Effect of microstructure on crack propagation in high-temperature fatigue of directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy

In order to clarify the crack propagation properties of an anisotropic material (Ni‐based directionally solidified superalloy), longitudinally loaded specimens (L‐specimens) and transversely loaded specimens (T‐specimens) with a crack are subjected to high temperature fatigue. The crack propagation rate is reasonably well correlated with the effective stress intensity factor range regardless of the propagation direction (specimens L and T), the stress range and the stress ratio. However, the crack propagation rate shows a notable fluctuation particularly in the T‐specimens. It is at most about five times faster than the average. The fracture surface features can be classified into four types with three transgranular and one intergranular types. In the former, though the crack is along the {100} or {110} planes on a macroscopic scale, it threads through the {111} or {100} planes on a microscopic scale. Crack propagation is notably accelerated in the intergranular region, while deceleration is caused by crack branching.     

Characteristics of Wheat-Flour Dough Using Enterobacter cloacae GAO With and Without Yeast

The Leavening bacterium Enterobacter cloacae GAO made dough rise, without shrinkage or flattening due to refrigeration. The GAO plus yeast mixture was allowed to ferment from 20 to 25% of the time for the GAO alone. The ratio of 0.5% yeast volume to wheat flour was acceptable. The yeast was used in the dough to make mantou (a type of bun). Both mantou volume and pH declined after 3 days refrigeration. The GAO and yeast mixture could withstand 5-7 days refrigeration before falling.     

ACOUSTIC IMPULSE RESPONSE METHOD FOR MEASURING NATURAL FREQUENCY OF INTACT FRUITS AND PRELIMINARY APPLICATIONS TO INTERNAL QUALITY EVALUATION OF APPLES AND WATERMELONS

A nondestructive textural quality measurement technique that uses an acoustic property was studied for apples and watermelons. By means of digital Fourier analysis, the natural frequencies of intact fruits are obtained from the sound which is produced by hitting them with a wooden ball pendulum. The reliability of this method was confirmed. This method requires simpler instrumentation than the sonic vibrating resonance method.     

Design of a Data‐Oriented Multivariable PID Control System

PID control schemes have been widely employed for industrial processes. However, it is important to choose a suitable set of PID gains included in the PID controller, because the control performance strongly depends on these PID gains. For single‐input/single‐output systems, data‐oriented control schemes without using the system model in computing PID gains have been proposed. In this paper, the proposed scheme is extended to a multi‐input/multi‐output case. That is, PID gains included in the multivariable PID controllers can be derived by using only the operating data. As a result, the suitable set of PID gains can be obtained, and it enables the system output to track to the reference model output. The behavior of the proposed scheme is examined by numerical simulation examples.     

Sialyloligosaccharides of Delipidated Egg Yolk Fraction

Delipidated egg yolk (DEY) was homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatant was dialyzed by ultrafiltration using a molecular weight cut-off of 1,000. The asparagine-linked oligosaccharides in the concentrate were liberated from protein by hydrazinolysis and labeled with UV-absorbingp-amionbenzoic ethyl ester (ABEE). The ABEE-derivatized oligosaccharides were fractionated by anion exchange and reverse-phase HPLC. The total sialyloligosaccharides from the water-soluble DEY fraction, were about 47.7% monosialyl and 50.6% di-sialyloligosaccharides. The structures of 3 predominant sialyloligosaccharides were determined by NMR. They were of the biantennary complex-type, accounting for about 33.6% of the total sialyloligosaccharides of the DEY water-soluble fraction.     

日本POLA艺术博物馆的隔震结构和玻璃天窗

本文具体介绍了建造在自然环境中的POLA艺术博物馆的结构设计概要。为了满足艺术珍藏品在地震时不至损坏的博物馆特有的技术要求,保护地震时人命安全,结构设计时对这座几乎建造于地下的建筑采用了基底隔震系统,而且在上部结构的底部采用了立体大跨度桁架系统,更有效合理地实现了基底隔震系统的隔震性能。隔震系统和大跨度桁架系统的结合统一,既实现了优美的建筑设计要求,又确保了结构在大地震下的高度抗震性能。     

Robust control for a constantly rising temperature system (Hm control approach)

Thermoluminescence dating has attracted the attention of geology and archaeology researchers as a new method. This method requires a heating device to raise the temperature of the specimens at an exact rate. This paper describes the design method of a control system that can achieve this goal. This control system lends to be unstable because of the existence of the parameter perturbation and dead time. In this paper, the perturbation and dead time are treated as perturbations of a nominal plant regarded as a first-order lag time system. Improvement of tracking characteristics in the low-frequency domain and robust stability in the high-frequency domain of the control system are achieved by using the solution of the mixed-sensitivity problem that is a kind of H^∞ control theory. Experiments verify the effectiveness of this method.     

An approximate solution of machine scheduling problems by decomposition method

To obtain an approximate solution for a large-scale job-shop scheduling problem the decomposition method was investigated. This means that an original problem is decomposed into subproblems, which are solved separately, and then the solution of the original problem is composed from the subproblems' solutions. Different methods to decompose the problem were tested by computational experiments and evaluated from the viewpoint of the goodness of schedule and computation time.     

天津图书馆设计

考虑到基地周边的天津大剧院位于整个区域的中心,矗立在中央湖面南侧的新图书馆、美术馆、博物馆采用尽可能简洁的外型,并通过对建筑高度和外墙做法的控制,使一组建筑具有整体感,同时各个建筑又有其独特的风格,我们认为:博物馆是记忆的建筑,美术馆是感性的建筑,而图书馆则是知性的建筑。