Indices of the nutritional status of workers in the oil and gas production industry adapting to the extreme conditions of an arid zone

The authors studied actual nutrition and certain parameters of food (supply of vitamins A, E, C and the content of phospholipids, cholesterol, NEFA, triglycerides and cholesterol esters) for oil derrick installers working during summer at the "Mangyschlakneft" amalgamation. Incorrect structure of their nutrition and insufficient supply with vitamins A and C, revealed as the result of the study, necessitate rationalization of the nutrition for such workers.     

Development of materials specifications and emplacement procedures for backfilling nuclear fuel waste vaults

Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and Ontario Hydro are conducting a research program to assess the environmental impact and safety of the concept of disposal of nuclear fuel waste in an underground vault in plutonic rock of the Canadian Shield. The Vault Sealing Program, one of the components of the Nuclear Fuel Waste Management Program, is concerned with the development of materials specifications and emplacement procedures for backfilling the vault. Backfilling materials would surround the nuclear waste containers and fill all vault openings to minimize leaching and movement of radionuclides. This paper presents the procedure followed to select candidate backfill materials, the integration of mathematical modelling studies and physical testing for the definition of materials specifications, and the principal elements of the recommended handling and emplacement systems.     

The influence of environmental fluids and temperature on the cut-surface morphology of single-crystal silicon

Single-crystal (Cz) silicon wafers [(100) p-type] were cut in air, d6onked (DI) water and ethanol, at room temperature, 150 and 200°C by a diamond impregnated dicing wheel using a specially designed apparatus. The effects of environmental fluids and temperature on the cut surface morphology were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM investigation showed that gouging and ploughing is predominant when silicon is cut in DI water or ethanol. Debris size analysis showed that the mean diameter of the volume distribution (MV) of debris formed in ethanol at room temperature was 9.5 m while that formed in air was 1.3 m. The surface morphology is significantly different at 150 and 200° C as compared to room temperature, i.e. the width of individual wear tracks varied from 0,8 m for room temperature to 1.6 m for 200° C.     

Digital parallelism, perpendicularity, and rectangles

The slope of digital line segments is defined and an algorithm to evaluate it is presented. Parallelism and perpendicularity of two digital line segments are also defined. Finally, rectangular digital regions are defined and characterized, and an algorithm that determines whether or not a given digital region is a digital rectangle is presented.     

Corrosion behaviour of Ni-Zr-Ti-Si-Sn amorphous plasma spray coating

Ni₅₉Zr₂₀Ti₁₆Si₂Sn₃ amorphous material was deposited by a vacuum plasma spraying technique onto steel and copper substrates in order to investigate their behaviour in a corrosive environment. For comparison, the same alloy was prepared as amorphous ribbons by melt spinning. The amorphous nature of the coatings and ribbons was characterized by XRD, DSC and TEM, while XPS and AES analyses were performed to understand the origin of passivation and mode of corrosion. The corrosion behaviour of the coating was studied in H₂SO₄ and HCl solutions open to air at room temperature. Potentiodynamic polarisation and galvanic coupling tests were carried out on the substrate and the coating. It was found that the formation of Zr-, Ti- and Si-rich passive oxide layers provide a high corrosion resistance in H₂SO₄ solution while the breakdown of the passive layer by chloride ion adsorption was responsible for pitting corrosion of the Ni₅₉Zr₂₀Ti₁₆Si₂Sn₃ amorphous ribbons in HCl solution. Galvanic corrosion was the dominant corrosion mechanism for the coating/copper hybrid structure, in contrast to the Ni₅₉Zr₂₀Ti₁₆Si₂Sn₃ amorphous coating, which efficiently protected the steel substrate in the corrosive environment.     

三维微细电火花加工系统设计及实验研究

研究开发的三维微细电火花加工系统，包括微进给运动控制机构、高频微能脉冲电源、加工状态检测等关键环节。在工控机和相应板卡的硬件平台上，构建出基于Linux和RTLinux的数控系统，该系统对CAM的NC数据进行预处理，加入电极补偿和轨迹规划环节，从而实施三维微细结构样件的加工。     

Novel technology of purification of copper electrolyte

The effects of arsenic with different valence states on the purification of copper electrolyte were studied and a novel technology of purification of copper electrolyte by copper arsenite was proposed. The results show that the purification performance of As（Ⅲ） compounds is better than that of As（Ⅴ） compounds. The purification technology by copper arsenite has the advantages of simple operation, high purification performance and low cost in comparison with other technologies and its appropriate purification conditions are that copper arsenite concentration is 18 g/L, reaction temperature is 65 ℃ and reaction time is 8 h. The removal rates of Sb and Bi are 53.22% and 58.67% respectively under these conditions. The purification principle show that a kind of yellow precipitate mainly composed of arsenic, antimony （ Ⅴ ）, bismuth and oxygen forms in electrolyte after copper arsenite is added, and consequently antimony and bismuth are removed from electrolyte.     

粉末冶金TiAl合金排气门的研制

利用元素粉末冶金方法制备了TiAl合金排气阀。为提高排气门杆部的致密度、均匀度 ,设计了特有的径向热压工艺 ,并从理论上分析了与该工艺相关的压坯密度、致密化和应力变化规律。制备出高径比为 10 .7,密度为 3.79g/cm3 的粉末冶金TiAl合金汽车发动机排气门     

钙铝沉淀法除氯及沉淀再应用的研究进展

钙铝沉淀法去除水系中的氯离子因其原料价格低廉、毒性低,有良好的工业应用前景和推广价值.介绍了钙铝沉淀法去除氯离子的原理,总结了其研究进展,并对该法所得的沉淀剂的回收再利用进行归纳总结,以期为钙铝沉淀法除氯在工业装置中的实际应用提供相应的理论支持.     

利伐沙班的合成工艺改进及其对映异构体杂质的制备

改进了利伐沙班(1)的合成工艺.以4-(4-氨基苯基)-3-吗啉酮(2)为起始原料、与R-环氧氯丙烷(7)加成,再与N,N'-羰基二咪唑环合、与邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾(8)取代,然后在水合肼中水解,最后与5-氯噻吩-2-甲酰氯(9)经酰化反应制得利伐沙班成品,总收率达46.1％,产品纯度大于99.8％,最大单杂小于0.1％.为了控制1的质量,建立1原料药的质量标准,根据改进的工艺合成路线,将产品的e.e值提高到99％以上,制备了对映异构体杂质(有关物质A),并经MS和NMR确认结构.