芽孢杆菌应用于聚乳酸的降解及其降解条件的研究

采用液体培养法,将巨大芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和解淀粉芽孢杆菌应用于聚乳酸生物降解,探究降解过程中培养条件的改变,对蛋白酶活性以及薄膜降解过程的影响。结果表明：不同种类的诱导物能够提高芽孢杆菌的蛋白酶活性,巨大芽孢杆菌的最高蛋白酶活性约为23.79 U/mL,枯草芽孢杆菌的最高蛋白酶活性约为11.61 U/mL,解淀粉芽孢杆菌的最高蛋白酶活性约为21.23 U/mL。三种芽孢杆菌中,巨大芽孢杆菌对聚乳酸的生物降解影响最大。初始pH值为8.0,接种2%(V/V)种子液,1%酵母浸粉作为降解诱导物,可以有效加快巨大芽孢杆菌对聚乳酸的降解速率,5 d后降解率可达20.96%。薄膜表面存在菌生长,生物降解后出现轻微裂痕。     

Poly(Li‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐co‐poly(4‐vinyl pyridine): Molar mass effects on strong electrorheological response

Electrorheological (ER) fluids display remarkable rheological behavior, being able to convert rapidly and repeatedly from a fluid to a solid‐like when an external electric field (E) is applied or removed. In this study, electrical and ER properties of poly(Li‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐co‐poly(4‐vinyl pyridine), poly(Li‐HEMA)‐co‐poly(4‐VP), copolymeric salts (ionomers) were investigated. For this purpose six ionomers were synthesized with different molar masses. They were then ground‐milled for a few hours to obtain micron size ionomers. The particle sizes of the ionomers were determined by dynamic light scattering. Suspensions of ionomers were prepared in silicone oil (SO), at a series of concentrations (c = 5–30%, m/m). The gravitational stability of suspensions against sedimentation was determined at constant temperature (T = 25°C). Flow times of the suspensions were measured under no electric field (E = 0 kV/mm), and under an external applied electric field (E ≠ 0 kV/mm) strengths and a strong ER activities were observed for all the poly(Li‐HEMA)‐co‐poly(4‐VP)/SO suspensions. Further, the effects of suspension concentration, mole ratios of poly(HEMA) and poly(4‐VP), and the overall molar mass of the copolymers, shear rate, electric field strength, frequency, promoter, and temperature onto ER activities of ionomer suspensions were investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1065–1074, 2006     

沂沭河底泥中污染物空间分布特征及评价

测定沂沭河底泥的有机质(OM)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)及有效磷含量,分析了污染物之间的相关性,评价了沂沭河底泥的污染状况.结果表明:沂沭河流域表层沉积物中TN、TP分布特性相似,沂河中OM含量远低于沭河,OM、TN、TP分布的空间差异较大.有效磷含量约占TP含量的17.7％,表明农田及人类活动对流域水环境造成了一定...     

Investigation of the performance of carbide cutting tools with hard coatings in hard milling based on the response surface methodology

Machining of hard materials has become a great challenge for several decades. One of the problems in this machining process is early tool wear, and this affects the machinability of hard materials. In order to increase machinability, cutting tools are widely coated with nanostructured physical vapor deposition hard coatings. The main characteristics of such advanced hard coatings are high microhardness and toughness as well as good adhesion to the substrate. In this paper, the influence of hard coatings (nanolayer AlTiN/TiN, multilayer nanocomposite TiAlSiN/TiSiN/TiAlN, and commercially available TiN/TiAlN) and cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) on cutting forces and surface roughness were investigated during face milling of AISI O2 cold work tool steel (～61 HRC). The experiments were conducted based on 3¹³ factorial design by response surface methodology, and response surface equations of cutting forces and surface roughness were obtained. In addition, the cutting forces obtained with the coated and uncoated tools were compared. The results showed that the interaction of coating type and depth of cut affects surface roughness. The hard coating type has no significant effect on cutting forces, while the cutting force F _z is approximately two times higher in the case of uncoated tool.     

某含铷花岗岩矿石中伴生钽铌锂的综合回收试验研究

伴生资源综合利用是绿色矿山建设、节约能源的重要举措。某地花岗岩型独立铷矿中伴生钽、铌、锂金属,为实现该铷矿的资源化利用,对钽、铌、锂进行了详细的综合回收试验研究。矿石中Ta₂O₅、Nb₂O₅、Li₂O品位分别为42.15g/t、184.00g/t和0.086%;钽铌赋存于铌铁矿中,锂主要赋存于铁锂云母中。确定采用磁选优先回收铌铁矿和铁锂云母—磁精矿重选回收钽铌—重选尾矿浮选回收锂的选矿工艺。试验结果表明:在磨矿细度为-0.074mm占61.81%的条件下,经弱磁选除铁—强磁选—两段摇床重选得到含11 650 g/t Ta₂O₅、50 400g/t Nb₂O₅的钽铌精矿,钽、铌回收率分别为38.46%和38.11%,钽、铌富集比均超过270;以碳酸钠、水玻璃作为调整剂,氧化石蜡皂和十二胺作为阴阳离子组合捕收剂,对重选尾矿进行浮选富集铁锂云母,经1次粗选、1次精选、1次扫选获得Li_2<...     

降解温和气单胞菌AHLs乳酸菌的筛选及在三文鱼保鲜中的应用

从传统发酵食品中筛选对温和气单胞菌（Aeromonas sobria）N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯（N-acyl-homoserine lactones,AHLs）信号分子具有降解活性的乳酸菌,对其进行菌种鉴定,探究乳酸菌产生的群体感应淬灭作用酶存在位置与类型。以三文鱼为载体,通过测定细菌菌落总数、持水力、硫代巴比妥酸（thiobarbituric acid,TBA）值以及挥发性盐基氮（total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N）值等指标评价乳酸菌抑制温和气单胞菌致腐能力的效果。结果表明：采用96孔板法结合牛津杯法筛选获得1株对温和气单胞菌AHLs降解活性接近100%的菌株YF-8,经鉴定为戊糖片球菌（Pediococcus pentosaceus）。菌株YF-8淬灭酶存在于胞外上清液中,且在酸性、中性条件下均具有降解活性,初步判定为AHLs酰基转移酶。通过生长曲线确定YF-8淬灭酶粗提物在亚抑菌质量浓度2.0、4.0 mg/mL和6.0 mg/mL时不影响温和气单胞菌生长。此外,感染温和气单胞菌的三文鱼经YF-8淬灭酶粗提物处理过后,细菌菌落总数、持水力、TBA值...     

纤维增强沙漠砂砂浆砖砌体轴心受压性能试验研究

为了研究沙漠砂砂浆和CBF纤维增强砂浆对砖砌体轴心受压性能的影响,设计了4组砂浆配合比,并砌筑4组砖砌体轴心受压试件,以普通砂砂浆砖砌体作为对比组,研究沙漠砂砂浆和纤维增强砂浆砖砌体轴心受压性能,结果表明：可以配制出与普通砂砂浆相同强度等级的沙漠砂砂浆,沙漠砂砂浆砌体轴心受压性能和普通砂砂浆砖砌体类似,都表现出明显的脆性破坏特征;0.1%CBF纤维掺量和20%沙漠砂替代率为最优组合,其轴心受压脆性破坏程度明显降低,抗压强度和弹性模量明显高于普通砂砂浆砖砌体。     

一种负载均衡的FiWi网络视频多路径传输机制

针对用户差异化的需求及融合网络局部过载造成视频业务中断的问题,提出一种负载均衡的视频传输机制.首先根据光纤无线接入网络的前端结构特点来改进分裂多径路由协议以获得路径选取模型;其次计算视频在无线侧的延迟和路径差分延迟,并确定其阈值作为用户体验质量约束;最后在考虑用户体验质量的同时,采用多级惩罚函数的粒子群优化算法进行视频...     

Recommendations in a heterogeneous service environment

This paper presents novel algorithms which are able to generate recommendations within a heterogeneous service environment. In this work explicitly set preferences as well as implicitly logged viewing behavior are employed to generate recommendations for Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) content. This paper also discusses the similarity between the DVB genres and YouTube categories. In addition it presents results to show the comparison between well known collaborative filtering methods. The outcome of this comparison study is used to identify the most suitable filtering method to use in the proposed environment. Finally the paper presents a novel Personal Program Guide (PPG), which is used as a tool to visualize the generated recommendations within a heterogeneous service environment. This PPG is also capable of showing the linear DVB content and the non-linear YouTube videos in a single view.     

High output impedance current-mode lowpass,bandpass and highpass filters using current controlled conveyors

Three new current-mode second-order filter configurations which employ one or two current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and three passive elements are presented. Each proposed filter can realize one of the bandpass, lowpass or highpass responses all at high impedance outputs. The proposed filters offer current-control of pole angular frequency ω_o without disturbing the parameter ω_o /Q. No component matching is required and all the passive and active sensitivities are low. PSPICE simulation results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis.