计及电转气的多能互补园区供能分区博弈优化调度

多能互补园区能实现能源的梯级利用,可有效地进行多种能源的协调调度,进而提高用能效率和用能可靠性,因此被广泛应用.基于电转气技术和供能分区多主体特性,提出了一种计及电转气的多能互补园区供能分区优化调度方法.综合考虑多能互补园区供能分区的供能经济性、环保经济性以及风电、光伏出力特性,建立基于非合作博弈的双层优化调度模型,上层以日运行成本最低为目标函数,下层以风电、光伏出力特性最优为目标函数,利用非合作博弈理论研究园区内部各分区之间的多主体特性优化调度.算例分析结果验证了模型的有效性,实现了对多能互补园区供能分区的优化调度.     

基于改进即时学习算法的吸收塔pH值软测量技术研究

针对火电厂脱硫系统工作过程中存在非线性、时变性、多变量等问题,提出了一种基于改进即时学习算法的脱硫系统吸收塔浆液pH值软测量模型.在选择即时学习算法相似样本时,为了充分考虑输入变量与输出变量之间的相关性,采用一种基于偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)的相似准则确定系统当前工作点的建模邻域,利用得到的建模邻域建立基于最小二乘支持向量机(least squares support vector machine,LSSVM)的局部模型预测当前pH值.将该方法应用于脱硫系统吸收塔pH值建模仿真,结果表明,该软测量模型具有良好的预测性能.     

Pyrolysis of vulcanized styrene-butadiene rubber via ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is widely used in tires in the automotive segment and vulcanization using sulfur is a common process to enhance its mechanical properties. However, the addition of sulfur as the cross-linking agent usually results in impurities in pyrolysis products during rubber recycling, and thus the desulfurization during tire pyrolysis attracts much attention. In this work, the pyrolysis of vulcanized SBR is studied in detail with the help of ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulation. A series of crosslinked SBR models were built with different sulfur contents and densities. The following ReaxFF MD simulations were performed to show products distributions at different pyrolysis conditions. The simulation results show that sulfur products distribution is mainly controlled by sulfur contents and temperatures. The reaction mechanism is proposed based on the analysis of sulfur products conversion pathway, where most sulfur atoms are bonded with hydrocarbon radicals and the rest transfer to H₂S. High sulfur contents tend to the formation of elemental sulfur intermediate, and temperature increase facilitates the release of H₂S.     

Nickel-Carnosine complex:A new carrier for enzymes immobilization by affinity adsorption

Immobilization is an effective method to promote the application of enzyme industry for improving the stability and realizing recovery of enzyme.To some extent,the performance of immobilized enzyme depends on the choice of carrier material.Therefore,the development of new carrier materials has been one of the key issues concerned by enzyme immobilization researchers.In this work,a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material,nickel-carnosine complex (NiCar),was synthesized for the first time by solvothermal method.The obtained NiCar exhibits spherical morphology,hierarchical porosity and abun-dant unsaturated coordination nickel ions,which provide excellent anchoring sites for the immobiliza-tion of proteins.His-tagged organophosphate-degrading enzyme (OpdA) and ω-transaminase (ω-TA)were used as model enzymes to evaluate the performance of NiCar as a carrier.By a simple adsorption process,the enzyme molecules can be fixed on the particles of NiCar,and the stability and reusability are significantly improved.The analysis of protein adsorption on NiCar verified that the affinity adsorp-tion between the imidazole functional group on the protein and the unsaturated coordination nickel ions on NiCar was the main force in the immobilization process,which provided an idea way for the develop-ment of new enzyme immobilization carriers.     

线板型静电除尘器的电场、流场与颗粒浓度分布的数值模拟

为了深入研究颗粒在静电除尘器内的传输行为,采用开源软件OpenFOAM计算了Maxwell方程组、连续方程、动量方程、颗粒荷电和输运方程,分析线板型静电除尘器内电场、流场和颗粒浓度分布的特点.结果 表明,电势、流场和收尘效率的预测值与实验数据符合良好.在线板型静电除尘器内,电势和电荷密度以电晕线为中心呈对称分布,流场和颗粒浓度场以电晕线连线为对称轴基本呈对称分布.静电除尘器的收尘率随板间距的增加而减小,随电晕线间距的增加先增加后减小.当表示电场力与惯性力之比的无量纲准数MEHD和表示惯性力与黏性力之比的雷诺数Re的平方之比NEHD/Re2＜ 1.31×10-8时,静电除尘器内漩涡几乎消失,一次流占主导地位.当NEHD/Re2＞3.35×10-6时,静电除尘器内流场出现多个大尺度漩涡,电子风占主导地位.当NEHD/Re2＞ 3.35×10-6或NEHD/Re2 ＜3.35×10-8时,大涡模拟和k-ε湍流模型预测的收尘效率相同;当1.31×10-8＜NEHD/Re2＜3.35×10-6之间时,大涡模拟和k-ε湍流模型预测的收尘效率存在较大差异.     

覆膜滤料用聚四氟乙烯微孔膜的制备及其性能研究

针对市场上常用4种SSG范围的聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene,简称PTFE)树脂原料,采用双向拉伸法制备PTFE微孔膜,分析微孔膜性能的差异,并确定最适用于覆膜滤料用PTFE树脂原料.分析了不同分子量PTFE树脂原料的相对标准密度(SSG)、粒径、挤出压力和含水率等参数,采用不同分子量树脂原料来制备PTFE微孔膜,并表征PTFE微孔膜力学、厚度、结晶度、孔径、孔隙率和透气性能.研究表明:SSG的大小会影响PTFE微孔膜的力学性能(最大力、断裂伸长率)和孔结构(孔径、孔隙率),随SSG的增大呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在2.170～2.189范围内达到最优;结晶度与SSG的大小成正相关,而微孔膜透气性能主要与其孔结构有关,与孔径和孔隙率的变化趋势具有一致性.得出结论:PTFE树脂原料SSG分布在2.170～2.189范围时,制备的PTFE微孔膜最适用于覆膜滤料领域.     

±800kV特高压换流变压器CAFS自动控制系统设计研究

固定式压缩空气泡沫灭火系统(CAFS)不仅具有灭火能力强、速度快、灭火效率高、安全可靠等特点,且经过试验验证,可用于扑救换流变压器等油类火灾.将其首次应用到国内某±800 kV换流站工程,阐述了压缩空气泡沫系统控制系统的结构、配置和功能,给出了站内设备布置和火灾报警系统接口等设计要点.对后续特高压工程压缩空气泡沫灭火控制系统设计具有借鉴作用.     

仿生黏附性聚多巴胺丁香酚抑菌微胶囊的制备

以丁香酚（EO）为芯材,多巴胺（DA）为壳材,通过乳液模板-界面聚合法成功制备出尺寸可控的聚多巴胺丁香酚（PDA@EO）微胶囊。通过FTIR、TG、UV-Vis、SEM和TEM对微胶囊的化学结构、形貌、粒径及性能进行表征和分析,结果表明,所制备的微胶囊呈规整球形,粒径在55～94 nm之间,丁香酚包封率为25.35%,包封量为0.6288 g/g,24 h时累积释放率达到68.39%。通过对比实验证明,PDA@EO微胶囊在不同材料表面均具有优异的黏附性能;作用于口腔感染部位常见细菌金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌24 h,PDA@EO微胶囊较游离丁香酚的抑菌活性分别提高了36.84%和35.52%;当微胶囊质量浓度达到2.0 g/L时,PDA@EO微胶囊对两种细菌的抑菌活性均达到99%以上。     

110kV电缆终端红外测温培训系统开发

红外测温作为一项非接触式带电检测技术,可快速、安全地发现电缆终端异常发热缺陷.为了相应地提高巡检人员红外拍摄技能水平和图像分析能力,在总结归纳各类电缆终端故障案例特点的基础上,设计了一种110 kV电缆终端红外测温培训系统,该系统等比还原了110 kV电缆终端.内部结构采用110 kV终端样品和加热系统相结合,可真实模拟电缆终端运行工况;布置多个定制加热器及温控表,灵活配置发热状态;采用PID控温算法,使温度控制平稳;采用ModBus-Tcp协议与温控表通信,通过WiFi-485总线实现移动终端对温控箱的远程设置;人机交互界面可灵活设置温度并实时显示监测结果.该系统在实训中取得良好效果.     

粉煤灰空心微珠强化厚型钢结构防火涂料的制备及性能

将小粒径粉煤灰空心微珠(FAC)作为隔热填料掺入厚型钢结构防火涂料中,研究了FAC掺量对涂料理化性能及耐火性能的影响.结果显示:FAC掺量为8％时得到的防火涂料整体性能最优,灼烧3 h的背温低于市售防火涂层.利用数据模型对防火涂料耐火试验过程参数进行计算,求得固定和平均这2种形式的等效热阻,再以其模拟钢构件受火过程的温升情况,结果与实测基本一致.探讨了涂层表现出耐火性的原因.