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31.
Amr Almaddah Sadi Vural Yasushi Mae Kenichi Ohara Tatsuo Arai 《Machine Vision and Applications》2014,25(4):845-857
As part of the face recognition task in a robust security system, we propose a novel approach for the illumination recovery of faces with cast shadows and specularities. Given a single 2D face image, we relight the face object by extracting the nine spherical harmonic bases and the face spherical illumination coefficients by using the face spherical spaces properties. First, an illumination training database is generated by computing the properties of the spherical spaces out of face albedo and normal values estimated from 2D training images. The training database is then discriminately divided into two directions in terms of the illumination quality and light direction of each image. Based on the generated multi-level illumination discriminative training space, we analyze the target face pixels and compare them with the appropriate training subspace using pre-generated tiles. When designing the framework, practical real-time processing speed and small image size were considered. In contrast to other approaches, our technique requires neither 3D face models nor restricted illumination conditions for the training process. Furthermore, the proposed approach uses one single face image to estimate the face albedo and face spherical spaces. In this work, we also provide the results of a series of experiments performed on publicly available databases to show the significant improvements in the face recognition rates. 相似文献
32.
A -conjugated polymer, poly(pyridine-2,5-diyl) (PPy) was investigated as a support for CuCl2 in the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate by oxidative carbonylation of methanol. The PPy–CuCl2 adduct had high catalytic activity which was comparable to that of the homogeneous CuCl2 catalyst. The adduct caused corrosion of stainless-steel vessels only to minor extent, compared with the homogeneous CuCl2 catalyst. This PPy–CuCl2 catalyst was easily recycled by filtration and showed a similar catalytic activity in the third time use. The presence of the -conjugated system in PPy, through which electrons can move, may bring about the high catalytic activity for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol, which involves Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox processes. 相似文献
33.
Masahiro Tajima Miki Niwa Yasushi Fujii Yutaka Koinuma Reiji Aizawa Satoshi Kushiyama Satoru Kobayashi Koichi Mizuno Hideo Ohuˆchi 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》1997,12(4):1418
The decomposition of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the presence of water was examined over a variety of solid acid catalysts. The TiO2ZrO2 catalyst was found to have the highest activity and longest life among the catalysts examined. The activity of the TiO2ZrO2 catalysts depended upon the content of TiO2. At the contents of TiO2 from 58 to 90 mole%, the TiO2ZrO2 catalysts exhibited high activity, and these catalysts were proven to contain TiZrO4 crystal. From the study of the XRD peak intensity of the TiZrO4 crystal, it was highest on the TZ-58 which contained 58 mole% of TiO2, and decreased with increasing the content of TiO2. Furthermore, the conversion of CFC113 measured at 673 K was highest at TZ-58, and decreased gradually with increasing TiO2 content. Therefore, the TiZrO4 crystal influences the activity of decomposition of CFC113. However, the TiO2ZrO2 catalyst was gradually deactivated during the reaction due to the elimination of titanium atoms. A good relationship was found between the activity on TiO2ZrO2 catalyst and bond energy of CCl in the compounds of chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorocarbons, suggesting that the rate controlling step was the cleavage of CCl bond. 相似文献
34.
Antioxidant effects of chlorophyll and pheophytin on the autoxidation of oils in the dark. I. Comparison of the inhibitory effects 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yasushi Endo Richiro Usuki Takashi Kaneda 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1985,62(9):1375-1378
The effects of chlorophyll and pheophytin on the autoxidation of oils in the dark were investigated by oven tests. The results
indicated that both chlorophyll and pheophytin show antioxidant activity when methyl linoleate is used as substrate. Furthermore,
chlorophyll retarded the oxidative deterioration of triglycerides in rapeseed and soybean oils at 30 C. Among the four chlorophyll
derivatives (chlorophylls a and b and pheophytins a and b), chlorophyll a showed the strongest antioxidant activity. The antioxidant
effects of chlorophyll and pheophytin depended on the storage temperature and the kinds of oil used as substrate. 相似文献
35.
Yasushi Endo Sanae Hoshizaki Kenshiro Fujimoto 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(9):1041-1045
Thirteen synthetic triacylglycerols (TAG) containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were oxidized
in the presence of 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile) (AMVN) and 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH)
as aqueous and nonaqueous radical initiators to investigate the influence of TAG structure and oxidation system on the oxidative
stability of TAG that contain highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). A 2:1 (mol/mol) mixture of trieicosapentaenoylglycerol
and tripalmitoylglycerol was most susceptible to the AMVN-initiated oxidation among three types of TAG that contained EPA
and palmitic acid (2:1, mol/mol). Compared with 1,2 (or 2,3)-dieicosapentaenoyl-3(or 1)-palmitoylglycerol (EEP) and 1,3-dieicosapentaenoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol
(EPE), the oxidative rate of EEP was somewhat higher. A similar result was obtained for DHA-containing TAG. The oxidative
rate of TAG that contained EPA and palmitic acid (1:2, mol/mol) showed a positive correlation with the amount of EPA in a
single TAG molecule. Moreover, in the nonaqueous system, the oxidative rate of EPA-containing TAG was affected by unsaturation
and carbon chainlength of constituent fatty acids. In the AAPH-initiated oxidation in the aqueous system, the oxidative rate
of TAG with EPA and palmitic acid was higher with the increased quantity of EPA in a single TAG molecule. Also, constituent
fatty acids modified the oxidative rate of EPA-containing TAG in an aqueous system. The glycerol position of EPA and DHA also
affected the oxidative rate of the TAG. EPA and DHA located at the 1,2 (or 2,3)-position of glycerol were more oxidizable
than those at the 1,3-position during AAPH-initiated oxidation. Thus, 1,2(or2,3)-dipalmitoyl-3(or 1)-eicosapentaenoylglycerol
was oxidized faster than 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-eicosapentaenoylglycerol. These observations suggest that the oxidative stability
of TAG that contain HUFA could be modulated by the oxidation system and TAG structure. 相似文献
36.
Noboru Hashimoto Yasushi Sawada Takashi Bando Hiroyoshi Yoden Shigehito Deki 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1991,74(6):1282-1286
AIN powder was synthesized from aluminum polynuclear complexes. Basic aluminum chloride and basic aluminum lactate were used as the aluminum polynuclear complexes. These starting materials and glucose were dissolved in water and mixed homogeneously. AIN powder was obtained by calcining after drying and precalcining at 800°C under nitrogen gas flow. Then excess carbon was removed by firing in air. Nitridation in the system was investigated and compared with that in the alumina–carbon black system. It was found that in our reaction system nitridation began and proceeded at lower calcination temperatures above 1200°C than in the alumina–carbon black system. Using aluminum polynuclear complexes, AIN was synthesized through the nitridation of γ-alumina and produced in a very fine and sharp particle size distribution. 相似文献
37.
Tetsuto Kanzaki Yo Ishikawa Nobuhiro Morisaki Kohji Shirai Yasushi Saito Sho Yoshida 《Lipids》1987,22(10):704-710
Studies were done on changes in phospholipid content and fatty acid composition of phospholipids and on the role of the acylation
pathway in synthesis of phospholipids in the development of abnormal fatty acid composition in the glomeruli of rats 2 and
10 mo after induction of diabetes with streptozotocin. The proportions of individual phospholipids in the glomeruli of rats
were not changed 2 mo after induction of diabetes, but the proportion of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) decreased and that
of sphingomyelin increased 10 mo after induction of diabetes. In contrast, in liver the proportion of PE was increased and
that of phosphatidylcholine was decreased. These results showed that changes of individual phospholipids in glomeruli were
time-dependent and tissue-specific. Two mo after induction of diabetes, the main change in the phospholipid fatty acid composition
of diabetic glomeruli was a decrease in arachidonic acid (AA); the main change in serum free fatty acids (FFA) was an increase
in linoleic acid (LA) and a decrease in AA. Ten mo after induction of diabetes, the main changes in the phospholipid fatty
acid composition of glomeruli were an increase in LA and a decrease in AA; the main change of the serum FFA composition was
a decrease in AA. Thus, the fatty acid composition of glomerular phospholipids was not directly correlated to that of the
serum in diabetic rats. Acyl-CoA synthetase and acyltransferase activities increased in diabetic glomeruli with either AA
or LA as substrate, but activity toward LA increased more at 2 mo after induction of diabetes. Acyl-CoA synthetase activity
increased in diabetic glomeruli with LA as substrate, but that did not change with AA as substrate at 10 mo after induction
of diabetes. Furthermore, acyltransferase activity decreased in diabetic glomeruli with AA as substrate, although that did
not change with LA as substrate at 10 mo after induction of diabetes. 相似文献
38.
Retardation of volatile aldehyde formation in the exhaust of frying oil by heating under low oxygen atmospheres 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mariko?Fujisaki Yasushi?Endo Kenshiro?FujimotoEmail author 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2002,79(9):909-914
Volatile aldehydes were generated in the exhaust of high-oleic safflower oil during heating at 180°C by spraying water into
atmospheres with four levels of oxygen concentrations (2, 4, 10, and 20%). These aldehydes were quantitatively analyzed by
HPLC after the conversion to 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazones. Ten alkanals (C2 through C10), eight 2-alkenals (C3 through C10) and three 2,4-alkadienals (C7, C9, and C10) were found. These aldehyde levels were found to be positively correlated with both the heating time and the atmospheric
oxygen concentration. The total amounts of aldehydes were the lowest in the oil heated in an atmosphere with 2% O2, and corresponded to 1/10 of those in the atmosphere with 20% O2. Acrolein was not found in oils heated in the atmosphere with 2% oxygen. These results suggest that frying in atmospheres
with low oxygen levels can effectively decrease the generation of volatile aldehydes in the exhaust. 相似文献
39.
Yujiro Watanabe Yusuke Moriyoshi Yasushi Suetsugu Toshiyuki Ikoma Takeshi Kasama Tadashi Hashimoto Hirohisa Yamada Junzo Tanaka 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2004,87(7):1395-1397
Type-A zeolite evenly covered with hydroxyapatite thin layers was prepared using hydrothermal treatment at 120°C for 8 h under autogenous pressure. The hydroxyapatite needlelike nanocrystals, 100–200 nm in diameter and 30 nm in thickness, were grown under the reaction between discharged Ca2+ ions from type-A zeolite and PO4 3− ions in (NH4 )3 PO4 solution. The preferential orientations of the c -axis of hydroxyapatite crystals perpendicular to a zeolite surface were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The crystal structure of type-A zeolite was not destroyed under the reaction, but the surface morphology was changed only with complete covering of scaly hydroxyapatite particles. 相似文献
40.
Yasushi Endo Riichiro Usuki Takashi Kaneda 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1985,62(9):1387-1390
To understand the mechanism of the antioxidant effect of chlorophyll on the autoxidation of oils in the dark, antioxidant
activities of several derivatives of chlorophyll were compared. Antioxidant activities were observed in chlorophyll derivatives
such as protopor-phyrin methyl ester and its magnesium chelated compound. Porphyrin seems to be an essential chemical structure
for the antioxidant activity of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll did not decompose the hydroperoxides, but reduced free radicals such
as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. Electron spin resonance spectrum of the π-cation radical was recorded during the oxidation
of chlorophyll in methyl linoleate solution. These observations suggest that chlorophyll may act as a hydrogen donor to break
the chain reaction. 相似文献