Precise observation of C. elegans dynamic behaviours under controlled thermal stimulus using a mobile phone–based microscope

We investigated the temperature‐dependent locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans by using the mobile phone–based microscope. We developed the customized imaging system with mini incubator and smartphone to effectively control the thermal stimulation for precisely observing the temperature‐dependent locomotory behaviours of C. elegans. Using the mobile phone–based microscope, we successfully followed the long‐term progress of specimens of C. elegans in real time as they hatched and explored their temperature‐dependent locomotory behaviour. We are convinced that the mobile phone–based microscope is a useful device for real time and long‐term observations of biological samples during incubation, and can make it possible to carry out live observations via wireless communications regardless of location. In addition, this microscope has the potential for widespread use owing to its low cost and compact design.     

二等奖岛岛

我们把注意力投向了“自然意志”之间悖论性的循环机制,在这种机制下从jungrang溪冲积下来的淤沙创造了岛屿,而人们为了控制洪水不断努力地清理着这些淤泥。我们同时无意间揭示了一个事实,疏清出来的淤泥被归为一种“工业废弃物”。我们希望做的是利用这种由溪流不断提供的将汉江与首尔之城重新联系的自然资源。虽然我们始自虚无,希冀的却是那无穷的扩展。我们相信自己在这个项目的场地中所做的工作会扩展到超过其预期的尺度。     

Neuro-fuzzy control of complex manufacturing processes

A scheme for intelligent optimization and control of complex manufacturing processes is presented. The underlying nonlinear process is modelled by artificial neural networks and process control is performed by fuzzy logic. Fuzzy rules are automatically generated from the trained neural networks through a novel rule generation mechanism and fuzzy control is performed by Mamdani implication. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can provide a robust and accurate way of controlling complex processes without comprehensive models or knowledge about the process.     

Use of Glandless Cottonseed and Sunflower Seed Products in Batter/Breading for Fried Beef Patties

This study indicates that defatted glandless cottonseed flour (GCF) 01 sunflower seed protein isolate (SI) incorporated in the batter/breading system can impart their antioxidant effect to the meat of fried beef patties. Coarsely ground lean beef patties were coated consecutively with dry ingredient (wheat flour for control and 1:1 mixture of wheat flour-GCF or wheat flour-SI for experimental samples), batter made of 1 part of dry ingredient and 2 parts of water, and finally dry ingredient. Ground beef and dry ingredients each contained 1% salt. Use of GCF or SI in the coating mixes greatly reduced the thiobarbituric acid values of the meat when the coated patties were fried and stored at 4°C for 5 days.     

Physicochemical and Volatile Characterization of Structured Lipids from Olive Oil Produced in a Stirred-tank Batch Reactor

ABSTRACT: Structured lipid (SL) from conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) with olive oil was produced, and the physicochemical and volatile characterizations were investigated. In SL-olive oil, 21.8 mol% of CLA isomers were incorporated, and the removal of tocopherols (63% loss from original olive oil) and chlorophylls (50% loss) was observed. The distinct exothermal peaks observed became broader, and the position of the peak shifted to a lower temperature in SL-olive oil compared with normal olive oil. Reverse-phase (ODS column) high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light-scattering detection separated the newly synthesized SL-triacylglycerols (TAGs), in which the incorporation of CLA into olive oil increased the content of TAGs with partition number <48 from 9% (in olive oil) to 78% (SL-olive oil). Total amount of volatile compounds in SL-olive oil was smaller than those in olive oil, indicating removal of flavor compounds from olive oil occurred during the processes.     

Enhancement of Ferroelectric Properties of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Films Grown by Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition on Noble-Alloy Bottom Electrodes

Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT) films grown on Ir electrodes by a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) have suffered from high leakage and rough surface. We sputtered Pt and Ir simultaneously onto Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates and formed Ir-Pt alloy bottom electrodes with various compositions. With an optimal composition of Ir and Pt, PZT films grown by MOCVD on this substrate showed smoother surface and suppressed leakage via the bottom interface. At the specific composition of Ir and Pt, two different phases seemed to be acquired. They constituted the electrodes and affected the PZT grain nucleation independently so that the grains with different origins grew and restrained the vicinal grains, and finally soothed the faceted-grain-formation. No fatigue was observed even in PZT on Ir-Pt alloy with much Pt content.     

Investigation on Resistive Memory Switching Mechanism of NiO

ABSTRACT

Experimental investigations on the resistive memory switching in sub-micron sized NiO memory cell are presented to elucidate the resistive memory switching mechanism. The voltage or current-biased I-V measurements show that the resistive switching transitions can be regarded as the combination of a voltage-controlled negative differential resistance phenomenon and a current-controlled negative differential resistance phenomenon. Along with experimental observations of multiple resistance states, these indicate that the memory switching in NiO would come from the percolative formation and rupture of filamentary conducting paths. Pulse experiments further suggest that the memory switching would come from local domains inside filaments.     

Test Results for Leakage and Rotordynamic Coefficients of Floating Ring Seals in a High-Pressure,High-Speed Turbopump

Test results are presented for short floating ring seals (D = 53.0 mm, L/D = 0.15) using a smooth surface and a round-hole pattern defined as a damper floating ring seal (h/C_r = 3, γ = 0.34: the ratio of hole area to surface area) for supplied pressures of 3.0, 5.0, and 7.0 MPa, respectively, with the shaft operating speed up to 24,800 rpm. The measured data includes leakage, attitude angle, eccentricity ratio, and rotordynamic coefficients such as stiffness, damping, and inertia. When the floating ring seals are locked up, the eccentricity ratio of the smooth surface floating ring seal is lower than that of the damper floating ring seal. The attitude angle increases linearly with the operating speeds. The damping coefficients of the damper floating ring seal are higher than those of the floating ring seal. Whirl frequency ratios of the floating ring seal are lower than the damper floating ring seal with high eccentricity ratio at low operating speed range. The design parameters determined from these test results will be used for high-pressure and high-speed turbopump seals in a liquid rocket engine system.     

旋转浓缩-蓄热氧化法处理涂装废气的中试研究

用旋转浓缩-蓄热氧化(RC-RTO)系统对某车轮厂涂装废气进行了中试处理研究,以废气处理前后总挥发性有机物(T-VOCs)浓度及苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯浓度的变化为指标,考察了RC转速对吸附性能、RTO氧化效果的影响.结果表明,RC转速对吸附效果及进入RTO单元浓缩气体中VOCs浓度有较大的影响,RC转速过高或过低均不利于系统稳定高效的运行.系统在RC转速为3r/h的条件下连续运行1个月,期间系统不需外加能源即可维持热量平衡,且RC单元及RTO单元排气中5种VOC物质浓度均远低于国家规定的排放标准(GB16297-1996).     

Nomilin Acetyl-Lyase, a Bacterial Enzyme for Nomilin Debittering of Citrus Juices

Nomilin acetyl-lyase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of bitter nomilin to nonbitter obacunone was purified from cell-free extracts of Corynebacterium fuscians by (NH₄)₂SO₄ precipitation, followed by HPLC gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The electrophoretically pure preparation represented a 1050-fold increase in specific activity with a recovery of 38%. The enzyme, (MW 90,000) required sulfhydryl groups for its catalysis, had a pH optimum of 8.5, a K_m of 38.1 PM, and a V_max of 4.83 μmoles/min. Obacunone A-ring lactone hydrolase, which catalyzes the conversion of obacunone to obacunoate, was also purified from the extract by HPLC gel filtration.