An enhanced data-driven polynomial chaos method for uncertainty propagation

As a novel type of polynomial chaos expansion (PCE), the data-driven PCE (DD-PCE) approach has been developed to have a wide range of potential applications for uncertainty propagation. While the research on DD-PCE is still ongoing, its merits compared with the existing PCE approaches have yet to be understood and explored, and its limitations also need to be addressed. In this article, the Galerkin projection technique in conjunction with the moment-matching equations is employed in DD-PCE for higher-dimensional uncertainty propagation. The enhanced DD-PCE method is then compared with current PCE methods to fully investigate its relative merits through four numerical examples considering different cases of information for random inputs. It is found that the proposed method could improve the accuracy, or in some cases leads to comparable results, demonstrating its effectiveness and advantages. Its application in dealing with a Mars entry trajectory optimization problem further verifies its effectiveness.     

Oscillation Transition Routes of Buoyant-Thermocapillary Convection in Annular Liquid Layers

There are various oscillation transition routes of buoyant-thermocapillary convection in an annular liquid layer. Three types of transition routes including quasi-periodic bifurcation, period-doubling bifurcation and tangent bifurcation have been observed. In our ground experiments, the depth of liquid layer is in a range of 1.6–2.4 mm. The silicone oil with Prandtl number of 28.6 is selected as the liquid medium. The temperature oscillation is detected by a single-point temperature measuring system and the surface oscillation is measured by a laser displacement-sensor with high resolution. The step-heating mode is adopted in the experiments. Transition routes of temperature oscillation and surface oscillation are studied systematically, and the relationship between them is discussed, too.     

Specific Oxygenated Groups Enriched Graphene Quantum Dots as Highly Efficient Enzyme Mimics

Significant progress is achieved for the utilization of graphene quantum dots as enzyme mimics in various biomedical fields recently. Although promising, the biocatalytic performance is far from satisfactory. Here, the rational design and synthesis of specific oxygenated groups enriched graphene quantum dots (o‐GQDs) via a facile oxidation reflux route is reported. These well‐prepared o‐GQDs with uniform size exhibit an ultrahigh peroxidase‐like activity in a wide range of pH values, and their superior performance is verified by using glucose detection as a typical model. Compared with classical nanozymes, these o‐GQDs show multiple times higher enzymatic activity. It is believed that the super facile synthesis strategy can greatly facilitate the practical use of o‐GQDs as enzyme mimics in the future.     

Corrosion behaviors of cold rolling automotive sheets coated with anti- rust oil

To investigate the corrosion performance of commercial automotive cold rolling sheets under severe atmospheric environment, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to detect the electrochemical behaviors of three types of cold rolling sheets and a humid- temper test was carried out to explore the corrosion behavior under shipping and storage environments. Meanwhile, the effects of surface status and micro- structure of the sheets on the corrosion behaviors were analyzed based upon the results of profile measurements, contact angle tests and metallographic analysis.The results show that with the same load of anti- rust oil, 590DP steel presents the largest electric resistance of oil film and charge transfer resistance, and the longest incubation period of rust under storage environment. All these good properties could be assigned to the surface profile of the steel. However, the generation rate rust turns to be faster later on, which can be attributed to its dual- phase microstructure. In sum, the surface wetting status of different types of sheets are almost the same, which has no significant effect on the corrosion performance of the steels. Comparatively, surface profile of the steels plays an important role during the initial stage of corrosion, and the difference in microstructure has a more remarkable influence on the development stage of corrosion.     

压水堆核电厂液态流出物排放量统计方法研究

本文主要针对压水堆核电厂液态流出物排放的除³H和¹⁴C外的其余核素,从监测核素的种类、核素的探测限,以及小于探测限测量结果的统计等方面,比较分析我国与欧美国家的取样监测和统计要求,提出合理可行的改进建议,以更好反映我国运行压水堆核电厂液态流出物的排放现状。     

CZT探测器测量α谱模拟研究

利用MC法研究碲锌镉探测器测量α谱的可行性。模拟计算了碲锌镉灵敏体厚度和面积、电极材料和厚度以及真空度对探测效率的影响,选择探测器最佳设计方案。并搭建了一套基于碲锌镉探测器的α谱测量系统,实验结果与模拟结果吻合。     

核安全审评中对某核电厂稳压器的模态分析

以稳压器模态分析校核为例,校核设计者的计算结果,为核安全审评提供依据。使用3种ANSYS单元对稳压器进行模态分析,比较结果的差异并作出总结。     

影响CaCl2-NaCl熔盐电脱氧法制备金属Zr的工艺条件

将氧化物转化为金属是熔盐电解精炼干法后处理氧化物乏燃料流程的关键步骤之一。在等摩尔CaCl₂-NaCl混合熔盐体系中,以石墨棒为阳极,采用高温烧结后的ZrO₂模拟UO₂开展了电脱氧制备金属Zr的FFC剑桥工艺条件优化。研究了工艺条件（槽电压、电解时间、烧结温度和电解温度等）对电脱氧制备Zr的影响。采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分别分析了电解前后ZrO₂阴极的微观结构和物相组成。优化后的工艺条件为：电压3.4 V、电解时间12 h、烧结温度900 ℃和电解温度722 ℃。同时,研究结果表明, ZrO₂电脱氧还原为Zr时,存在中间产物CaZrO₃和ZrO。     

Churchill-Chu关系式在极薄金属层内传热的适用性研究

在假设的堆芯融毁事故中,反应堆压力容器的下封头内可能会形成分层的熔池结构。底部重金属层的形成会导致熔池顶部的金属层高度逐渐降低,使得顶部金属层的侧壁热聚焦效应逐渐增强,压力容器有可能会失效。本文通过开展HELM?LR试验,针对薄金属层在低高度条件下的传热进行了研究。结果表明,Churchill?Chu径向传热关系式在低高度的条件下依然适用。Churchill?Chu关系式在低高径比且以水为工质的条件下,计算结果偏不保守。将Churchill?Chu关系式运用到反应堆的熔池结构案例中发现,随着氧化物层衰变功率的增大和薄金属层高度的降低,氧化物层的等温边界假设将不再适用;虽然薄金属层侧壁的热聚焦效应仍会随其高度的降低而逐渐增强,但增加速度变缓慢。