采用单独碳化室压力调节系统减少焦炉排放

PROven(R)系统的开发为了减少焦炉的排放,过去已进行了多种技术的开发.但是从焦炉炉门、装料孔边缘等处逸散物的减少,已受到工艺技术的制约.一个基本的制约因素是,在集气总管内的压力和联接到总管的所有碳化室内的压力之间有着密不可分的关系.     

Non-linear diode ladder network

The analysis and synthesis are presented of a non-linear ladder network with diodes incorporated in the series branches. An explicit form of solution is proposed and then applied to the synthesis of piecewise-linear characteristics. An illustrative example is given.     

High performance injectorless quantum-cascade lasers

Injectorless quantum-cascade (QC) lasers, for the first time comparable to conventional QC lasers, are presented. The samples are based on InP and the active region is designed as a four-level staircase, realised in the strain-compensated material system Ga/sub 0.4/In/sub 0.6/As/Al/sub 0.56/In/sub 0.44/As. Low threshold current densities and a maximum operating temperature of 350 K have been achieved, due to an optimised design. At 77 K the wavelength is about 10 /spl mu/m, while threshold current densities of 0.9 kA/cm/sup 2/ have been observed, which compare well with those of conventional QC lasers in this wavelength region.     

The flavour of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.)

European Food Research and Technology - The volatile constituents of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) were characterized using liquid/liquid extraction and fractionation of the flavour...     

Low-threshold room-temperature operation of injectorless quantum-cascade lasers: influence of doping density

The influence of the doping density in the active sections of InP-based injectorless quantum cascade lasers, emitting at 6.8 mum, is investigated. The doping sheet density is varied in the range 2.5-8.6times10¹⁰ cm^-2. Lasing is observed in the whole range, with a threshold current density as low as 1.2 kA/cm² at 300 K for the smallest doping sheet density of 2.5times10 ¹⁰ cm^-2. Further improvement has been made by additionally increasing the number of periods in the active region from 40 to 60. With the same doping level of 2.5times10¹⁰ cm^-2 record low threshold current densities of 0.73 kA/cm² at 300 K were achieved     

Multi-Agent Radio Resource Allocation

This paper presents a spatially distributed and dynamic billing, pricing and allocation mechanism for which a user terminal requires Cognitive Radio abilities. That is, the Cognitive Radio abilities will be applied to the economical environment. The radio resource goods are allocated to the users by a multi-unit sealed-bid auction. Intelligent entities like the bidding strategy have to represent operator’s and users’ behavior and to make decisions for them in order to fulfill the preferences and QoS. The main functionalities, used to execute the dynamic auction sequence and located in the MAC are described, assuming the entities possess Cognitive Radio abilities.

A comparison of noninvasive reconstruction of epicardial versus transmembrane potentials in consideration of the null space

We compare two source formulations for the electrocardiographic forward problem in consideration of their implications for regularizing the ill-posed inverse problem. The established epicardial potential source model is compared with a bidomain-theory-based transmembrane potential source formulation. The epicardial source approach is extended to the whole heart surface including the endocardial surfaces. We introduce the concept of the numerical null and signal space to draw attention to the problems associated with the nonuniqueness of the inverse solution and show that reconstruction of null-space components is an important issue for physiologically meaningful inverse solutions. Both formulations were tested with simulated data generated with an anisotropic heart model and with clinically measured data of two patients. A linear and a recently proposed quasi-linear inverse algorithm were applied for reconstructions of the epicardial and transmembrane potential, respectively. A direct comparison of both formulations was performed in terms of computed activation times. We found the transmembrane potential-based formulation is a more promising source formulation as stronger regularization by incorporation of biophysical a priori information is permitted.     

Modelling and prediction of phyto- and zooplankton dynamics in Lake Kasumigaura by artificial neural networks

An artificial neural network model was developed for Lake Kasumigaura to predict timing and magnitudes for chlorophyll a, five species of blue-green algae and three zooplankton groups. The model was trained by 8 years of limnological time series and validated by two independent years. The validation showed the potential of neural networks as predictive tools for highly non-linear phenomena such as blue-green algal blooms in freshwater lakes.     

Phthalocyanine‐Based 2D Conjugated Metal‐Organic Framework Nanosheets for High‐Performance Micro‐Supercapacitors

2D conjugated metal‐organic frameworks (2D c‐MOFs) are emerging as a novel class of conductive redox‐active materials for electrochemical energy storage. However, developing 2D c‐MOFs as flexible thin‐film electrodes have been largely limited, due to the lack of capability of solution‐processing and integration into nanodevices arising from the rigid powder samples by solvothermal synthesis. Here, the synthesis of phthalocyanine‐based 2D c‐MOF (Ni₂[CuPc(NH)₈]) nanosheets through ball milling mechanical exfoliation method are reported. The nanosheets feature with average lateral size of ≈160 nm and mean thickness of ≈7 nm (≈10 layers), and exhibit high crystallinity and chemical stability as well as a p‐type semiconducting behavior with mobility of ≈1.5 cm² V^?1 s^?1 at room temperature. Benefiting from the ultrathin feature, the nanosheets allow high utilization of active sites and facile solution‐processability. Thus, micro‐supercapacitor (MSC) devices are fabricated mixing Ni₂[CuPc(NH)₈] nanosheets with exfoliated graphene, which display outstanding cycling stability and a high areal capacitance up to 18.9 mF cm^?2; the performance surpasses most of the reported conducting polymers‐based and 2D materials‐based MSCs.