RAPID METHOD FOR DETECTION OF SALMONELLAE ATTACHED TO CHICKEN SKIN1

A rapid, sensitive nitrocellulose membrane lifting technique was developed to identify Salmonella typhimurium attached to chicken skin. Basically, this method used a nitrocellulose membrane to remove salmonellae attached to chicken skin. The membrane with attached salmonellae was then incubated on xylose lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar for 18 h at 37°C. Appearance of black colonies on the white membrane was considered a positive presumptive test for salmonellae. Immunostaining of colonies on the nitrocellulose membrane was then used to confirm presence or absence of salmonellae. This technique can be used to identify salmonellae contamination of chicken skin in less than 24 h and was shown to be more sensitive than presently used swabbing or washing techniques.     

A COMPARISON OF SALMONELLA EXCRETION BY STRESS-SUSCEPTIBLE AND STRESS-RESISTANT PIGS

SUMMARY— A relatively high percentage of apparently healthy pigs were Salmonella carriers and excreted salmonellae in the feces. Stress imposed by trucking did not significantly alter the excretion of salmonellae by the pigs. The incidence of salmonellae in fecal samples from 32 stress-resistant and stress-susceptible animals was investigated. There was a high incidence of salmonellae in cecum and colon contents, but salmonellae were not isolated from various muscles or from spleen, liver and kidney samples. Three of eight pigs were positive for Salmonella in the mesenteric lymph nodes. There was no apparent pattern of salmonella detection in regard to the stress-susceptible condition of the animal.     

双管式挫屈束制(屈曲约束)支撑之耐震行为与应用

挫屈束制(屈曲约束)支撑一般是由十字型或一字型钢板构成之核心单元加上钢管混凝土构成之束制(约束)单元所组成。由于单核心断面之挫屈束制支撑在与构架接合时每一端需使用八片续接板及两套的螺栓，造成接合部分较长且易发生挫屈(屈曲)，为了改善此种挫屈束制支撑与接合，相关研究已发展出以双T型核心配双钢管或双钢板核心配双钢管而组成之双钢管型挫屈束制支撑构件，并已成功地在台大完成一系列之试验，本研究进一步针对大尺寸之单层挫屈束制支撑构架进行试验。研究目的包括：(1)探讨支撑具不同核心长度比例构架之试验与解析行为；(2)研究挫屈束制支撑核心应变与楼层侧位移角之关系；(3)提供含挫屈束制支撑构架之分析与设计建议。由i组V型双钢板双钢管挫屈束制支撑构架之试验显示，支撑核心之极限应变可利用楼层的最大侧位移角需求，以简单的几何关系及支撑核心长度与工作点间长度之比值计算而得，试验结果亦显示，在构架产生最大侧位移角时支撑之核心拉应变会大于相邻支撑之核心压应变，显示两相邻支撑之轴拉力与轴压力在试体巾有互相平衡之趋势，而不会发生最大轴压力显著大于最大轴拉力的现象。     

高雄捷运大寮主机厂基地土壤液化潜能评估分析

以GPS/GIS/RS科技整合应用 ,对大寮主机厂基地区域环境与其工址地层特性进行汇整分析。由于高雄捷运系统大寮主机厂为捷运总部及行控中心所在 ,故针对大寮主机厂厂址基础地层的潜在灾害特性进行调查分析研究 ,很有必要。本研究采用NJRA法结合Iwasaki深度加权法 ,并特别考虑细粒料含量、地表最大加速度与填土静态加载等不同参数值的影响 ,对该厂址基础地层液化潜能进行评估。其结果显示邻近孔号EB -19&EB -2 7的区域具有较高液化潜能 ,只有当PGA =0 .18g且填土高度达 3m时 ,厂址地层液化潜能可降低至低度液化潜能范围 ;若以PGA =0 .3 3g作分析时 ,厂址各分区均属极高度液化潜能范围。本研究最后汇整大寮主机厂区环境特性与其基础地层灾害分析结果 ,建立该区域地层潜在灾害数据库系统 ,以利于判定厂区基础地层潜在土壤液化区的灾害空间分布趋势与掌握其特性变异 ,并为相关单位提供大寮主机厂基础地层土壤液化防治决策参考。     

DESIGN OF SATURABLE REACTORS FOR APPLICATIONS IN POWER CONDITIONING SYSTEMS

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the design of saturable chokes for use in power electronics and power conditioning systems. The inductances computed based on the finite-element field solution are compared with the estimated nonlinear inductances from the actual measurements. The results have shown the adequacy of the developed three-dimensional finite-element (FE) simulation. The calculated field solutions are used to assist the quantitative study of the influence of the nonlinear choke air gap on the inductance characteristics for intended application in the choke design.     

利用CO2激光法快速制造PMMA基材的微流控分析芯片

提出一种广泛使用的CO2激光法,以直接读写烧蚀的方式,进行快速的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）基材的微流控分析芯片的制造.利用此方法所制造的微流道,将以扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）及表面轮廓仪进行各项表面性质的分析.本文所发展的CO2激光烧蚀法,提供了一个可广泛使用及具有经济效应的PMMA基材的微流控分析芯片的制造方法.在此激光制程法中,微流控分析芯片的制造图案可由商业的套装软件绘制而成,再传输至激光系统中进行烧蚀微管道,结果显示利用离焦法的激光制程技术,在没有退火处理的情况下,就可以获得表面相当平滑的微流道,表面粗糙度小于4nm.     

基于区块链的应用系统开发方法研究

本文从区块链的技术层面及应用层面分析其特征,并给出区块链的分类。挖掘区块链的设计需求,针对区块链的一致性和可扩展性的应用需求进行深入分析。对区块链的应用系统开发方法及区块链建模进行研究,提出了账户区块链（account blockchain,简称ABC）和交易区块链（trading blockchain,简称TBC）的双链设计模型。对智能合约进行深入剖析,提出了链上代码并行执行模型应用原则。最后对区块链应用技术进行总结和展望。     

应用微流体混合器芯片于食品中甲醛含量快速检测

本研究利用微流体芯片配合雷射激发荧光侦测法,侦测食品中不当添加物一甲醛,实验中以4-amino-3-penten-2-one(Fluoral-P)和甲醛作用,并于微流体混合器中进行反应及荧光衍生化以快速侦测.在微流体芯片中过高浓度甲醛荧光衍生物,因荧光分子基团讯号集中,易干扰全波长与荧光的侦测,因此在微流体芯片的检测以100 ppm以下为主.而在微流体混合器方面,本研究利用1:7型式不对称管道之微流体混合器,甲醛于此芯片中行荧光侦测法测定,随着甲醛浓度的降低,荧光讯号愈平缓,易出现噪声,侦测极限可达0.4 ppm且其线性度为R2=0.9954,而浓度低于1 ppm时,其S/N比表现度随之降低,此系统可提供较短分析时间、低试剂与成本消耗.     

Characterization of Gamma Irradiated Peanut Kernels Stored One Year Under Ambient and Frozen Conditions

Peanut kernels were gamma irradiated at 0, 2.5,5.0,10, and 20 KGy, and stored 1 yr at ambient and frozen (? 14°C) conditions. Irradiated peanuts lost germination capabilities during storage. Molds were detected only on peanuts irradiated with 2.5 KGy and stored at ambient temperature. Peanut oil in kernels stored at ? 14°C was comparatively more stable than that in peanuts stored at ambient temperature. Oxidation of oil was not significantly changed by irradiation. Changes in fatty acid content varied slightly with exception of linoleic and linolenic acids which decreased with increased radiation depending on storage temperature. The SDS-PAGE protein patterns of peanuts revealed no noticeable variation of protein subunits resulting from irradiation and storage.