One-and–a-half years since the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident,Japan has learned nothing: resumption of nuclear operations

Japan's prime minister decided on the resumption of nuclear power plant operations. Following an accident at Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant in March 2011, it has not been clarified where melted-down fuel rods leaked to and what their current status is. Nevertheless, Japan is going to resume nuclear plant operations. This paper summarizes the progress in handling the accident during the past one-and–a-half years, analyzes the status of nuclear plants in Japan and presents scientific views on the resumption of their operations.     

A multi‐emitter fitting algorithm for potential live cell super‐resolution imaging over a wide range of molecular densities

Multi‐emitter fitting algorithms have been developed to improve the temporal resolution of single‐molecule switching nanoscopy, but the molecular density range they can analyse is narrow and the computation required is intensive, significantly limiting their practical application. Here, we propose a computationally fast method, wedged template matching (WTM), an algorithm that uses a template matching technique to localise molecules at any overlapping molecular density from sparse to ultrahigh density with subdiffraction resolution. WTM achieves the localization of overlapping molecules at densities up to 600 molecules μm^–2 with a high detection sensitivity and fast computational speed. WTM also shows localization precision comparable with that of DAOSTORM (an algorithm for high‐density super‐resolution microscopy), at densities up to 20 molecules μm^–2, and better than DAOSTORM at higher molecular densities. The application of WTM to a high‐density biological sample image demonstrated that it resolved protein dynamics from live cell images with subdiffraction resolution and a temporal resolution of several hundred milliseconds or less through a significant reduction in the number of camera images required for a high‐density reconstruction. WTM algorithm is a computationally fast, multi‐emitter fitting algorithm that can analyse over a wide range of molecular densities. The algorithm is available through the website. https://doi.org/10.17632/bf3z6xpn5j.1     

Relationship between the Local Structures of Titanium Oxide Photocatalysts and Their Reactivities in the NO Decomposition

The photocatalysts included titanium oxide were prepared by ion-exchange method and impregnating method, in which zeolites of different Si/Al ratios were used as supporters. Those photocatalysts by an ionexchange method in zeolite of low Si/Al ratio, exhibited high and unique photocatalytic reactivity for the direct decomposition of NO into N2, N2O and O2 at 275K. In situ photoluminescence, diffuse reflectance absorption,XAFS investigations indicated that the titanium oxide species are highly dispersed within the zeolite and exist in tetrahedral coordination when the titanium oxide species anchored in the zeolite of low Si/Al ratio. The charge transfer excited state of the highly dispersed titanium oxide species play a significant role in the decomposition of NO exhibrting a high selectivity for the formation of N2, while the catalysts involving the aggregated octahedrally coordinated titanium oxide species show a high selectivity to produce NiO, being similar to reactions on the powdered TiO2 catalysts.     

交通荷载引起的钢箱梁桥振动辐射瞬态噪声评估

交通荷载引起的桥梁振动辐射低频噪声严重危害居民的身体健康和生存环境,正确把握桥梁振动噪声辐射机理和准确预测声压水平,对评价及降低环境噪声污染具有重要现实意义.结合车桥耦合振动理论和声传播理论,建立了桥梁振动辐射瞬态噪声的有限元-边界元混合求解体系.结合一座三跨钢连续梁桥,对交通荷载作用下桥梁振动产生的瞬态噪声声场特性进行了实验分析和数值模拟.分析结果表明,该方法能够同时反映声场在时域和频域的分布规律,可全面评估车桥振动辐射噪声的声压水平和声场特性,并具有较好的精度.算例中的下承式钢箱梁桥由于桥面板刚度小,声辐射面大,在车辆荷载作用下辐射噪声水平较高,噪声主要由桥面板振动引起.车辆入桥及出桥时的冲击作用只影响桥梁支座附近的声场.桥面附近等高线形状基本为圆弧形,桥面中心线附近的声压大于横断面两侧.     

Activity and Mobility of Water in Sweetened Concentrated Desludged Soy Beverages and Their Rheological Properties

Intermediate moisture soy-sugar concentrates were formulated with dehulled, blanched, ground and desludged soybeans. The influence of specific sugar, sugar content and soy solids content on the activity, and NMR mobility of the water and the rheological properties of the model systems were determined. Both activity and mobility of water Were strongly influenced by the moisture content but not by the soy solids content. Interactions between added sugar and soy solids contents limited the lowest water activity achievable. All samples showed non-Newtonian behavior. The consistency coefficient was influenced by the soy content, moisture content, specific sweetener, polymer-to-solute ratio and temperature. Flow behavior index was strongly influenced by soy solids contents but not by specific sweetner and temperature.     

平面火焰微燃烧器及其温差热电转换系统

提出了一种厘米级别的平面火焰微燃烧器及其温差热电转换系统原理,即燃料氧化剂混合气相向穿过两块平行布置烧结多孔平板并在其表面形成稳定的火焰,实现燃烧器壁面温度远低于火焰温度的目的;进行燃烧器和微发电系统原型性能实验.在燃烧器烟气通道外壁面布置高导热系数薄匀热片能够有效改善热电模块热端温度场均匀性,从而提高系统安全性和输出性能.在燃烧燃料当量比(甲烷/空气)φ=0.6时,火焰温度高于800℃,壁面温度低于200℃,水冷条件下,商用碲化铋(Bi2Te3)热电模块热端150℃,系统可以获得8 V开路电压和1 W以上稳定输出功率,系统综合效率达1.6%.     

Development of Flexible Piezoelectric Strain Sensor Array

In this paper, we present a novel flexible sensor array manufacturing process that involves transfer printing methods using a chip mounter with a vacuum collet. We successfully transfer‐printed continuously very fragile microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)‐based 5‐mm‐long, 1‐mm‐wide, 5‐μm‐thick high‐aspect‐ratio ultrathin PZT (1.9 μm)/Si (3 μm) strain sensors onto a polyimide based flexible printed‐circuit (FPC) substrate with etched Cu wiring. Then, we connected the sensors to the Cu wiring by printing insulating and conductive pastes using a screen printer. The output voltage based on the deformation behavior of the test plate was generated from the flexible piezoelectric strain sensor array attached to the plate. Therefore, the developed piezoelectric sensor array is capable of easily performing the distribution measurement of the strain leading to damage such as cracks.