γ辐射降解法制备小分子水溶性壳聚糖

用γ辐射降解法成功制备了一系列小分子水溶性壳聚糖。研究了不同条件下γ射线对壳聚糖的降解效应以及吸收剂量对产物分子量和水溶性产物得率的影响,分析了不同预处理条件对辐射降解产额(Gd值)的影响,并对壳聚糖辐射降解的机理进行了初步探讨。所得产物用凝胶渗透色谱(Gel permeation chromatography, GPC)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,FT-IR)、紫外-可见光谱(Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry,UV-VIS)等手段进行了表征分析。结果表明,壳聚糖在降解过程中不但分子量显著减少, 而且化学结构发生了明显变化,·OH自由基在壳聚糖辐射降解过程中起着至关重要的作用。     

A general fan-beam reconstruction algorithm for free-form trajectories

In this paper we develop a general exact fan-beam reconstruction algorithm for free-form trajectories not only closed but also unclosed, based on the fan-beam reconstruction formula recently developed by Noo et al.. A mathematical proof is then provided with the geometrical explanation of equi-spatial detectors. With this algorithm we can obtain exact region of interest (ROI) reconstruction if and only if every projecting line passing through the ROI intersects the free-form source trajectory, when the projections are not truncated. Furthermore, under the condition that the source-to-detectors distance changes slowly enough relative to the length itself, we obtain a very good approximate reconstruction algorithm, which is the same as the algorithm of the circular trajectory except that the source-to-detectors distance is a function of the rotation angle. Then the algorithms are tested using the Shepp-Logan phantom and the experiment shows that the algorithms can get perfect numerical results.     

一种基于偏序排名的高效的多目标演化算法

利用 Better函数对多目标优化问题 (MOP)建立了一种偏序关系 ,并通过这种偏序关系对种群中的个体进行排名 ,设计了一种高效的多目标演化算法 (EMOEA) ,应用有限 Markov链的有关理论证明了此演化算法的收敛性 ,同时对四个 Benchmark函数进行了数值试验 ,测试结果表明 ,新算法在解集分布的均匀性、多样性、精确性以及快速收敛性均优于已有的 MOEA.将此算法推广用于求解经济领域或工程领域的一些难题 ,则在实际中具有广阔的应用前景     

碳酸锂在131I治疗Graves病中的应用

简要评述了碳酸锂对甲状腺摄碘率、甲状腺体积、甲状腺激素等的影响以及临床应用的适用范围.锂离子可以增加131I在甲状腺的停留时间,减少1311用量并提高治疗效果.同时,碳酸锂有抑制甲状腺合成、释放甲状腺激素的作用,可望通过服用碳酸锂减轻131I治疗后由于甲状腺激素水平升高引起的症状和体征.另外,由于碳酸锂有一定的升白细胞作用,因此碳酸锂与131I联合应用治疗Graves病(GD)有一定的适应症.     

反铁电晶体结构相变的新研究

在反铁电晶体由顺电相至反铁电相的结构相变中,对称性所属点群也随之发生相应的改变.通过理论研究和对实验模型的分析,我们认为选择反极化参量P或子晶格的极化矢量PA、PB作为反铁电相的序参量是不合适的.本文提出选用轴矢量R作为序参量来描述反铁电相变中对称性的变化.     

连铸小方坯表面横裂的控制

根据安钢第一炼轧厂近几年的连铸生产实践，系统分析了连铸小方坯发生横裂的原因，其影响因素主要有振动参数，二次冷却、拉速、保护渣的性能及操作因素。通过采取相应的措施，使方坯横裂废品率降到较低水平。     

铜及铜合金中铅的形态与热加工

文章描述了铅在双相铜合金中的存在形态及在热加工过程中的变化形为。讨论了含铅双相铜合金的热加工过程产生"热脆"的机理,为合理地选择和制定热加工工艺提出了相应的措施。     

同杆多回线序分量法的推广

同杆并架多回线是未来发展的趋势。在研究同杆2回线和4回线的基础上,提出了一种用序分量解决同杆n(n=2、3、4)回线的通用方法。该方法使用矩阵变换对n回线进行解耦,形成相互独立的3n个序分量,并根据这3n个序分量的特点,给出了线路发生故障时的各序分量图。该推广方法的提出,为同杆多回线的故障计算提供一种分析方法。理论分析表明了该通用方法的正确性     

微型硬盘抗冲击振动主动控制系统的研究

在分析微型盘主动隔振系统的机电动力学模型基础上，提出了一种利用电磁作驱动器的冲击振动主动控制解决方案，设计并研制了一套实验装置，实验结果表明，该实验装置可以兼顾振动与冲击控制，具有较宽的频率响应范围，可以明显提高微型盘抗冲减振性能。     

A practical image reconstruction and processing method for symmetrically off-center detector CBCT system

CBCT scanners have been widely used in angiography, radiotherapy guidance, mammography and oral maxillofacial imaging. To cut detector size, reduce manufacturing costs and radiation dose while keeping a reasonable FOV, the flat panel detector can be placed off-center horizontally. This scanning configuration extends the FOV effectively. However, each projection is transversely truncated, bringing errors and artifacts in reconstruction. In this paper, a simple but practical method is proposed for this scanning geometry based on truncation compensation and the modified FDK algorithm. Numerical simulations with jaw phantom were conducted to evaluate the accuracy and practicability of the proposed method. A novel CBCT system for maxillofacial imaging is used for clinical test, which is equipped with an off-center small size flat panel detector. Results show that reconstruction accuracy is acceptable for clinical use, and the image quality appears sufficient for specific diagnostic requirements. It provides a novel solution for clinical CBCT system, in order to reduce radiation dose and manufacturing cost.