大开口高承载网格加筋壳的设计与工艺

本文采用有限元法计算了承受高轴压和外压作用下的大开口复合材料纵横密加筋壳的稳定性，得出不同铺层角度、不同受力工况下的大开口圆柱壳的临界载荷，并采用1：1试验件进行试验验证，将计算值与实验值进行了比较；对大开口复合材料纵横密加筋壳的缠绕工艺进行了研究，解决了大开口网格加筋壳开口补强的一次成型技术和密筋及开口部分的多丝嘴、无增量、非线性机械化缠绕成型工艺技术。     

Catalytic Degradation of Nitrobenzene and Aniline in Presence of Ozone by Magnesia from Natural Mineral

In this work, magnesia from natural brucite mineral has been used firstly for catalytic degradation of nitrobenzene and aniline in presence of ozone. Compared with single ozonation, the catalytic ozonation accelerated markedly the degradation of nitrobenzene and aniline. The influences of hydroxyl radical scavengers, pH values, and reaction temperatures on degradation were investigated. It was found that the essential of catalysis was the homogeneous catalysis of hydroxyl ions in water, which accelerated the generation of hydroxyl radicals. As a catalyst, magnesia from natural brucite has supplied an economical and feasible choice for catalytic ozonation of nitrobenzene and aniline in industrial wastewater.     

Effects of additives on the electrodeposition of tin from an acidic Sn(II) bath

Additive effects of formaldehyde, propionaldehyde and benzaldehyde on the deposition of tin in acidic solution of tin(II) sulfate have been investigated. The effects of these additives on cathodic polarization and a.c. impedance was measured by galvanostatic or potentiostatic methods, respectively. The reduction products of the aldehyde during the deposition and the diffusion coefficient of Sn(II) in various solutions were also determined.     

两步法合成大粒径丁苯胶乳

研究了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）对丁苯（BS）胶乳的附聚作用以增大丁苯胶乳粒径；探讨了无机盐、体系pH值及体系中MMA胶乳与BS胶乳的固含量比（R值）对附聚后丁苯胶乳的粒径及稳定性的影响。结果表明：适当添加无机盐可以稳定胶乳体系，最佳用量（质量分数）为0．1％～0．2％；适当增大体系pH值，可增大胶乳粒径；在附聚过程中，当R值在两个附聚峰附近时，可增大丁苯胶乳的粒径。     

高效液相色谱法定量分析ω-腈基十一酸

ω-腈基十一酸(11-CUA)是ω-氨基十二酸(尼龙-12单体)的合成中间体，由1，1，一过氧化双环己胺(PXA)高温热解制得。本通过对比实验，确立了利用高效液相色谱法定量检测11-CUA在溶液中的含量及其纯品纯度的方法。并介绍了分析检测的相关条件。     

塑料管材用于干式地板供热、供冷的可行性研究

据塑料管材的力学性能，针对其应用于地板供热、供冷时应注意的问题，从塑料管材使用条件、管材的选择、管壁厚度的确定、地板结构、介质作用温度及供热、供冷运行方式等方面对塑料管材应用于供热、供冷的可行性进行了探讨，提出了一些相应措施和技术方案，并给出了实例。     

Ultrafiltration of Myoglobin using Surface-Sulfonated Polysulfone Hollow Fiber

The usage of ionic polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber for the ultrafiltration of protein was investigated. The surface of polysulfone hollow fiber was sulfonated through the Blanc chloromethylation reaction to become anionic. Characterization of the modified hollow fiber was performed including ion exchange titration, pure water permeation, and molecular sieving measurement. The performance of ultrafiltration of protein was evaluated using myoglobin at various pH values. The results show that the water contact angles and hydraulic resistance are markedly decreased, indicating that the surface-modified PSF hollow fibers are more hydrophilic. In addition, the retention of myoglobin depends on the pH of the solution. At a pH higher than the isoelectric point of myoglobin, both hollow fiber and the protein have the same charge sign, and both the flux of the solution and the retention are the highest. The sulfonated PSF hollow fiber may be used as a biomaterial for protein separation and purification.     

双电层电容器用多孔炭材料的研究与开发

阐述了双电层电容器的工作原理，探讨了多孔炭材料的比表面积、孔径分布、表面官能团、表面石墨微晶取向、体积密度和电导率以及电化学稳定性等微孔结构与物理化学性质对其电容特性的影响，介绍了近年来用作双电层电容器电极的几种新型多孔炭材料的研究进展。     

ZrO2增韧Al2O3／SiCnano复合陶瓷的力学性能及微结构

本文对Al_2O_3/SiC nano ZrO_2(3Y)复相陶瓷的力学性能和微结构进行了研究,探讨了ZrO_2(t)应力诱导相交增韧机制和纳米粒子增韧机制相互迭加的可能性。结果表明:适量的第二相纳米粒子ZrO_2(3Y)加入对材料的微结构有很大影响,同时对材料的力学性能的提高作出贡献。     

Rapid Formation of Active Mesoporous TiO2 Photocatalysts via Micelle in a Microwave Hydrothermal Process

Rapid formation of active, mesoporous, and crystalline TiO₂ photocatalysts via a novel microwave hydrothermal process is presented. Crystalline anatase mesoporous nanopowders 100–300 nm in size with worm hole-like pore sizes of 3–5 nm were prepared by a modified sol–gel of titanium tetra-isopropoxide, accelerated by a microwave hydrothermal process. The organic surfactant, tetradecylamine, which is used as a self-assembly micelle in the sol–gel and microwave hydrothermal process, enables to harvest crystallized mesoporous anatase nanoparticles with a high-surface area. Mesoporous worm hole-like and crystalline powders with surface areas of 243–622 m²/g are obtained. X-ray diffraction, N₂-adsorption isotherms (Barrett–Joyner–Halenda and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller method), scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope are used to identify the characteristics and morphologies of the powders. It is shown that crystallization by calcination at 400°C/3 h inevitably reduced the surface area, while the microwave hydrothermal process demonstrated a rapid formation of crystalline mesoporous TiO₂ nanopowders with a high-surface area and excellent photocatalytic effects.