芳纶纤维表面改性及其对芳纶纸力学性能的影响

利用氯磺酸、醋酸酐对芳纶短切纤维进行了改性处理,再用处理后的纤维配抄芳纶纸,探讨了处理工艺对芳纶纸力学性能的影响.结果表明,当氯磺酸浓度为2%,处理时间为10min,处理温度为50℃时,芳纶纸的力学性能较好.用100%的醋酸酐对芳纶纤维进行处理然后配抄成纸,所得纸张的抗张指数和撕裂指数分别提高了63.8%和21.4%.另外,芳纶纤维经过醋酸酐浸泡1min后再用甲醇处理3min,芳纶纸的抗张指数和撕裂指数分别提高了84.7%和38.4%.     

MD5散列算法的研究

借鉴了M.M.J.Stevens的碰撞思路,重新编写了MD5碰撞算法中的核心循环,主要提供一对MD5碰撞产生的过程以及碰撞的完成。通过实验统计分析,利用改进的MD5碰撞算法找到一对碰撞信息所用平均时间不多于60s,且该算法较之传统的MD5碰撞算法具有更好的可读性和可移植性。     

Atmospheric CO2 retrieval with a look-up-table based method by combining near and thermal infrared spectra

In order to precisely retrieve the atmospheric CO2 , a retrieval method based on both near infrared （NIR） and thermal infrared （TIR） is established firstly. Then a look-up-table （LUT） based fast line-by-line radiative transfer model （RTM） was integrated into the retrieval procedure to accelerate radiative transfer calculations. The LUT stores gas absorption cross-sections as a function of temperature, pressure and wavenumber. It could greatly reduce calculating time in radiative transfer compared to direct line-by-line method. Then retrieval was simulated using NIR, TIR and both bands. The retrieved CO2 profiles suggest joint approach could reconstruct CO2 profile better than those using NIR or TIR alone. Joint retrieval using both bands simultaneously could provide better constrain to CO2 vertical distribution in the whole troposphere.     

双水相萃取的应用研究进展

双水相萃取是一种新型的用于提取、分离、纯化的技术,目前的研究证明双水相萃取已经应用于生物分子分离、污水处理、贵金属分离、生物合成、检测等方面,而且由于其本身的易于扩大,成本低、快速、高效等优势,应用前景会更加广阔。     

沉积参数对二氧化钛薄膜结构相变的影响

用磁控溅射的方法在硅衬底上制备了二氧化钛薄膜,并通过改变薄膜沉积过程中氧气含量、溅射时间、工作压强、衬底温度等溅射参数,制备了系列薄膜样品,得到了二氧化钛薄膜两种相结构的最佳生成条件.研究表明:较高的工作压强有利于金红石结构的生成;衬底加热、增加沉积时间有利于生成锐钛矿结构;氧气含量的变化对薄膜的相结构没有明显影响.     

平板太阳能空气集热器热性能的实验研究

设计了一种太阳能空气集热器,对其热性能进行了实验研究。通过实验,分析了冬季3个典型日的集热效率和空气流量、进出口温度、太阳辐射强度间的关系。结果表明,出口温度随太阳辐射强度的增加而增加,集热效率随着空气流量的增大而增大。同时给出了太阳能空气集热器的效率方程。     

Direct reduction of carburized pre-reduced pellets by microwave heating简

A new iron-making process using carburized pre-reduced iron ore pellets and microwave heating is investigated. The pre-reduced pellets, with a porous structure, and fine particles are carburized homogeneously at 400-650 ℃ in a CO atmosphere. The carburized carbon not only acts reaction as a reduction agent, but also absorbs microwave in the reduction process. Hence, the carburized pre-reduced pellets can be rapidly reduced by microwave heating. There are three procedures involved in the process, namely, gas-based pre-reduction, low-temperatttre carburization and deep reduction by microwave heating. Carburized pre-reduced iron ore pellets show a rapid temperature rise that is twice as fast as the results for pre-reduced pellets in the laboratory. This not only improves the efficiency of the microwave heating, but also accelerates the reduction of iron oxides. The temperature of the pre-reduced pellets rises to 1050 ℃ in 45 min when the carburization rate is 2.02%, and the metallization rate and compressive strength reach 94.24% and 1725 N/pellet, respectively.     

Finite difference method for dynamic response analysis of anchorage system简

Based on some assumptions, the dynamic analysis model of anchorage system is established. The dynamic governing equation is expressed as finite difference format and programmed by using MATLAB language. Compared with theoretical method, the finite difference method has been verified to be feasible by a case study. It is found that under seismic loading, the dynamic response of anchorage system is synchronously fluctuated with the seismic vibration. The change of displacement amplitude of material points is slight, and comparatively speaking, the displacement amplitude of the outside point is a little larger than that of the inside point, which shows amplification effect of surface. While the axial force amplitude transforms considerably from the inside to the outside. It increases first and reaches the peak value in the intersection between the anchoring section and free section, then decreases slowly in the free section. When considering damping effect of anchorage system, the finite difference method can reflect the time attenuation characteristic better, and the calculating result would be safer and more reasonable than the dynamic steady-state theoretical method. What is more, the finite difference method can be applied to the dynamic response analysis of harmonic and seismic random vibration for all kinds of anchor, and hence has a broad application prospect.     

鳙鱼鱼鳞盐酸脱钙工艺及动力学研究

鱼鳞脱钙是从鱼鳞中提取胶原蛋白的重要的前处理过程。以鳙鱼鱼鳞为对象、盐酸溶液为脱钙剂、羟基磷酸钙消耗速率为目标,采用单因素实验方法分别考察了反应时间、羟基磷酸钙浓度、盐酸溶液浓度和反应温度对羟基磷酸钙消耗速率的影响并确定了最佳工艺条件分别为40 min、0.017 4 mol·L-1、0.5 mol·L-1和20℃。在最佳工艺条件下,羟基磷酸钙消耗速率为3.744 9×10-4mol·L-1·min-1,相应的脱钙率为86.20%。建立了盐酸脱钙的动力学方程,模型反映了羟基磷酸钙消耗速率随羟基磷酸钙浓度、盐酸溶液浓度与温度的变化关系,其理论值与实验值基本吻合,可用于过程调节、产品控制和预测不同条件下羟基磷酸钙的反应消耗速率。     

煤化学链燃烧颗粒流动反应的数值模拟

针对化学链燃烧气固反应速率的影响因素复杂未知的问题,本文建立了碳粒与CaSO4载氧体颗粒在水蒸气气氛下的数理模型,并利用Fluent进行数值计算,从微观上分析了温度和压力的改变,对颗粒间化学链燃烧反应速率、CO2生成速率以及载氧体表面固相生成物沉积速率的影响。分析结果表明,提高反应器内的温度和压力,均加快了CaSO4载氧体颗粒表面CaS的沉积速率,且压力的提高在很大程度上促进了沉积速率的增加,而沉积覆盖在载氧体表面上的CaS导致了反应速率的下降。该研究有利于高纯度CO2气体的捕集,从而达到减排的目的,对化学链反应速率的控制具有重要意义。