Synergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite in combination with metal oxides on the fire safety enhancement of intumescent flame-retarded epoxy resins

Synergistic effects of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) in combination with different metal oxides (Bi₂O₃, Sb₂O₃, and MoO₃) on the fire safety enhancement of the intumescent flame-retarded epoxy resins (EPs) were systematically evaluated. The results from X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses show that the OMMT and metal oxides acquire a uniform distribution in the EP matrix, and OMMT platelets exhibit a fully exfoliated state. The flammability and thermogravimetry (TG) tests show that the intumescent flame retardant (IFR)-OMMT-metal oxide ternary system can endow EPs with the higher synergistic efficiencies on the enhancement of flame retardancy, smoke suppression properties, and charring ability compared to those of IFR or IFR-OMMT system, and the synergistic efficiency is the following order: IFR/OMMT/Sb₂O₃ > IFR/OMMT/MoO₃ > IFR/OMMT/Bi₂O₃. In particular, the sample, filled with 1.5 wt% OMMT, 1.5 wt% Sb₂O₃, and 27 wt% IFR, passes the UL94 V-0 rating and acquires the highest limiting oxygen index value of 28.5% among the samples. The IFR-OMMT-metal oxide ternary system exerts a better synergistic effect on the generation of crosslinking and aromatic structures that supply the excellent charring effect and barrier effect for the EPs, and the synergistic efficiency of IFR-OMMT-metal oxide ternary system is varied with the types of metal oxides.     

"三全育人"理念下高职学生职业素养培育路径研究

通过解析高职学生职业素养的构成要素,分析高职学生职业素养的现状问题,有针对性地探索基于"三全育人"理念的高职学生职业素养培育路径,创新高职学生职业素养的培育模式、工作机制和培养方案,从而推动高职学生职业素养的整体提升.     

基于移动互联的继电保护移动作业平台设计

文章利用移动互联技术,通过搭建"移动终端-主站"软硬件平台,将传统继电保护作业中涉及的文本编辑、业务流转、作业审核、安全监督、资料整理等作业环节进行数字化改造,通过开发作业文本管理模块、安措票管理模块、设备检修缺陷管理模块,实现移动作业终端与现场作业的无缝衔接.继电保护从业人员可通过主站联动方式,提升继电保护作业的工作效率和智能化水平.     

终轧温度和卷取温度对51CrV4热轧板组织性能的影响研究

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、Z150电子拉伸试验机分析了不同终轧温度、卷取温度下51CrV4热轧板的显微组织和力学性能。     

Functionalized metal–organic frameworks with strong acidity and hydrophobicity as an efficient catalyst for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

In the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(HMF), in situ produced water weakens the acid strength of the catalyst and causes the rehydration of HMF, causing unsatisfactory catalytic activity and selectivity. In this work, a class of benzenesulfonic acid-grafted metal–organic frameworks with strong acidity and hydrophobicity is obtained by the direct sulfonation method using 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid as sulfonating agent. The resultant MOFs have a specific surface area of greater than 250 m~2·g~(-1), acid density above 1.0 mmol·g~(-1), and water contact angle up to 129°. The hydrophobic MOF-Ph SO_3 H exhibits both higher catalytic activity and selectivity than MOF-SO_3 H in the HMF synthesis due to its better hydrophobicity and olephilicity. Moreover, the catalyst has a high recycled stability. At last, fructose is completely converted, and 98.0% yield of HMF is obtained under 120 °C in a DMSO solvent system. The successful preparation of the hydrophobic acidic MOF provides a novel hydrophobic catalyst for the synthesis of HMF.     

生物基异山梨醇改性磺酸盐水性聚氨酯的制备及性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为主要原料,以自制的含磺酸基的低聚物聚酯二元醇(SO3-2OH)为亲水单体,二羟甲基丁酸(DMPA)作为亲水扩链剂,合成了含磺酸基的聚氨酯预聚物,再采用生物基二元醇──异山梨醇(IS)对其进行改性,制备了可紫外光固化的异山梨醇改性磺酸盐水性聚氨酯(UV-SIWPU)乳液.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、紫外可见近红外分光光度计(UV-VIS-NIR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、光学接触角测量仪(OCA)等仪器对该乳液及其涂膜的结构、形貌和性能进行了分析.结果表明:当SO3-2OH含量为20％,IS含量为75％时,所制备的UV-SIWPU涂膜的综合性能优异:水接触角为23.2°,吸水率为11.6％,在水中浸泡7 d后不泛白、不脱落,耐水性较好,拉伸强度为6.5 MPa,断裂伸长率为253％,铅笔硬度达到2H,在550 nm处的透光率达到96.0％,热稳定性和防雾性能良好.     

Stretchable,Antifreezing, Non-Drying,and Fast-Response Sensors Based on Cellulose Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Signal Detection

Conductive hydrogels have received widespread attention in the applications of biosensors, human–machine interface, and health recording electrodes. Herein, the conductive hydrogels integrated with antifreezing, water retention, reusable, and sensing performances are fabricated by introducing polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose nanofibril, MXene nanosheets, and glycerol. The as-prepared hydrogels present prominent electrical conductivity (2.58 mS cm⁻¹) and flexibility even at −18 °C. In addition, the hydrogels have favorable water retention performance and can reuse after heating and cooling. When used as sensors, the hydrogels illustrate high sensitivity (gauge factor of 2.30), fast response time (0.165 s), wide working strain range (559%), favorable linearity (R² = 0.999), and wide operating temperature range (−18 to 60 °C). The hydrogels can detect not only large strains of 10–200%, but also small strains of 1–5%, making them promising candidates for wearable sensors to monitor large and subtle movements.     

低熔点Cu-P基中间合金及其变质效果

利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和金相显微镜等手段对Cu-P基中间合金进行了研究。结果表明，在二元共晶Cu-P中间合金中加入一定量的Sn可制成低熔点的Cu-16Sn-8P中间合金；在此基础上研制出一种熔点为630℃左右的低熔点的多元Cu-P基中间合金。与Cu-P中间合金相比，该低熔点多元Cu-P基中间合金对过共晶AI-24Si合金具有更好的变质效果。同时，该中间合金对ZL109合金也具有良好的变质效果。     

Ce对过共晶Al—Si合金熔体粘滞性和结构的影响

研究了Ce对Al—16％Si合金熔体粘滞性的影响。结果表明：Ce的加入增加了合金熔体的粘度，且随着Ce含量的增加粘度值也增加。结合加入Ce的Al—16％Si合金氢含量的变化、凝固组织和DSC曲线研究了熔体结构的变化，分析了粘度与液态结构变化之间的关系。