Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein Gene-Ablation Exacerbates Weight Gain in High-Fat Fed Female Mice

Loss of liver fatty acid binding protein (L‐FABP) decreases long chain fatty acid uptake and oxidation in primary hepatocytes and in vivo. On this basis, L‐FABP gene ablation would potentiate high‐fat diet‐induced weight gain and weight gain/energy intake. While this was indeed the case when L‐FABP null (?/?) mice on the C57BL/6NCr background were pair‐fed a high‐fat diet, whether this would also be observed under high‐fat diet fed ad libitum was not known. Therefore, this possibility was examined in female L‐FABP (?/?) mice on the same background. L‐FABP (?/?) mice consumed equal amounts of defined high‐fat or isocaloric control diets fed ad libitum. However, on the ad libitum‐fed high‐fat diet the L‐FABP (?/?) mice exhibited: (1) decreased hepatic long chain fatty acid (LCFA) β‐oxidation as indicated by lower serum β‐hydroxybutyrate level; (2) decreased hepatic protein levels of key enzymes mitochondrial (rate limiting carnitine palmitoyl acyltransferase A1, CPT1A; HMG‐CoA synthase) and peroxisomal (acyl CoA oxidase 1, ACOX1) LCFA β‐oxidation; (3) increased fat tissue mass (FTM) and FTM/energy intake to the greatest extent; and (4) exacerbated body weight gain, weight gain/energy intake, liver weight, and liver weight/body weight to the greatest extent. Taken together, these findings showed that L‐FABP gene‐ablation exacerbated diet‐induced weight gain and fat tissue mass gain in mice fed high‐fat diet ad libitum—consistent with the known biochemistry and cell biology of L‐FABP.     

Evaluation of modified adaptive k-means segmentation algorithm

Computational Visual Media - Segmentation is the act of partitioning an image into different regions by creating boundaries between regions. k-means image segmentation is the simplest prevalent...     

Tragverhalten von Stahlbetonbalken bei geneigter Querkraft

Bearing Behaviour of RC Beams Subjected to Biaxial Shear Forces The shear bearing behaviour of RC beams is still subject of expert's discussion and intensive research. Most investigations focus on uniaxial loading conditions parallel to one principal axis. More recently, biaxial shear – leading to inclined shear forces – was theoretically considered and integrated into new design concepts. However, its experimental basis is rather limited. Thus, extensive biaxial shear tests are carried out and analysed. Their main findings are presented in the paper. The design concept is elaborated to introduce inclination effects into all partitions of the resistances provided by the tensile and the compressive shear struts. Designs become more precise and more economic.