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排序方式: 共有1737条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
ABSTRACT Inorganic particulates are usually dried in a fixed bed, fluidized bed, or spray dryers. These compounds are easy to dry, once their physical structure, with high porosity, allows moisture content removal with low resistances. For fluidized bed of alumina particle evaluations, a laboratory-scale drying unit was built. The drying experiments were carried out with alumina particles with different diameters to evaluate temperature and air flow rate effects on drying kinetics and bed height. In another case, the dehydration of a mixture of rare-earth chlorides in a fluidized bed was studied, aiming at the production of anhydrous rare-earth chlorides, used to obtain mischmetal by electrolytic and metallothermic processes. The spray drying experiments were carried out in a pilot plant. Spray drying is a technique largely applied in industrial processes to dry solutions or suspensions, converting their solid parts into a dried powder. A set of rare-earth drying experiments was carried out, aiming at the development of techniques to obtain a powder that could satisfy international morphological requirements. The results allowed evaluating the effects of air flow rate, feed concentration, atomizer model, rotation velocity, and atomization pressure on powder density and particle size distribution. 相似文献
92.
Sanket A. Deshmukh Zheng Li Ganesh Kamath Kamlesh J. Suthar Subramanian K.R.S. Sankaranarayanan Derrick C. Mancini 《Polymer》2013,54(1):210-222
Solvation dynamics and conformational transformation in oligomers with varying degree of temperature sensitivity is studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Conformational transformation in three model systems namely poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), poly(acrylamide) (PAA), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are compared and contrasted to understand the origin of a coil-to-globule transformations across the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in thermo-sensitive oligomers. PNIPAM, PAA, and PEG are water-soluble oligomers. However, for the temperature range used in these simulations, PNIPAM shows an LCST whereas PAA and PEG are non-thermo-sensitive. Oligomers of PNIPAM, PAA, and PEG consisting of 30 monomer units (30-mer) each were simulated at 5 °C (278 K) and 37 °C (310 K). Conformational transformations in the oligomers are evaluated using structural and dynamical correlation functions such as radius of gyration, radial distribution function, residence time probabilities and hydrogen-bonding life-times. Our simulations suggest that the solubility, solvation dynamics, and conformation of the oligomers are dictated by two factors: (a) the local structure of proximal water and (b) the diffusion and exchange kinetics of proximal water with bulk water. In thermo-sensitive oligomer such as PNIPAM, we find that the coil-to-globule transition is closely related to the local ordering and solvation dynamics of PNIPAM. We have identified stable configurations of proximal water molecules for an oligomer undergoing conformational transition. The slow diffusional properties of proximal water molecules near PNIPAM oligomers suggests that water forms a stable network near hydrophilic groups of PNIPAM as compared to the hydrophilic groups of PAA and PEG. Thermal perturbation of this solvated structure results in significant reduction in local ordering of water, which contributes to the globular collapse and the reduced solubility of PNIPAM above its LCST. On the other hand, non-thermo-sensitive oligomers such as PAA and PEG are characterized by much faster diffusion and exchange kinetics of proximal water at the two simulated temperatures compared to PNIPAM. This faster exchange kinetics helps in maintaining higher hydration level of the oligomers and is responsible for the apparent hydrophilic character and thereby the observed solubility at the two simulated temperatures. 相似文献
93.
It is shown that peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) is enhanced in liver of mice fed a hepatocarcinogenic choline-deficient
diet containing 0.1% w/w ethionine. Mice were divided into 4 groups and fed for 3 weeks one of the following diets: choline-supplemented;
choline-supplemented containing ethionine; choline-deficient; and choline-deficient containing ethionine. Phosphatidylcholine
hydroperoxide (PCOOH) of liver lipids was measured by high performance liquid chromatography using a chemiluminescence detector.
Mice fed a choline-deficient diet containing ethionine showed 6-fold higher PCOOH levels than the choline-supplemented control
mice: the PCOOH/PC molar ratios of liver lipids were 32.3×10−5 and 5.6×10−5, respectively. In addition to this remarkable degree of lipid peroxidation in liver of mice fed the choline-deficient diet
containing ethionine, we also observed a significant liver fatty infiltration, a decrease in plasma and liver α-tocopherol,
and an increase in liver injury-indicative enzyme activities. Also, marker enzymes for hepatocarcinogenesis, glucose-6-phosphatase
and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were affected. These data suggest that enhanced hydroperoxidation of phosphatidylcholine may
participate in hepatocarcinogenesis provoked by choline deficiency in the presence of ethionine. 相似文献
94.
Dr. Patricia García‐Domínguez Mélanie Weiss Ilaria Lepore Prof. Dr. Rosana Álvarez Prof. Dr. Lucia Altucci Prof. Dr. Hinrich Gronemeyer Prof. Dr. Ángel R. de Lera 《ChemMedChem》2012,7(12):2101-2112
A novel epigenetic modulator that displays a DNMT1 inhibition and DNMT3A activation profile was characterized (compound 8 ). This compound is a derivative of palmitic acid that incorporates the putative reactive functional group (diynone) of the peyssonenyne natural products. Other analogues containing the diynone or an acetoxyenediyne did not show the same biological profile. In U937 human leukemia cells, diynone 8 induced cell differentiation and apoptosis, which correlated with the expression of Fas protein. Very surprisingly, diynone 8 was toxic to normal human fibroblasts (BJ) and mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEF), but not to immortalized human fibroblasts (BJEL); this unique effect was not observed with the classical DNMT inhibitor 5‐azacytidine. Therefore, compound 8 interferes in a very specific manner with signaling pathways, the activities of which differ between normal and immortalized cell types. This toxicity is reminiscent of the effects of Dnmt1 ablation on mouse fibroblasts. In fact, some of the genes deregulated by the loss of Dnmt1 are similarly deregulated by 8 , but not by the DNMT inhibitor SGI‐1027. 相似文献
95.
The multi-scale Gibbs–Helmholtz constrained (GHC) equation is a new predictive cubic equation of state that constrains the energy parameter in the SRK equation to satisfy the Gibbs–Helmholtz equation. It makes use of internal energies of departure calculated from NTP Monte Carlo simulations at the molecular length scale and a novel up-scaling expression to determine the energy parameter at the bulk phase length scale. 相似文献
96.
Advances in Bioapplications of Carbon Nanotubes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fushen Lu Lingrong Gu Mohammed J. Meziani Xin Wang Pengju G. Luo Lucia Monica Veca Li Cao Ya‐Ping Sun 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2009,21(2):139-152
This progress report provides an overview on recent advances in bioapplications of carbon nanotubes including the chemical modification of carbon nanotubes, targeting specifically their covalent and noncovalent conjugations with a variety of biological and bioactive species (proteins and peptides, DNAs/RNAs, and carbohydrates). Furthermore, the significant recent development and progress in the use of carbon nanotubes for biosensors, drug and other delivery systems, bioimaging, etc. and in the understanding of in vivo biodistribution and toxicity of carbon nanotubes are reported. 相似文献
97.
Simon Barquera Fabricio Campirano Anabelle Bonvecchio Lucia Hernández-Barrera Juan A Rivera Barry M Popkin 《Nutrition journal》2010,9(1):47
Background
Mexico has seen a very steep increase in child obesity level. Little is known about caloric beverage intake in this country as well as all other countries outside a few high income countries. This study examines overall patterns and trends in all caloric beverages from two nationally representative surveys from Mexico. 相似文献98.
Jack A. Neal Betsy Booren Luis Cisneros-Zevallos Rhonda K. Miller Lisa M. Lucia Joseph E. Maxim Alejandro Castillo 《Journal of food science》2010,75(6):S319-S326
Abstract: The use of ionizing radiation for the control of foodborne pathogens and extending the shelf life of fresh iceberg lettuce and fresh spinach has recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The efficacy of electron beam irradiation for controlling foodborne pathogens has been reported. For this experiment, the effectiveness of electron beam irradiation on the microbiological and sensory characteristics of fresh spinach was studied. Total aerobic plate counts were reduced by 2.6 and 3.2 log CFU/g at 0.7 and 1.4 kGy, respectively. Lactic acid bacteria were reduced at both doses of e-beam but grew slowly over the 35 d of the experiment. Yeasts and molds were not reduced in samples exposed to 0.7 kGy whereas 1.4 kGy significantly reduced microbial counts. Gas compositions (O2 and CO2) were significantly different than controls. Oxygen levels inside the spinach sample bags decreased over time; however, O2 levels did not drop below 1% that can induce anaerobic fermentation. CO2 levels for all treatments increased through day 4; yet 7 d after irradiation, CO2 level differences were not significant in both control and irradiated samples. Irradiation dose did not affect the basic tastes, aromatics, or mouth feels of fresh spinach, however; hardness attributes decreased as irradiated dose increased and slimy attributes of fresh spinach were higher in control samples compared to irradiated samples. 相似文献
99.
Lucia D’Urzo Benedetto Bozzini 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2009,20(7):666-670
In this paper we investigate the corrosive behaviour of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on electroplated copper.
The VOCs we considered were of the following types: (i) aromatic and substituted-aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene and
ethyl benzene); (ii) a chlorine-substituted hydrocarbon (dichloromethane) and (iii) an aliphatic alcohol (isopropyl alcohol).
Contamination by VOCs is typical of ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) manufacturing environments, and exposure of Cu to
VOC-contaminated clean room air has been pinpointed as a serious cause of interconnects failure. SEM observation highlighted
corrosion signature that are typical of the different classes of molecules. In particular, the corrosion of copper is almost
absent following exposure to isopropyl alcohol, very slow in the case of aromatic molecules and severe in the case of dichloromethane.
The obtained results can be interpreted in terms of a crevice corrosion mechanism under droplets, enhanced by pitting in the
presence of chlorinated solvents. 相似文献
100.