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31.
Multifaith buildings have become common in Europe, North America, and much of the world, but they have yet to receive sufficient scholarly attention in the history of religious ideas, or in the theory of material religion. This paper begins to address this lacuna by the consideration of an early, but little known, multifaith chapel donated to Somerville College Oxford in the 1930s, which is unique within Oxford University. Its history, architecture, and artworks give valuable insights into the religious, intellectual, and cultural roots of what would subsequently become a global norm. The chapel can be seen as both a manifestation of the aspirations of liberal Christianity in the interwar years, including the advancement of women and ecumenism, and of the contestation of the role of religion in higher education among elites in the same period. Examining the case of Somerville chapel contributes to the theory of religion by considering how unbelief and multifaith ideas may be attempted to be materially expressed, and how this physical presence subsequently may impact on institutions and people through ongoing contestation, and negotiated use. 相似文献
32.
Fiona J. Stevens McFadden Barry J. Welch Pual C. Austin 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2006,58(2):42-47
This paper investigates the application of multivariable model-based control to improve the regulatory control of electrolyte
temperature, aluminum fluoride concentration, liquidus temperature, superheat, and electrolyte height. Also examined are therappropriateness
of different control structures and the possible inclusion of recently developed sensors for alumina concentration and individual
cell duct flowrate, temperature, and heat loss. For the smelter in this study, the maximum improvement possible with a multivariable
model-based controller is predicted to be 30–40% reduction in standard deviation in electrolyte temperature, aluminum fluoride
concentration, liquidus temperature, and superheat, and around half this for electrolyte height. Three control structures
were found to be appropriate; all are different than the existing control structure, which was found to be suboptimal. Linear
Quadratic Gaussian controllers were designed for each control structure and their predicted performance compared.
Comalco Research. 相似文献
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Accounting for wheel–terrain interaction is crucial for navigation and traction control of mobile robots in outdoor environments and rough terrains. Wheel slip is one of the surface hazards that needs to be detected to mitigate against the risk of losing the robot's controllability or mission failure occurring. The open problems in the Terramechanics field addressed are (1) the need for in situ wheel-slippage estimation in harsh environments using low-cost/power and easy to integrate sensors, and (2) removing the need for prior information of the soil, which is not always available. This paper presents a novel slip estimation method that utilizes only two proprioceptive sensors (IMU and wheel encoder) to estimate the wheel slip using deep learning methods. It is experimentally shown to be real-world feasible in outdoor, uneven terrains without prior soil information assumptions. Comparison with previously used machine learning algorithms for continuous and discrete slip estimation problems show more than 9% and 14% improvement in estimation performance, respectively. 相似文献
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This paper describes the inadequacies in the provision for water, sanitation and solid waste collection in nine cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America and discusses the main explanatory factors. These include the quality and capacity of each city's local government, and the nature of its relationship with citizen groups and non-governmental organizations within the city and with governments at provincial/state or national level. The paper highlights the many political constraints on ensuring healthier living and working environments for lower-income groups, including those rooted in local government structures and perceptions, as well as those related to low per capita incomes and poor economic performance. 相似文献
38.
A lead isotopic study of the human bioaccessibility of lead in urban soils from Glasgow, Scotland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Farmer JG Broadway A Cave MR Wragg J Fordyce FM Graham MC Ngwenya BT Bewley RJ 《The Science of the total environment》2011,409(23):4958-4965
The human bioaccessibility of lead (Pb) in Pb-contaminated soils from the Glasgow area was determined by the Unified Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe (BARGE) Method (UBM), an in vitro physiologically based extraction scheme that mimics the chemical environment of the human gastrointestinal system and contains both stomach and intestine compartments. For 27 soils ranging in total Pb concentration from 126 to 2160 mg kg− 1 (median 539 mg kg− 1), bioaccessibility as determined by the ‘stomach’ simulation (pH ~ 1.5) was 46-1580 mg kg− 1, equivalent to 23-77% (mean 52%) of soil total Pb concentration. The corresponding bioaccessibility data for the ‘stomach + intestine’ simulation (pH ~ 6.3) were 6-623 mg kg− 1 and 2-42% (mean 22%) of soil Pb concentration. The soil 206Pb/207Pb ratios ranged from 1.057 to 1.175. Three-isotope plots of 208Pb/206Pb against 206Pb/207Pb demonstrated that 206Pb/207Pb ratios were intermediate between values for source end-member extremes of imported Australian Pb ore (1.04) - used in the manufacture of alkyl Pb compounds (1.06-1.10) formerly added to petrol - and indigenous Pb ores/coal (1.17-1.19). The 206Pb/207Pb ratios of the UBM ‘stomach’ extracts were similar (< 0.01 difference) to those of the soil for 26 of the 27 samples (r = 0.993, p < 0.001) and lower in 24 of them. A slight preference for lower 206Pb/207Pb ratio was discernible in the UBM. However, the source of Pb appeared to be less important in determining the extent of UBM-bioaccessible Pb than the overall soil total Pb concentration and the soil phases with which the Pb was associated. The significant phases identified in a subset of samples were carbonates, manganese oxides, iron-aluminium oxyhydroxides and clays. 相似文献
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Fiona C. Meldrum Cedrick O'Shaughnessy 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(31):2001068
Many crystallization processes of great importance, including frost heave, biomineralization, the synthesis of nanomaterials, and scale formation, occur in small volumes rather than bulk solution. Here, the influence of confinement on crystallization processes is described, drawing together information from fields as diverse as bioinspired mineralization, templating, pharmaceuticals, colloidal crystallization, and geochemistry. Experiments are principally conducted within confining systems that offer well-defined environments, varying from droplets in microfluidic devices, to cylindrical pores in filtration membranes, to nanoporous glasses and carbon nanotubes. Dramatic effects are observed, including a stabilization of metastable polymorphs, a depression of freezing points, and the formation of crystals with preferred orientations, modified morphologies, and even structures not seen in bulk. Confinement is also shown to influence crystallization processes over length scales ranging from the atomic to hundreds of micrometers, and to originate from a wide range of mechanisms. The development of an enhanced understanding of the influence of confinement on crystal nucleation and growth will not only provide superior insight into crystallization processes in many real-world environments, but will also enable this phenomenon to be used to control crystallization in applications including nanomaterial synthesis, heavy metal remediation, and the prevention of weathering. 相似文献
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