Crosstalk between Growth and Osmoregulation of GHRH-SST-GH-IGF Axis in Triploid Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Smolting is an important development stage of salmonid, and an energy trade-off occurs between osmotic regulation and growth during smolting in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Growth hormone releasing hormone, somatostatin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (GHRH-SST-GH-IGF) axis exhibit pleiotropic effects in regulating growth and osmotic adaptation. Due to salmonid specific genome duplication, increased paralogs are identified in the ghrh-sst-gh-igf axis, however, their physiology in modulating osmoregulation has yet to be investigated. In this study, seven sst genes (sst1a, sst1b, sst2, sst3a, sst3b, sst5, sst6) were identified in trout. We further investigated the ghrh-sst-gh-igf axis of diploid and triploid trout in response to seawater challenge. Kidney sst (sst1b, sst2, sst5) and sstr (sstr1b1, sstr5a, sstr5b) expressions were changed (more than 2-fold increase (except for sstr5a with 1.99-fold increase) or less than 0.5-fold decrease) due to osmoregulation, suggesting a pleiotropic physiology of SSTs in modulating growth and smoltification. Triploid trout showed significantly down-regulated brain sstr1b1 and igfbp2a1 (p < 0.05), while diploid trout showed up-regulated brain igfbp1a1 (~2.61-fold, p = 0.057) and igfbp2a subtypes (~1.38-fold, p < 0.05), suggesting triploid trout exhibited a better acclimation to the seawater environment. The triploid trout showed up-regulated kidney igfbp5a subtypes (~6.62 and 7.25-fold, p = 0.099 and 0.078) and significantly down-regulated igfbp5b2 (~0.37-fold, p < 0.05), showing a conserved physiology of teleost IGFBP5a in regulating osmoregulation. The IGFBP6 subtypes are involved in energy and nutritional regulation. Distinctive igfbp6 subtypes patterns (p < 0.05) potentially indicated trout triggered energy redistribution in brain and kidney during osmoregulatory regulation. In conclusion, we showed that the GHRH-SST-GH-IGF axis exhibited pleiotropic effects in regulating growth and osmoregulatory regulation during trout smolting, which might provide new insights into seawater aquaculture of salmonid species.     

原水浊度与混凝剂最佳投量的匹配

本文在试验的基础上。推导了原水浊度与混凝剂最佳投量之间的关系。得到了潭江水泵用碱式氯化铝作混凝剂时的最佳投量与浊度之间的半经验关系A=1.1C~(0.40)(mg/l)。     

Gaussian process assisted coevolutionary estimation of distribution algorithm for computationally expensive problems

In order to reduce the computation of complex problems, a new surrogate-assisted estimation of distribution algorithm with Gaussian process was proposed. Coevolution was used in dual populations which evolved in parallel. The search space was projected into multiple subspaces and searched by sub-populations. Also, the whole space was exploited by the other population which exchanges information with the sub-populations. In order to make the evolutionary course efficient, multivariate Gaussian model and Gaussian mixture model were used in both populations separately to estimate the distribution of individuals and reproduce new generations. For the surrogate model, Gaussian process was combined with the algorithm which predicted variance of the predictions. The results on six benchmark functions show that the new algorithm performs better than other surrogate-model based algorithms and the computation complexity is only 10% of the original estimation of distribution algorithm.     

谐振式变换器电路结构分析

本文着重对电压源串联型谐振变换器的理论问题和电路结构作了分析，对电流源并联型谐振变换器也作了概略的介绍。     

基于高海拔地区的大气中子单粒子效应实时测量试验研究

开展65 nm高速大容量静态随机存取存储器（SRAM）大气中子单粒子效应特性及试验评价技术研究,基于4 300 m高海拔地区大面积器件阵列实时测量试验,突破效应甄别、智能远程测控等关键技术,在153 d的试验时间内共观测到错误43次,其中器件内单粒子翻转39次,多单元翻转（MCU）在单粒子翻转中占比23%,最大的MCU为9位。对高能中子、热中子和封装α粒子的贡献比例进行了分析,并基于多地中子通量数据,推演得到北京地面和10 km高空应用时的单位翻转（SBU）和MCU失效率（FIT）。发现地面处软错误的主要诱因为封装α粒子,随着海拔的增高,大气中子对软错误的贡献比例明显增大;MCU全部由高能中子引起,北京10 km高空处的MCU FIT值明显增大,其占比由地面的8%增大至26%。结合器件版图布局,对MCU产生机理进行了深入分析。最后,提出一种目标导向的存储器软错误加固策略优化方法。     

XRD测定炭素材料的石墨化度

介绍了用X射线衍射(XRD)测定炭素材料石墨化度的原理和方法,指出:用高纯硅粉作内标校准测量误差是必要的;当炭石墨的衍射线呈现不对称时,必须进行多重峰分离,这说明试样含有不同石墨化度的组分,同时可计算出它们相应的含量。     

光纤数据传输在束管监测系统中的应用

简要介绍了光纤数据传输技术在束管监测系统中的应用，描述了数据光端机的结构、原理等。     

Adaptive control of nonlinearly parameterized systems: the smooth feedback case

Studies global adaptive control of nonlinearly parameterized systems with uncontrollable linearization. Using a parameter separation technique and the tool of adding a power integrator, we develop a feedback domination design approach for the explicit construction of a smooth adaptive controller that solves the problem of global state regulation. In contrast to the existing results in the literature, a key feature of our adaptive regulator is its minimum-order property, namely, no matter how big the number of unknown parameters is, the order of the dynamic compensator is identical to one, and is therefore minimal. As a consequence, global state regulation of feedback linearizable systems with nonlinear parameterization is achieved by one-dimensional adaptive controllers, without imposing any extra (e.g., convex/concave) conditions on the unknown parameters.     

QoS-aware placement of stream processing service

Many emerging online stream processing services require the consideration of quality of service (QoS), which is highly dependent on the placement of services at various hosts. This paper investigates the QoS-aware placement problems of stream processing services under different contexts. On condition that the client demands are stable, the QoS-aware placement problem aiming to minimize the cost when servers are CPU-uncapacitated, is equivalent to the set cover problem, and can be solved by a greedy algorithm with approximation factor O(log?n), where n is the number of clients. However, when CPU capacity constraints on servers are taken into account, the QoS-aware placement problem cannot be approximated unless P=NP. Therefore, we propose two heuristic algorithms: (1) ISCA (Iterated Set Cover-based Algorithm) and (2) KBA (Knapsack-Based Algorithm). We also consider the placement problem of client demands increasing over time. Two objectives, called extension factor and system lifetime, are proposed for demand increment-blind and increment-aware models respectively. Both of them can be solved by extending ISCA and KBA. The experimental results show that ISCA and KBA have distinct effects on different demand sizes. ISCA is more efficient when client demands are relatively small, while KBA performs better for larger demands.     

基于设计模式的软件重用

针对软件重用。提出应用设计模式来记录软件设计知识。这可以使软件重用从构架重用提高到软件开发各阶段知识的重用。此外结合通用仓库／销售系统的实际对设计模式的用法进行了讨论。