Decomposition of Mullite by Silica Volatilization

Thermal decomposition of mullite into corundum was investigated using a high-temperature X-ray single-crystal camera equipped with a gas-flame furnace and by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). When heated to ∼1750°C, mullite decomposed to corundum by the liberation of the SiO₂ component with topotaxial relations of:

• (1) 

  (310)_mull∥(001)_cor; [001]_mull∥[110]_cor
• (2) 

  (130)_mull∥(001)_cor; [001]_mull∥[110]_cor
• (3) 

  (110)_mull∥(001)_cor; [001]_mull∥[110]_cor

Thus, it was considered that, when mullite decomposed into corundum, their oxygen close-packed planes were almost preserved. The SEM photographs showed that the crystals of the developed corundum are prismatic and ∼5 μm wide. The EPMA showed that the phase boundary between mullite and developed corundum is discontinuous.     

双束（H+/e-）辐照下氢对12Cr-ODS铁素体钢组织损伤影响研究

利用氢离子（H⁺）束和电子（e^-）束双束（H⁺/e^-）同时辐照用化学浸润法制备的新型12Cr-ODS铁素体钢,研究其辐照损伤效应及组织变化。实验结果表明：由于氧化物的钉扎,基体内保持低密度位错网络;辐照初期随辐照剂量的增加,缺陷团在位错线上及其周围形成,尺寸增加,密度不断增大,并形成间隙型位错环;不同温度下辐照均产生小尺寸高密度的空洞,随辐照剂量的增大,空洞长大速度降低,空洞密度缓慢减小;不同温度下,辐照剂量达15dpa时,空洞肿胀均小于0.15%。对辐照产生的点缺陷与氢相互作用进行理论分析,12Cr-ODS铁素体钢在623~823K经双束辐照后,表现出良好的抗辐照损伤性。     

A SPECIFIC QUALITATIVE DETECTION METHOD FOR PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA) IN FOODS USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

A qualitative method for detection of peanuts in foods using polymerase chain reaction was developed. A universal primer pair CP 03‐5′/CP 03‐3′ was designed to confirm the validity of the DNAs for PCR. The plant‐specific amplified fragments were detected from 13 kinds of plants using the universal primer pair. In addition, for the specific detection of peanuts with high sensitivity, the primer pair agg 04‐5′/agg 05‐3′ was designed to detect the gene encoding the peanut agglutinin precursor. The primer pair specifically generates a 95‐bp amplified fragment from peanut genomic DNA. Five hundred femto grams of peanut genomic DNA can be detected using the established method. The same qualitative results were obtained from both model processed and nonprocessed food samples containing 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1% of peanut. Moreover, it was shown that the trace amount of peanut in the commercial food products could be qualitatively detected using this method. The reproducibility and applicability of the proposed methods were verified in a six‐laboratory collaborative study.     

Finite spectrum assignment of linear systems with a class of non-commensurate delays

This paper is concerned with finite spectrum assignment of linear systems with non-commensurate delays. It is proved that if a feedforward pass between states variables does not have multi non-commensurate delays in parallel but only one or no delay in series, then the system is finite spectrum assignable even though the feedback pass has multi non-commensurate delays in parallel.     

Oxygen gas sorption of Mn(II) complex salts of ethylene ionomer with various organic amines

Manganese(II) (Mn(II)) complex salts of poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) were produced from a precursor Mn(II) salt of EMAA and eight different kinds of organic amines, and their oxygen-gas (O2) sorption behavior was investigated using visible absorption and infrared spectroscopies. It was found that the Mn(II) complex salts exhibit a selective O2 sorption during ageing at room temperature in air and release sorbed O2 molecules from ionic aggregates of the Mn(II) complex ions above 343 K in vacuo. From these results, the relationship between the O2 sorption behaviour and the chemical structure of amines is discussed.     

ICRF Experiments and GAMMA 10 Potential Formation on the Tandem Mirror

Target plasmas, on which the formation of the electrostatic potentials and the improvement of the confinement are studied, are produced with ICRF in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror. The ion temperature of more than 10 keV has been achieved in relatively low density plasmas. When the strong ICRF heating is applied, it is observed that the high frequency and the low frequency fluctuations are excited and suppress the increase of the plasma parameters. Recently, a new high power gyrotron system has been constructed and the ECRH power in plug extends up to 370 kW. The improvement of the confinement due to the formation of the potential in the axial direction and the strong radial electric field shear has been observed.     

沈阳奥林匹克体育中心体育场创意设计

沈阳奥林匹克中心体育场设计以"月桂树之冠"为寓意主题,充分体现"绿色、科技、人文"奥运的宗旨,意在创造一座与环境共生的生态型体育场。     

Development of –1 MV DC Filter and High‐Voltage DC Measurement Systems for ITER NBI

This paper presents the development results of a ?1 MV dc filter and dc measurement systems for an ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) neutral beam injector (NBI) system. High accuracy of 0.5% and fast responsivity of 3.3 μs, ?3 dB are required for the dc measurement systems: both dc voltage dividers and DCCTs. Circuit design and thermal flow design were carried out to clarify and minimize their effects on the accuracy and responsivity. The validity of the established design was demonstrated by the actual‐product tests; temperature rise of each components fell below the allowable value; inner components of dc filter withstood dc ?1.2 MV; each voltage divider accurately measured the voltage during the dc ?1.2 MV withstand voltage test; the voltage dividers and the DCCTs were adequate to the requirements of responsivity (3.3 μs, ?3 dB).     

A Study of the Commercial Frequency Component and Doubled Component on the dc Side of Three‐Phase Rectifiers and Their Influence on Electric Railways

This paper discusses nontheoretical harmonics on the dc‐side of a 12‐pulse rectifier in dc railway systems. These harmonics are the commercial frequency component and the doubled component. The causes of these harmonics are (a) diode forward voltage drop difference, (b) transformer secondary inductance difference, (c) voltage harmonics at the ac‐side of the rectifier, and (d) effects of the voltage induced by adjacent high‐voltage power transmission lines. We evaluated cases (a), (b), and (c), as case (d) has been previously studied 4 . The results of the evaluation were as follows: · The effects of both the transformer secondary inductance difference and the voltage harmonics inside the electric power system are not negligible in some cases in the discussion of the EMC problem among railway equipments. · If there are several traction circuits in parallel, each of which consists of an input filter, an inverter, and several traction motors, the harmonic reduction effect of the filters weakens significantly.