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61.
Hybrid accident simulation methodology using artificial neural networks for nuclear power plants 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Young Joon Choi Hyun Koon Kim Won Pil Baek Soon Heung Chang 《Information Sciences》2004,160(1-4):207-224
A hybrid accident simulation methodology for nuclear power plants is proposed to enhance the capabilities of compact simulator by introducing artificial neural networks. Two neural networks are trained with the target values obtained from the analyses of detailed computer codes and trained results are combined with the compact simulator to perform the following roles: (i) compensation for inaccuracies of a compact simulator occurring from simplified governing equation and reduced number of physical control volumes, and (ii) prediction of the critical parameter usually calculated from the sophisticated computer code: the autoassociative neural network improves the computational results of the compact simulator up to the accuracy level of detailed best estimate computer code, while the backpropagation neural network predicts the minimum departure from nucleate boiling ratio (DNBR). Simulations are carried out to verify the applicability of the proposed methodology for the loss of flow accidents and the results show that the neural networks can be used as a complementary tool to improve the results of a compact simulator. 相似文献
62.
Nam‐II Kim Hee‐Taek Yun Moon‐Young Kim 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2004,61(2):274-302
An evaluation procedure of exact static stiffness matrices for curved beams with non‐symmetric thin‐walled cross section are rigorously presented for the static analysis. Higher‐order differential equations for a uniform curved beam element are first transformed into a set of the first‐order simultaneous ordinary differential equations by introducing 14 displacement parameters where displacement modes corresponding to zero eigenvalues are suitably taken into account. This numerical technique is then accomplished via a generalized linear eigenvalue problem with non‐symmetric matrices. Next, the displacement functions of displacement parameters are exactly calculated by determining general solutions of simultaneous non‐homogeneous differential equations. Finally an exact stiffness matrix is evaluated using force–deformation relationships. In order to demonstrate the validity and effectiveness of this method, displacements and normal stresses of cantilever thin‐walled curved beams subjected to tip loads are evaluated and compared with those by thin‐walled curved beam elements as well as shell elements. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
63.
This paper proposes a heuristic method of constructing multivariate T2 control charts for skewed populations based on ‘weighted standard deviations’, obtained by decomposing the standard deviation into upper and lower deviations according to the direction and degree of skewness. The proposed method adjusts the variance–covariance matrix of quality characteristics and modifies the ellipsoidal probability density function contour of the multivariate normal distribution to a shape similar to that of the skewed distribution. False alarm rates and out‐of‐control average run lengths of the proposed control chart are compared with those of the standard control chart for multivariate lognormal, Weibull and gamma distributions, and the results show that considerable improvement over the standard method can be achieved when the distribution is skewed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
64.
Thermal conductivity of gallium arsenic nitride (GaAsN) epilayer on gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate prepared by molecular beam epitaxy technique was measured using pulsed photothermal reflectance technique. Three-layer model incorporated thermal boundary resistance was applied to extract the thermal properties from the sample's photothermal response. Within the thickness ranging from 20 to 80 nm, no thickness dependent relationship with thermal conductivity of GaAsN epilayer was found, and the average thermal conductivity is approximately 27 W/mK at room temperature. The thermal boundary resistance at the Au/GaAsN interface is in the order of 10−8 m2K/W. 相似文献
65.
During the solidification of the AZ91D-alloys, the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 phase is generally precipitated in the melt in advance of the precipitation of the primary α-Mg. The basic principle for manufacturing AZ91D-alloy slurries for semi solid forming is to use the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitates as the heterogeneous nucleation sites for primary α-Mg phases. Microscopic analysis for the location of the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitate explains that the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitate is the effective heterogeneous nucleation site for the primary α-Mg phase. It was also observed that increase of the Mn content in the melt and the cooling rate below to the solid/liquid two-phase region resulted in smaller and more globular primary α-Mg due to the increase of heterogeneous nucleation sites. It was found that the average α-Mg diameter grew as a function of t0.278, where t is the holding time at the solid/liquid two-phase region. This would be attributed to the Ostwald type ripening and coalescence between primary α-Mg phases. The cooling rate below to the solid/liquid two-phase region, Mn content in AZ91D alloy, and the holding time and temperature affected on the quality of slurry. 相似文献
66.
Hee Seok Song Jae Kyeong Kim Yeong Bin Cho Soung Hie Kim 《Artificial Intelligence Review》2004,21(2):161-184
Customer retention is an increasinglypressing issue in today's competitiveenvironment. This paper proposes a personalizeddefection detection and prevention procedurebased on the observation that potentialdefectors have a tendency to take a couple ofmonths or weeks to gradually change theirbehaviour (i.e., trim-out their usage volume)before their eventual withdrawal. For thispurpose, we suggest a SOM (Self-Organizing Map)based procedure to determine the possiblestates of customer behaviour from pastbehaviour data. Based on this staterepresentation, potential defectors aredetected by comparing their monitoredtrajectories of behaviour states with frequentand confident trajectories of past defectors.Also, the proposed procedure is extended toprevent the defection of potential defectors byrecommending the desirable behaviour state forthe next period so as to lower the likelihoodof defection. For the evaluation of theproposed procedure, a case study has beenconducted for a Korean online game site. Theresult demonstrates that the proposed procedureis effective for defection prevention andefficiently detects potential defectors withoutdeterioration of prediction accuracy whencompared to that of the MLP (Multi-LayerPerceptron) neural networks. 相似文献
67.
Suárez-Orozco Carola; Gaytán Francisco X.; Bang Hee Jin; Pakes Juliana; O'Connor Erin; Rhodes Jean 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2010,46(3):602
Immigration to the United States presents both challenges and opportunities that affect students' academic achievement. Using a 5-year longitudinal, mixed-methods approach, we identified varying academic trajectories of newcomer immigrant students from Central America, China, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Mexico. Latent class growth curve analysis revealed that although some newcomer students performed at high or improving levels over time, others showed diminishing performance. Multinomial logistic regressions identified significant group differences in academic trajectories, particularly between the high-achieving youth and the other groups. In keeping with ecological–developmental and stage–environment fit theories, School Characteristics (school segregation rate, school poverty rate, and student perceptions of school violence), Family Characteristics (maternal education, parental employment, and household structure), and Individual Characteristics (academic English proficiency, academic engagement, psychological symptoms, gender, and 2 age-related risk factors, number of school transitions and being overaged for grade placement) were associated with different trajectories of academic performance. A series of case studies triangulate many of the quantitative findings as well as illuminate patterns that were not detected in the quantitative data. Thus, the mixed-methods approach sheds light on the cumulative developmental challenges that immigrant students face as they adjust to their new educational settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
68.
Tai Sik Lee Dong Wook Lee Hyeeun Lee Hee Sun Park 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,21(4):159-163
The Leader–Member Exchange (LMX) relationship quality between superiors and subordinates in Korean civil engineering companies were empirically examined for superiors’ feedback-seeking behaviors. The results showed that for superiors, affect, loyalty, and contribution toward subordinates were positively related to seeking negative as well as positive feedback from subordinates. From subordinates’ point of view, affect, contribution, and professional respect toward their superiors were positively related to superiors’ negative feedback seeking, but affect was negatively related to superiors’ positive feedback seeking. It was also found that superiors and subordinates were not consensual in LMX and superiors’ feedback-seeking behaviors. For example, for superiors, all of the four LMX dimensions were positively related to superiors’ asking subordinates directly for feedback, whereas for subordinates, none of the LMX dimensions were significantly related to superiors’ asking subordinates directly for feedback. These and other findings are discussed in detail, and implications for the findings are provided. 相似文献
69.
70.
Effect of substrate temperature on structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Seong Jun Kang Yang Hee Joung Hyun Ho Shin Yung Sup Yoon 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2008,19(11):1073-1078
ZnO thin films were grown by the pulse laser deposition (PLD) method using Si (100) substrates at various substrate temperatures.
The influence of the substrate temperature on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the ZnO thin films was
investigated. All of the thin films showed c-axis growth perpendicular to the substrate surface. At a substrate temperature of 500 °C, the ZnO thin film showed the highest
(002) peak with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 0.39°. The X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) study showed that
Zn was in excess irrespective of the substrate temperature and that the thin film had a nearly stoichiometrical composition
at a substrate temperature of 500 °C. The photoluminescence (PL) investigation showed that the narrowest UV FWHM of 15.8 nm
and the largest ratio of the UV peak to the deep-level peak of 32.9 were observed at 500 °C. Hall effect measurement systems
provided information about the carrier concentration, mobility and resistivity. At a substrate temperature of 500 °C, the
Hall mobility was the value of 37.4 cm2/Vs with carrier concentration of 1.36 × 1018 cm−3 and resistivity of 2.08 × 10−1 Ω cm. 相似文献