Propagation of zero sound in superfluid3He-B under magnetic field

We present a theory of zero sound propagation in super fluid³He-B with an order parameter strongly distorted by magnetic field. A general formula of the dispersion relation for arbitrary magnetic field in the collisionless regime is derived within the weak coupling theory and under the assumption of particle-hole symmetry. The Landau parameters are taken into account up toF ₂ ^s andF ₀ ^a . Numerical results for the sound velocity and absorption spectrum are presented. We show that the collective modeJ = 1,J _z = 0 yields a sizable peak in the sound absorption spectrum under weak but finite magnetic field. The quasi-particle excitations under magnetic field also exhibit cusp-like fine structures in the absorption spectrum. We show that the anomalies discovered by Ling et al. and Sounders et al. near the pair breaking edge in theq H geometry consist of theJ = 1,J _z = 0 collective mode and the pair breaking cusps in theJ _z = 0, ±2 channels.     

A study on limited-cycle scheduling problem with multiple periods

This paper considers the optimal arrangement to minimize the total expected risk on limited-cycle scheduling problem with multiple periods. In this paper, first, the multi period problem is systematically classified and modeled. Next, a recursive formula for the total expected risk is presented, and an algorithm for optimal assignments in limited-cycle problems with multiple periods is proposed based on the branch and bound method. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown by investigating the calculation time of the computer. Finally, the optimal assignments are studied by numerical experiments and the property useful for the design of a production seat system is found.     

Stabilization of parameter estimation for Kriging-based approximation with empirical semivariogram

This paper discusses stabilization of an optimization procedure to determine an appropriate semivariogram parameter using the empirical semivariogram for Kriging-based approximation. From a viewpoint of a computational cost for constructing a surrogate model, a semivariogram fitting approach using the empirical semivariogram can be usable for the parameter estimation of a semivariogram function. However, instability of the optimization procedure for determination of the semivariogram parameter may be observed in some cases and it causes to generate an invalid surrogate model.For this problem, a simple technique for stabilization of the optimization for the parameter determination is proposed in this paper. The proposed approach employs a normalization technique of input data with respect to values of variables and an objective function. The proposed method is applied to some numerical examples, and the numerical results illustrate validity and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Sepiolite as a deodorant material: an ESR study of its properties

Sepiolite, a Mg silicate, is used as a deodorant because of its strong adsorbing power. However, the principle by which sepiolite adsorbs gases is not known well. The present authors have tried to analyse this principle as a change of paramagnetic species in the crystal surfaces of sepiolite. After heat-processing sepiolite at the temperatures 150, 550 and 750C, the concentration change of paramagnetic species was observed using NH₃, air, or vacuum as atmospheric environment of sepiolite. The results indicate that, in the absence of zeolitic water, relatively high concentrations of Mn²⁺ and (Mg²⁺) _n ^– (are observed, which are destroyed with NH₃ or water. A multi-line ESR spectrum has been found and is attributed to (Mg²⁺) _n ^– ion which is an entire crystal lattice plane forming a big molecular orbital. The results and an analysis of it seem to indicate that a gas molecule is adsorbed to a crystal plane of sepiolite due to its free spin holding nature. This phenomenon may be called spin adsorption. There should be many more cases in which gas adsorption from the gas phase to the solid phase is controlled by the free-spin holding nature of the solid surface. For such cases the ESR method seems to be a quite powerful and proper technique.     

好氧微生物基团内的基质分布与 NH+4的硝化特点分析

废水生物处理的微生物基团是以生物膜或悬浮絮体存在于体系内的，其中所含有的大量种群复杂的微生物与基质在微生物基团的分布密切相关．采用微小电极技术测定了微生物基团内DO浓度、NH4^ -N浓度的变化特点．结果表明：DO在微生物基团内的扩散深度在一定范围内随体系DO浓度增加而增加；微生物基团内硝化作用发生的范围与DO扩散深度直接相关；过高的DO浓度，由于受传质阻力的影响，其在微生物基团内的扩散深度并不会持续增加；体系DO高于2mg／L以上时的硝化效果基本接近．因此，生物硝化系统内DO为2mg／L时，既可满足硝化要求又可节约能量．     

Sequential molecularly targeted drug therapy including axitinib for a patient with end‐stage renal failure and metastatic renal cell carcinoma

A 62‐year‐old male patient with end‐stage renal disease and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was referred to our hospital. Sequential targeted therapy consisting of sorafenib, sunitinib, and everolimus was administered, but the patient's disease gradually progressed. Axitinib was subsequently administered at a decreased dose of 6 mg/day for 2 weeks, after which the dose was escalated to 10 mg/day. Axitinib therapy was maintained for a total of 6 months without severe adverse effects. Sequential molecularly targeted drug therapy including axitinib, with careful monitoring, is one possible treatment option for patients with metastatic RCC with renal impairment.     

Two-dimensional observation of the Maker fringe and its application to the poling state evaluation of ferroelectric domains

Two-dimensional images of the Maker fringe have been successfully obtained with a second-harmonic generation microscope that we recently constructed. Compared with conventional Maker fringe methods, our experimental technique offers several advantages of direct and rapid calculation of coherence lengths of optical nonlinear crystals. In addition, owing to the sensitivity of second-harmonic waves to orientational inhomogeneities, two-dimensional images built by second-harmonic waves make it possible to observe and evaluate the poling state of ferroelectric single domains or inhomogeneities in a specimen.     

Dry developable resist in e-beam and sr lithography

Dry developable resists comprised of poly(methyl isopropenyl ketone) (PMIPK) and 4-methyl-2,6-dI-(4′-azldoben-zylidene)-cyclohexanone-1 gave excellent results in SK lithography, i. e., high aspect ratio resist patterns with vertical walls were easily obtained by maskless dry etching in the single layer resist process. Because of the simplicity of single layer resist processing and the high etch rate in maskless dry etching for the formation of thick resist patterns, the dry developable resist in SR lithography may be advantageous to the multilayer resist for the purpose of generating high resolution, thick resist patterns with vertical walls. The resolution limit of the dry developable resist which reproduces the designed dimensions was 100 nm line and 200 nm space when a conventional e-beam apparatus was used at 20 KV in the dry developable multilayer resist process.     

Psychological bias caused by notification of odor name in sensory evaluation test of odor

“Tatami” is a traditional Japanese building material used as a floor mat made with rush. It used to be said that the smell of tatami is preferred by many Japanese, because almost all Japanese houses have had tatami rooms since early times. In this paper, the psychological bias of notification of material name was investigated. This kind of psychological bias seems to be a very important factor that affects the result of sensory test.     

Response of NIPAAm‐Ch gel to temperature changes and its effectiveness on nitrification as medium for immobilization

Increase in mass transport resistance is one of the major difficulties in immobilization by the use of gels. Functional gels can change their volume and inner structure depending on ambient conditions as stimuli and may reduce the difficulty as a novel immobilization matrix. The response of poly N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐chlorophyllin (NIPAAm‐Ch) gel to temperature changes and its performance on nitrification with nitrifiers immobilized by the gel were investigated in a continuous‐flow stirred‐tank reactor (CFSTR) with cyclic temperature changes. The gel with an immobilized nitrifier swelled and shrank alternately with 1.2–1.6‐fold volume change under a cyclic temperature change of 32–36°C with a period of 2 or 4 h in the reactor. Volume changes of the gel brought periodic changes of its structure that accelerated dissolved oxygen transfer and concentrated ammonium into, and as a result, promoted nitrification compared with that at constant temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 681–686, 2007