场数据进行分析优化。结果表明,此欠压值设计新方法能够为欠平衡钻井现场设计提供理论指导,避免了单纯依靠经验值确立欠平衡钻井欠压值导致的钻井事故或储层保护效果不好等问题。     

聚氨酯泡沫改性、表征及油品吸附性能研究

本文对闭孔聚氨酯泡沫（PU）进行碱处理得到改性聚氨酯泡沫（PU^＊）,所得泡沫呈大孔三维立体网状结构,孔径达380μm且开孔率高达99％,其表面结构具有疏水亲油性。有机溶剂吸附实验表明,PU^＊对测试密度为0·7～1．1g／cm^3的有机溶剂其饱和吸附量为22-35g／g,该值随有机溶剂的密度增加饱和吸附量增大。采用挤压法可有效去除吸附有机物以达到PU^＊循环利用的目的。循环使用10次后结果表明,PU^＊对有机溶剂的脱附效率仍高于97％。     

应用~(210)Pb的南海黑角珊瑚定年

通过高分辨低本底的α能谱检测技术对采自南海西沙群岛(JYI-1、JYI-2)和鹿回头半岛(LHT)三株黑角珊瑚骨骼中的210Pb进行了测定,利用过剩210Pb比活度在珊瑚横截面的径向分布规律,对黑角珊瑚进行年代学研究。结果表明,210Pb在珊瑚骨骼中的比活度随径向呈指数衰减,各样品中210 Pb的比活度范围分别为10.28~73.41mBq/g(JYI-1),1.50~4.72mBq/g(JYI-2)和5.35~12.67mBq/g(LHT)。这些黑角珊瑚物种都表现出了生长缓慢、生长周期长的特性。它们持续生长了约185~267a,年生长率介于17.8~26.5μm/a。而且,年生长率在不同种属、不同区域的样品间有明显区别,生长速率的顺序为:西沙(JYI-2)西沙(JYI-1)鹿回头(LHT)。放射性核素210Pb对南海黑角珊瑚定年结果与生长环计数的定年结果基本一致。这种黑角珊瑚定年方法可以为其在百年尺度上研究气候环境的演变和重建提供基础数据。