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991.
F Neukirch I Pin J Knani C Henry C Pison R Liard S Romazzini J Bousquet 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,89(10):685-692
BACKGROUND: This study is part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS), which uses a common methodology in different areas throughout the world. This paper describes the prevalences of reported asthma, asthma-like symptoms and nasal allergies, their relationships to age group and sex, and the relationships of asthma-like symptoms to current asthma, in the general population aged 20-44 years of three French urban areas. METHODS: The study population of 2804 subjects in Grenoble, 3774 in Montpellier and 3152 in Paris (18th district), randomly selected from electoral rolls, answered a postal questionnaire (stage I of ECRHS). The response rates were 77.8%, 68.6% and 74.4%, respectively. RESULTS: The prevalences were approximately 14% for wheezing, 16% for chest tightness and 4.5% for nocturnal shortness of breath in the three areas. Asthma attacks in the last 12 months were reported by 2.7% of subjects in Grenoble, 3.5% of subjects in Montpellier and 4.0% of subjects in Paris (P = 0.02). For nasal allergies, the prevalences were 28.0%, 34.3% and 30.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Asthma was inversely correlated to age (higher prevalence in the youngest) but was not related to sex. Neither age distribution nor sex ratio explained the differences between areas. Among the asthma-like symptoms, wheezing and nocturnal shortness of breath correlated strongly with asthma, chest tightness correlated moderately and nocturnal coughing correlated poorly. CONCLUSION: The prevalences observed were higher than expected from previous comparable French studies in young adults. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of a recent increase of asthma and allergies. 相似文献
992.
Forster Jean L.; Jeffery Robert W.; Schmid Thomas L.; Kramer F. Matthew 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1988,7(6):515
Evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of a program for weight gain prevention (WGP) in normal adults. 219 Ss were randomized to either WGP treatment or no treatment for 12 mo. The treatment group received monthly newsletters relating to weight management, participated in a financial incentive system, and were offered an optional 4-session education course in the 6th mo of the program. Results demonstrate high interest in WGP among Ss who were not objectively overweight. Participation, as measured by return of postcards sent with each newsletter, was approximately 75%. Results after 1 yr show a net weight loss of 1.8 lb in the group receiving the program compared with controls. 82% of participants maintained or lost weight, compared with 56% of controls. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
993.
Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 12, pp. 16–20, December, 1992. 相似文献
994.
995.
V. M. Markevich T. A. Beilinova V. I. Chernyi A. S. Erofeeva A. É. Chikhachev V. E. Baburov V. P. Zharko S. L. Shcherbak E. N. Vasilenko V. F. Movchan A. F. Dudnik 《Metallurgist》1988,32(9):308-310
All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Pipes (VNITI). Il'ich Zhdanov Metallurgical Combine. Translated from Metallurg, No. 9, pp. 39–40, September, 1988. 相似文献
996.
Steimann F. Hayde M. Panzenbock B. Adlassnig K.-P. Pollak A. 《IEEE engineering in medicine and biology magazine》1994,13(5):705-709
ONSET derives its diagnosis from the combined evidence of contemporaneous and successive findings, which is in accordance with the behaviour of a clinician. Although it does not increase the diagnostic capabilities in principle, i.e., it cannot perform better than an expert reasoning on the basis of the same knowledge, computational power can be exploited to perform the matches and combine the results with greater precision, resolution, reliability, and transparency. Fundamental improvements of diagnosis, however, can only be expected from better serological tests or increased testing frequency. ONSET relies on domain knowledge explicated in a non-verbalized, analytical form. Knowledge representation-although mathematical-is intuitively clear and easy to conceive, making it equally accessible to both man and machine, and hence subject to objective evaluation and criticism 相似文献
997.
Birds' use of landmarks to identify spatial locations was examined. Black-capped chickadees (Parus atricapillus) and pigeons (Columba livia) searched for hidden food on a 120-cm–2 tray. In each task the target was near an edge with a nearby landmark. On occasional unrewarded tests the landmark was either left in its usual position, shifted parallel to the edge, shifted perpendicular to the edge, or shifted diagonally. On diagonal landmark shifts the birds shifted their searching more in the parallel direction than in the perpendicular, which violates the predictions of the vector sum model (K. Cheng, 1989). In some cases the birds maintained their searching at a constant perpendicular distance under all landmark shifts. This suggests that perpendicular distance to an edge forms an element in determining where to search on the basis of landmarks. Chickadees and pigeons performed similarly, which suggests similarity in the way they encode locations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
998.
A Program for Outliers Elimination in Multidimensional Space (POEMS), which allows the user to eliminate outliers from training spaces as a prior step to any statistical study, is presented. Even though the program can be applied to any scientific field, the characteristics of POEMS makes it particularly suitable for 'series design' on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships studies. 相似文献
999.
W. SCHöNWELSKI F. HABEREY R. LECKEBUSCH M. ROSENBERG K. SAHL 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1986,69(1):7-9
Solid Solutions with the magnetoplumbite structure in the System LaMgAl11 O19 -LaMgGa11 O19 -LaMgFe11 O19 were studied by X-ray diffractometry of sintered samples. Complete miscibility exists in the subsystem LaMgAl11 O19 -LaMgGa11 O19 and in a narrow adjacent ternary area with low iron content. In the other subsystems and in the major part of the ternary field, a magnetoplumbite phase occurs together with other compounds. 相似文献
1000.