陆相沉积地层绳索取心钻进所遇问题及解决办法

近两年,在青海省大柴旦鱼卡煤田外围实施的多个1500 m深度的煤层气参数井,按地质设计均要求采用绳索取心钻进工艺进行施工。从施工情况看,普遍存在孔内事故多、工期长和成孔率低的问题。本文对JLSZK2钻孔在施工中出现的钻孔超径、孔壁间隙、岩心过度磨损等3个方面的问题进行了分析探讨,另外结合该矿区其他钻孔施工问题,总结出了如何运用绳索取心技术在陆相沉积岩地层进行高效、高质量施工的一些经验。     

玻璃渣性质对熔炼富集法回收废催化剂中钯的影响

利用热化学软件FactSage6.4计算了SiO₂-CaO-Al₂O₃渣系的等温相图,进而通过固定辅料MgO的含量为8%（质量分数,下同）并控制Al₂O₃含量低于35%,可以得到合理的玻璃渣系液相区温度和矿物学物相组成。采用旋转柱体法和模拟计算相结合的方法研究了温度、二元碱度w_CaO/w_SiO2和Al₂O₃含量对SiO₂-CaO-Al₂O₃-MgO熔渣黏度的影响。依据单因素实验结果可知,随温度逐渐升高、Al₂O₃含量由15%增加至35%以及二元碱度由0.3增加到1.0,熔渣粘度呈减小的变化趋势。通过以铁作为捕集剂的熔炼实验可知,钯的回收率随着废催化剂在物料体系中质量分数的增加而增大,但随着持续增大二元碱度和升高温度,其先增大而后减小。采用选取的Pd/Al₂O₃废催化剂和实验优化后的玻璃渣组分进行回收实验,即Al₂O₃和MgO含量分别约为30%和8%、二元碱度为0.5,钯的回收率可达99%,玻璃态尾渣中钯的残留量小于4.50 g/t。     

NiTi形状记忆合金螺钉的研制及医学应用

成功地研制了一种新型NiTi形状记忆合金螺钉并已临床应用了150例,经3年多考核,未发现骨不连及股骨头缺血坏死现象。     

基于图模型的小尺寸飞行器地面试验中位姿估计方法

在多飞行器地面试验位姿估计中,由于跟踪算法导致的跟踪轨迹不连续会使得位姿估计产生累积误差,为了实现位姿的精确估计,提出了一种基于图模型的全局位姿估计非线性优化方法。首先,建立了一个飞行器地面视觉位姿估计系统。然后根据飞行器上特征点的数目提出了一种向量交叉式的飞行器位姿解算方法,求解得到数据已关联飞行器位姿估计值。利用中介坐标系法求解得到轨迹段初始位姿节点在测量坐标系下的值,最后,在图模型基础上下,对整个量测过程中飞行器的位姿估计结果进行非线性全局优化减小线性算法的累积误差,并通过仿真与实际实验对飞行器位姿估计算法的可行性与精度进行验证。实验结果表明:在测量范围为6 000 mm×6 000 mm×3 000 mm的范围内,飞行器尺寸约为400 mm,特征点三维定位精度为2.9 mm的条件下,基于非线性优化的飞行器位姿估计算法的理论精度分别可达0.5°(3σ)与3 mm (3σ),实际绝对测量精度分别可达1.3°(3σ)与4 mm (3σ),基本满足地面试验对多飞行器编队算法开发以及制导控制系统性能长时间评估稳定可靠、精度高、抗干扰能力强等要求。     

蚌埠市生活垃圾填埋场工程地质勘察

蚌埠市生活垃圾填埋场工程是城市基础设施,该工程规模大,位于平山半山坡上,工程区地质条件复杂,工作难度大,防渗设计要求严苛.本勘察项目采用钻探、原位取土试样、标准贯入试验、单孔法波速测试试验、室内土工试验、岩石饱和单轴抗压强度试验、水质分析等综合手段勘察,取得了科学准确的参数.本文对填埋场的地基持力层的选择、设计参数、防渗处理等提出了经济合理的结论和建议,为优化设计、节省投资、安全施工奠定了基础.     

β-Galactosidase with transgalactosylation activity from Lactobacillus fermentum K4

The LacLM β-galactosidase of Lactobacillus fermentum K4 is encoded by 2 consecutive genes, lacL (large subunit) and lacM (small subunit), that share 17 overlapping nucleotides. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this enzyme was closely related to other Lactobacillus β-galactosidases and provided significant insight into its common and distinct characteristics. We cloned both the lacL and lacM genes of L. fermentum K4 and heterologously expressed each in Escherichia coli, although the recombinant enzyme was only functional when both were expressed on the same plasmid. We evaluated the enzymatic properties of this species-specific LacLM β-galactosidase and discovered that it acts as both a hydrolase, bioconverting lactose into glucose and galactose, and a transgalactosylase, generating prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). The recombinant β-galactosidase showed a broad pH optimum and stability around neutral pH. The optimal temperature and Michaelis constant (K_m) for the substrates o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside and lactose were, respectively, 40°C and 45 to 50°C and 1.31 mM and 27 mM. The enzyme activity was stimulated by some cations such as Na⁺, K⁺, and Mg²⁺. In addition, activity was also enhanced by ethanol (15%, wt/vol). The transgalactosylation activity of L. fermentum K4 β-galactosidase effectively and rapidly generated GOS, up to 37% of the total sugars from the reaction. Collectively, our results suggested that the β-galactosidase from L. fermentum K4 could be exploited for the formation of GOS.     

JL-30 000 J落锤冲击试验机控制系统改造

采用先进的PLC控制技术和光电编码器检测技术对JL-30000落锤冲击试验机继电器-单片机的控制模式进行升级改造,改造后仪器以触摸屏作为终端操作机,通过PLC进行采集脉冲计数、控制落锤提升、冲击等试验的全过程。     

镍钛形状记忆合金的开发应用

综述了镍钛形状记忆合金在国内外的开发应用情况。对今后的发展提出了建议。     

The dynamic mechanical behaviour of blends of polyphenylene sulfide with acetylene terminated sulfone

The dynamic mechanical behaviour of blends of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) with the acetylene terminated sulfone bis(4-(4-ethynylphenoxy)phenyl)sulfone (ESF) was investigated by torsional braid analysis (TBA). A uniform dispersed system of ESF/PPS may be obtained by a solution process at 200°C, and can be maintained during the heat treatment up to 400°C. The increase of T_g of the blended system was found to be inappreciable by one-step and short time (e.g. 1 h) heat treatment, whatever the ESF fraction is. By a long term heat treatment or by step-curing, the T_g of the system may be raised from 180 to 220°C, in company with the increase of rigidity at 300°C, compared with pure PPS. The flexural modulus and interlaminar shear strength of continuous unidirectional carbon fibre composites with a blended matrix of ESF/PPS = 10/90 are significantly higher than those of composites with pure PPS matrix.     

Efficient La–Ba–MgO Supported Ru Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis

Abstract  

Novel Ru-based catalysts were prepared by impregnating 2 wt% Ru₃(CO)₁₂ into rare earth (La, Sm, Ce) and barium doped nano-magnesia (RE–Ba–MgO) supports, which were originally prepared by chemical co-precipitation with ultrasonic treatment. The Ru/RE–Ba–MgO catalyst exhibits higher activity, more than three times of that of conventional Ba–Ru/MgO base on water impregnation. Characterization of this catalyst by various techniques reveals that the chemical and textural properties of nano Ba–MgO supports and formation state of barium in support are key factors responsible for the elevated activity of this catalyst.