Dynamically modulated intensity interrogation scheme using waveguide coupled surface plasmon resonance sensors

An electro-optically modulated intensity interrogation method based on tunable waveguide coupled surface plasmon resonance sensors has been proposed. It has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that the proposed scheme can enable sensitive measurement of measurand variations. By modulating the refractive index in the waveguide layer, this interrogation method yields modulated signal whose amplitude is related to measurand's refractive index. This amplitude modulated signal offers a higher signal to noise ratio and eliminates additive noise in the sensor system. A preliminary investigation using saline buffers with different NaCl concentrations shows a resolution of 2.3 × 10^?6 refractive index unit by our approach. Resolution can be controlled by the amplitude of the applied modulation voltage and can be further enhanced by optimizing the device structure or improving the electro-optical (E-O) coefficient of the E-O material. This approach is simple, stable, and promising for low-cost or multi-channel SPR biosensor applications.     

Multi-scale object-based measurement of arid plant community structure

The measurement of plant community structure provides an extensive understanding of its function, succession and ecological process. The detection of plant community boundary is rather a challenge despite in situ work. Recent advances in object-based image analysis (OBIA) and machine learning algorithms offer new opportunities to address this challenge. This study presents a multi-scale segmentation approach to accurately identify the boundaries of each vegetation and plant community for mapping plant community structure. Initially, a very high resolution (VHR) Worldview-2 image of a desert area is hierarchically segmented from scale parameter 2 to 500. Afterward, the peak values of the standard deviation of brightness and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) across the segmentation scales are detected to determine the optimal segmentation scales of homogeneous single plant and plant community boundaries. A multi-scale classification of vegetation characterization with features of multiple bands, NDVI, grey-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) entropy and shape index is performed to identify dryland vegetation types. Finally, the four vegetation structural features on the type, diversity, object size and shape are calculated within the plant community boundaries and composed to plant community structure categories. Comparing the results with the object fitting index (FI) of the reference data, the validation indicates that the optimal segmentations of tree, shrub and plant communities are consistent with the identified peak values.     

丹佛斯MCO305标记同步控制在印铁机上的应用

丹佛斯FC300高性能驱动器加上新一代MCO305高速运动专用控制器,可实现标记同步控制功能。本文就丹佛斯MCO305标记同步控制功能在印铁机上的应用加以详细论述。     

三角片离散法实现数控铣床加工仿真

三角片离散法是根据三轴数控铣床加工中的特点提出的加工仿真方法。文中结合笔者在微机上制作仿真软件的经验,使用三角片离散法实现数控铣床加工仿真;并详细地介绍了三角片离散法的原理、简化模型、计算方法以及提高效率的途径。该方法简单易行,而且有很好的真实感效果。     

门在我国家具造型中的应用及发展

我国传统家具之所以能够成为一个世界优秀的种类,与外来文化的吸收融合密不可分。在历史上佛教曾对我国家具产生过巨大的影响。本文从"门"这个独特的角度研究我国传统家具在结构、式样上的发展演变过程。     

Triangular element partition method with consideration of crack tip

In fracture simulation,how to model the pre-existing cracks and simulate their propagation without remeshing is an important topic.The newly developed triangular element partition method(TEPM)provides an efficient approach to this problem.It firstly meshes the cracked body regardless of the geometry integrity of the interesting object with triangular elements.After the meshing procedure is completed,some elements are intersected by cracks.For the element intersected by a crack,the TEPM takes the element partition technique to incorporate the discontinuity into the numerical model without any interpolation enrichment.By this approach,the TEPM can simulate fracture without mesh modification.In the TEPM,all the cracked elements are treated as the usual partitioned elements in which the crack runs through.The virtual node pairs(the intersection points of crack faces and elements)at the opposite faces of the crack move independently.Their displacements are respectively determined by their neighbor real nodes(nodes formatted in the original mesh scheme)at the same side of the crack.However,among these cracked elements,the element containing a crack tip,referred to as the crack tip element thereafter,behaves differently from those cut through by the crack.Its influence on the singular field at the vicinity of the fracture tip becomes increasingly significant with the element size increasing.In the crack tip element,the virtual node pair at the crack tip move consistently before fracture occurs while the virtual node pair separate and each virtual node moves independently after the fracture propagates.Accordingly,the crack tip element is automatically transformed into the usual partitioned element.In the present paper,the crack tip element is introduced into the TEPM to account for the effect of the crack tip.Validation examples indicate that the present method is almost free from the element size effect.It can reach the same precision as the conventional finite element method under the same meshing scheme.But the TEPM is much more efficient and convenient than the conventional finite element method because the TEPM avoids the troubles that the conventional finite element method suffers,e.g.,the meshing problem of cracked body,modification of mesh scheme,etc.Though the extended finite element method can also avoid these troubles,it introduces extra degrees of freedom due to node interpolation enrichment.Due to the simplicity of the present TEPM,it is believed that its perspective should be highly inspiring.     

中韩两国大学英语水平考试之比较

介绍并比较了中韩两国大学英语水平考试内容,指出中韩两国在大学英语水平考试方面相似的地方是都侧重对受试者听力和阅读能力的考查,不同之处在于韩国英语水平考试设有口语考试这一部分,且试题类型多样化.韩国英语水平考试有2点值得借鉴:一是口语测试的必要性,二是成绩报告的科学性.     

Performance of Sewage Sludge Treatment and Electricity Generation by Different Configuration Microbial Fuel Cells

This paper compared the degradation efficiency of sludge organic matters and electric-production by two typical microbial fuel cells——dual-chamber microbial fuel cell(DMFC)and single chamber air cathode microbial fuel cell(SAMFC),and the variations of sludge protein,polysaccharide and ammonia nitrogen within the systems were also investigated.The results showed that the concentration of sludge soluble chemical oxygen demand,protein and carbohydrate of DMFC are higher than these of SAMFC during the systems operation,while DMFC can achieve a better ammonia nitrogen removal than SAMFC.Under the same operation condition,the stable voltage output of DMFC and SAMFC is 0.61 V and 0.37 V;the maximum power density of DMFC and SAMFC is 2.79 W/m3and 1.25 W/m3;TCOD removal efficiency of DMFC and SAMFC is 34.14%and 28.63%for 12 d,respectively.Meanwhile,DMFC has a higher coulomb efficiency than SAMFC,but both are less than5%.The results showed that DMFC present a better performance on sludge degradation and electric-production.     

三弧段型面联接的数控加工

论述了三弧段型面曲线的形成及其曲线参数方程,编制了三弧段型面的数控加工宏程序,适用于各种不同参数的三弧段型面的加工,且能够满足加工精度的要求。     

城市污水回用于电站锅炉补给水的动态模拟试验研究

用经深度处理后再经二级除盐系统处理的城市污水作为试验水源，动态模拟电站锅炉的运行工况，考查其在高温高压条件下水汽品质的变化情况。结果．表明：虽然经二级除盐处理后的再生污水，其水质指标完全满足锅炉补充水的水质标准，但在高温高压工况下仍有低分子有机酸等分解产物出现，故认为利用城市污水作为锅炉补给水水源仍需谨慎。