基于GOS的远程实时可视化系统设计与实现*

提出了一个并行计算程序的远程实时可视化系统.通过实时可视化处理计算程序在计算过程中输出的数据文件,实现了对计算程序计算过程的可视化跟踪和实时分析;同时该系统采用GOS作为网格中间件,屏蔽了复杂的异构环境.     

超导电缆循环冷却系统用制冷机

通过对常见商业制冷机特点的对比,以及对逆布莱顿制冷机的发展近况阐述,提供了高温超导电缆循环制冷系统采用制冷机直接制冷方式的选择范围与主要选型参考,为超导电缆领域的制冷机选择提供了便利.从项目成本考虑,短期运行直接采购现成商业制冷机较为适宜;逆布莱顿制冷机因其独特优势可进行各工作单元的独立优化改进,在长期运行中具有更高的研究价值和更大的发展空间.     

高固含量丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶的制备及性能

以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)为共聚单体,以烯丙氧基脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵(SR-10)和烷基聚氧乙烯醚琥珀酸单酯磺酸二钠(A-102)作为环保型复合乳化剂,通过无种子半连续乳液聚合工艺制备了固含量高达62％的丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶.考察了硬单体MMA用量对乳液压敏胶性能的影响.结果表明,当MMA用量为10％(以单体总质量计,下同)时,高固含量丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为–32.6℃,初始热分解温度为337℃,水接触角为108°,环形初粘力为(9.53±0.389)N/25 mm,180°剥离强度为(10.08±0.056)N/25 mm,持粘力超过72 h;与未添加MMA的高固含量乳液相比,添加10％MMA后乳液黏度从361 mPa·s降至155 mPa·s,平均粒径从375 nm降至350 nm,粒径分布指数(PDI)从0.144增至0.214.     

基于三维视频编码的主动式配电网网格化规划方法

利用传统方法进行主动式配电网规划时,受小截面线路的影响,无法进行负荷聚类分块,在负荷增长率为32.98%~47.98%的范围内,存在供电网格负荷较高的问题,因此提出一种基于三维视频编码的主动式配电网网格化规划方法。以元胞历史数据为配电网负荷密度指标,进行配电网负荷预测,并通过冗余网格负荷聚类动态减少算法来划分配电网的供电区块,实现迅速、合理的负荷聚类分块;基于三维视频编码控制对配电网网格进行深度图编码控制,以实现配电网网格的分类,并结合配电网的设备选型、电网结构、通信系统、配电自动化等要求设计标准化网格,实现配电网网格化规划。为测试该方法在上述负荷增长率范围内的供电网格负荷,进行对比实验,实验结果证明,该方法的供电网格负荷始终较低,实现了配电网负荷性能的突破。     

Divergence of Intracellular Trafficking of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 3 in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and MCF-7-Derived Stem Cell-Enriched Mammospheres

Breast cancer MCF-7 cell-line-derived mammospheres were shown to be enriched in cells with a CD44+/CD24– surface profile, consistent with breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). These BCSC were previously reported to express key sphingolipid signaling effectors, including pro-oncogenic sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3). In this study, we explored intracellular trafficking and localization of SphK1 and S1P3 in parental MCF-7 cells, and MCF-7 derived BCSC-enriched mammospheres treated with growth- or apoptosis-stimulating agents. Intracellular trafficking and localization were assessed using confocal microscopy and cell fractionation, while CD44+/CD24- marker status was confirmed by flow cytometry. Mammospheres expressed significantly higher levels of S1P3 compared to parental MCF-7 cells (p < 0.01). Growth-promoting agents (S1P and estrogen) induced SphK1 and S1P3 translocation from cytoplasm to nuclei, which may facilitate the involvement of SphK1 and S1P3 in gene regulation. In contrast, pro-apoptotic cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-treated MCF-7 cells demonstrated increased apoptosis and no nuclear localization of SphK1 and S1P3, suggesting that TNFα can inhibit nuclear translocation of SphK1 and S1P3. TNFα inhibited mammosphere formation and induced S1P3 internalization and degradation. No nuclear translocation of S1P3 was detected in TNFα-stimulated mammospheres. Notably, SphK1 and S1P3 expression and localization were highly heterogenous in mammospheres, suggesting the potential for a large variety of responses. The findings provide further insights into the understanding of sphingolipid signaling and intracellular trafficking in BCs. Our data indicates that the inhibition of SphK1 and S1P3 nuclear translocation represents a novel method to prevent BCSCs proliferation.     

A Strategy of Liquid-Grafted Slippery Sponges with Simultaneously Enhanced Absorption and Desorption Performances for Crude Oil Spill Remediation

Crude oil spill accidents pose a worldwide environmental threat. Oleophilic and hydrophobic absorbents that can selectively absorb oil from water have shown promising application potential in oil spill remediation. Simultaneous optimization of the absorption and desorption speed of absorbents towards oil is highly desirable for their recyclable usage, but remains a great challenge, because these two properties are generally conflicting. Here, a facile and ingenious strategy is proposed to tackle the above challenge via surface modification of porous sponges with highly flexible linear polydimethylsiloxane (LPDMS) brushes. The LPDMS brushes feature liquid-like properties at room temperature owing to its extremely low glass transition temperature, and act as a covalently-grafted lubrication layer throughout the 3D network channels of the sponge, which can minimize contact angle hysteresis and reduce friction between oil and sponge channel. Compared to the prevalent cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (CPDMS) modification strategy, sponges modified with LPDMS brushes not only shows significantly enhanced absorption speed, but also exhibits superior desorption dynamics towards viscous crude oils. The design strategy of slippery sponges with liquid-like molecules may open a new avenue for developing advanced absorbents with simultaneously enhanced absorption and desorption performances for liquid separation and purification applications.     

地下环境中电子设备的腐蚀与防护

程环境中电子设备所承受的湿度、温度、腐蚀性气体、空气沉积物、微生物等环境应力因素及其腐蚀效应，概述总结了电子设备腐蚀机制及主要类型，并提出电子设备设计与使用中抑制腐蚀的措施.     

Defect classification using a new feature for pulsed eddy current sensors

The objective of this study is to identify defects such as surface cracks, subsurface defects and metal losses using feature based pulsed eddy current sensors. A new feature, termed as the rising point, related to the propagation time of electromagnetic waves in metallic targets is proposed for defect classification. Experimental studies of the validation, robustness of the new feature of rising time are reported. In addition to other features, defects can be detected and quantified robustly and lift-off can also be derived from the rising time. Conclusion and further work are derived on the basis of the findings.     

钛酸钡中的硼间隙及其对PTCR效应的影响

通过B2O3蒸汽掺杂，钛酸钡晶胞膨胀，表明硼离子可以进入钛酸钡晶格中形成硼间隙。B2O3蒸汽掺杂使含Y钛酸钡陶瓷室温电阻率下降，升阻比提高。同样的烧结条件下，钛酸钡陶瓷的PTCR效应随B2O3蒸汽掺杂源的浓度升高而升高。硼间隙和／或相关缺陷络合物可以形成电子捕获中心，从而提高PTCR效应。     

显微组织对Ni-Cr合金热腐蚀行为的影响

采用机械合金化法和真空熔炼法制备了不同显微组织的Ni-20Cr（质量分数，％，下同）合金，并研究其在950℃，75％Na2SO4＋25％K2SO4（质量分数，下同）盐膜下的热腐蚀行为。结果表明：细晶的机械合金化Ni-20Cr合金热腐蚀后表面形成了单一连续的Cr2O3外氧化膜，有效地阻止了硫的向内扩散，延长了热腐蚀过程的孕育期，呈现出较普通晶粒尺寸的熔炼Ni-20Cr合金更好的抗热腐蚀性能。