循环伏安法在润滑油检测中的应用

介绍了循环伏安法的产生背景、原理。应用该技术可以快速、方便地对润滑油中抗氧剂、总酸（碱）值进行测定，并且可以对不同厂家润滑油的抗氧剂包进行区别。该技术还可以有效地评价润滑油的使用寿命和设备工作状况。     

China＇s Giant Oilfields： Discovered ＆ to Be Discovered

World oil production and reserve additions heavily depend on giant oilfields. Currently, there are more than 4,000 producing oilfields in the world, producing around 68 million barrels of oil per day. Most oilfields in the world are minor ones, with oil production below 20,000 barrels per day; only 3% （about 120） oilfields in the world produce over 100,000 barrels per day with overall daily production exceeding 32 million barrels, which accounts for 47% of the total world oil supply . The scales of the oilfields heavily influence economic indices like investment, production and life spans of the oilfields. Therefore, giant oilfields have always been the dream of oil finders and targets of geologists＇ researches .     

现场总线漫谈

从现场总线多标准的现状出发，阐述了控制对象多样性与技术多样性之间的必然联系，通过对目前现场总线与传统DCS应用现状的分析，对现场总线的发展和应用前景进行了展望。     

加氢反应器制造技术的新进展

随着加氢装置的大型化,对加氢反应器的设计、主体材质的选用及制造均提出了新的、更高的要求。文章较全面地介绍了国内外加氢反应器的设计准则、主体材质(抗氢钢)和制造技术等方面的新进展。     

炼油厂全流程优化建模方法研究

为了克服使用线性规划和单处理单元非线性规划进行生产优化的内在缺点，在建立原油单元、催化裂化、催化重整和汽油调合等4个重要处理单元详细模型的基础上，将单处理单元非线性过程模型集成到一个全流程优化非线性模型中。优化的目标函数是使炼油厂全厂利润最大。决策变量是那些显著影响全厂效益的变量，约束条件是单个处理单元约束条件的集合。对某炼油厂进行实例研究，结果表明该全流程模型能有效处理全厂优化问题，所得利润在线性规划的基础上提高4．5％。     

加油站油品防盗的措施

为防止加油站油品被盗，应采取加强夜间值班管理、加强油品的计量管理和加强安全管理的高科技建设三项措施。     

北部湾盆地福山凹陷CO2气成因探讨

北部湾盆地福山凹陷油气钻探中发现了高含CO₂气的天然气气藏。对CO₂气稳定碳同位素、伴生稀有气体氦和氩同位素进行了分析研究，结果显示，福山凹陷CO₂气稳定碳同位素偏重，(13C_CO2为-5.01～-10.08‰，绝大多数样品大于-7.0‰，为无机成因CO₂气特征；伴生稀有气体氦同位素³He/⁴He值为(4.74~5.03)×10^-6，R/Ra值为3.38～3.59；伴生稀有气体氩同位素⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar值为1881～2190，也显示出幔源或壳幔混合CO₂气的特征。综合判定认为，福山凹陷CO₂为壳幔混合成因。始新统流沙港组岩浆岩体分布特征与CO₂气藏分布范围基本一致，也表明幔源-岩浆可能是福山凹陷CO₂气的主要来源。与南海北部边缘盆地其它地区如珠江口盆地西部、琼东南盆地东部CO₂气成因一致，都为幔源-岩浆来源，或壳幔混合来源。     

含硫化氢气井钻井过程中的腐蚀因素与防护研究

在含硫气井的钻井过程中对于HRC大于22的钻具钢材除了腐蚀疲劳之外，在pH值小于9的环境中会发生硫化物应力腐蚀破裂，这种破坏比腐蚀疲劳更突然、更快，使钻杆大量损坏。含硫气井在钻井过程中，由于湿硫化氢的出现，常常会出现油管、套管、钻井设备、钻井仪器以及对支持保护管柱的水泥环柱等腐蚀和损坏问题，为此，阐述了湿硫化氢的腐蚀特点、机理，归纳总结了影响腐蚀的因素，综述了如何在这些方面防止其腐蚀，使损失减小，为指导油管、套管防腐工程实践提供了依据。建议在钻井过程中采用碱性钻井液，其pH值可到9或更高(至pH值12)，以减缓或防止钻井过程中电化学从硫化物应力腐蚀破裂；含硫气井用的钻杆应该间歇使用。钻杆停用堆置时间可使其放氢，使钻杆恢复韧性，防止硫化物应力腐蚀断裂。     

丙烯腈装置回收塔内聚合物生成原因的分析

针对丙烯腈生产过程中回收塔内聚合物堵塞降液管造成回收塔运行周期短的问题,通过对丙烯腈回收塔内各组分分布的模拟计算,直观显示了回收塔内各组分的浓度分布,发现了回收塔的聚合段与丙烯醛的富集段相吻合的现象,初步得出了回收塔内局部聚合的原因;通过对塔内聚合物的特性分析和评判,进一步证实了“回收塔内局部聚合严重是由于在聚合段丙烯醛聚集引起”这一现象;根据模拟计算结果和实际运行经验,提出了预防聚合物堵塞降液管的措施,并进行了部分生产验证,为丙烯腈生产企业延长装置运行周期提供了理论指导。     

Analysis and architecture design of variable block-size motion estimation for H.264/AVC

Variable block-size motion estimation (VBSME) has become an important video coding technique, but it increases the difficulty of hardware design. In this paper, we use inter-/intra-level classification and various data flows to analyze the impact of supporting VBSME in different hardware architectures. Furthermore, we propose two hardware architectures that can support traditional fixed block-size motion estimation as well as VBSME with less chip area overhead compared to previous approaches. By broadcasting reference pixel rows and propagating partial sums of absolute differences (SADs), the first design has the fewer reference pixel registers and a shorter critical path. The second design utilizes a two-dimensional distortion array and one adder tree with the reference buffer that can maximize the data reuse between successive searching candidates. The first design is suitable for low resolution or a small search range, and the second design has advantages of supporting a high degree of parallelism and VBSME. Finally, we propose an eight-parallel SAD tree with a shared reference buffer for H.264/AVC integer motion estimation (IME). Its processing ability is eight times of the single SAD tree, but the reference buffer size is only doubled. Moreover, the most critical issue of H.264 IME, which is huge memory bandwidth, is overcome. We are able to save 99.9% off-chip memory bandwidth and 99.22% on-chip memory bandwidth. We demonstrate a 720-p, 30-fps solution at 108 MHz with 330.2k gate count and 208k bits on-chip memory.