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991.
Miklósi áam; Pongrácz Péter; Lakatos Gabriella; Topál József; Csányi Vilmos 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,119(2):179
Dogs' (Canis familiaris) and cats' (Felis catus) interspecific communicative behavior toward humans was investigated. In Experiment 1, the ability of dogs and cats to use human pointing gestures in an object-choice task was compared using 4 types of pointing cues differing in distance between the signaled object and the end of the fingertip and in visibility duration of the given signal. Using these gestures, both dogs and cats were able to find the hidden food; there was no significant difference in their performance. In Experiment 2, the hidden food was made inaccessible to the subjects to determine whether they could indicate the place of the hidden food to a naive owner. Cats lacked some components of attention-getting behavior compared with dogs. The results suggest that individual familiarization with pointing gestures ensures high-level performance in the presence of such gestures; however, species-specific differences could cause differences in signaling toward the human. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
992.
Weaver Kathryn E.; Llabre María M.; Durán Ron E.; Antoni Michael H.; Ironson Gail; Penedo Frank J.; Schneiderman Neil 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,24(4):385
The authors tested a structural model that incorporated age, time since diagnosis, social support, coping, and negative mood as predictors of medication adherence and HIV viral load on 188 men and 134 women on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The authors used psychosocial latent factors formed from baseline measures to predict latent factors of adherence, as assessed by electronic monitoring and self-report, and viral load defined by indicators assessed over a 15-month period. Results from the model indicate that greater negative mood and lower social support are related to greater use of avoidance-oriented coping strategies. Use of these coping strategies by patients on HAART is related to poorer medication adherence and, subsequently, higher viral load. This model advances researchers' understanding of the contribution of psychosocial variables in predicting treatment adherence and disease progression in HIV-positive men and women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
993.
C. Romero-Salazar L. D. Valenzuela-Alacio A. F. Carballo-Sánchez F. Pérez-Rodríguez 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》2005,139(1-2):273-280
The effect of flux-line cutting upon the magnetic behavior of hard superconductors subjected to a dc bias magnetic field Hz and a transverse field Hy undergoing half-wave oscillations of large amplitude is investigated theoretically. We have applied both the generalized
double critical-state model and the elliptic flux-line-cutting one to interpret available experimental results for VTi ribbons.
The predictions of these models are compared and discussed. 相似文献
994.
Anomaly Detection Using Real-Valued Negative Selection 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
This paper describes a real-valued representation for the negative selection algorithm and its applications to anomaly detection.
In many anomaly detection applications, only positive (normal) samples are available for training purpose. However, conventional
classification algorithms need samples for all classes (e.g. normal and abnormal) during the training phase. This approach
uses only normal samples to generate abnormal samples, which are used as input to a classification algorithm. This hybrid
approach is compared against an anomaly detection technique that uses self-organizing maps to cluster the normal data sets
(samples). Experiments are performed with different data sets and some results are reported. 相似文献
995.
As UML 2.0 is evolving into a family of languages with individually specified semantics, there is an increasing need for automated and provenly correct model transformations that (i) assure the integration of local views (different diagrams) of the system into a consistent global view, and, (ii) provide a well-founded mapping from UML models to different semantic domains (Petri nets, Kripke automaton, process algebras, etc.) for formal analysis purposes as foreseen, for instance, in submissions for the OMG RFP for Schedulability, Performance and Time. However, such transformations into different semantic domains typically require the deep understanding of the underlying mathematics, which hinders the use of formal specification techniques in industrial applications. In the paper, we propose a multilevel metamodeling technique with precise static and dynamic semantics (based on a refinement calculus and graph transformation) where the structure and operational semantics of mathematical models can be defined in a UML notation without cumbersome mathematical formulae. 相似文献
996.
The interest in multimodal optimization methods is increasing in the last years. The objective is to find multiple solutions that allow the expert to choose the solution that better adapts to the actual conditions. Niching methods extend genetic algorithms to domains that require the identification of multiple solutions. There are different niching genetic algorithms: sharing, clearing, crowding and sequential, etc. The aim of this study is to study the applicability and the behavior of several niching genetic algorithms in solving job shop scheduling problems, by establishing a criterion in the use of different methods according to the needs of the expert. We will experiment with different instances of this problem, analyzing the behavior of the algorithms from the efficacy and diversity points of view. 相似文献
997.
Topic Identification in Dynamical Text by Complexity Pursuit 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The problem of analysing dynamically evolving textual data has arisen within the last few years. An example of such data is
the discussion appearing in Internet chat lines. In this Letter a recently introduced source separation method, termed as
complexity pursuit, is applied to the problem of finding topics in dynamical text and is compared against several blind separation algorithms
for the problem considered. Complexity pursuit is a generalisation of projection pursuit to time series and it is able to
use both higher-order statistical measures and temporal dependency information in separating the topics. Experimental results
on chat line and newsgroup data demonstrate that the minimum complexity time series indeed do correspond to meaningful topics
inherent in the dynamical text data, and also suggest the applicability of the method to query-based retrieval from a temporally
changing text stream.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
998.
Margarita Mediavilla Juan-Carlos Fraile Ignacio J. Galindo M. Teresa González 《Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems》2003,38(1):85-104
Strategy-based path planning was introduced by the authors as a way to give robotic manipulators some sort of reactive behaviour in dynamic and unpredictable environments. This approach is based on making robots react to moving obstacles using a restricted subset of the configuration space, and on using an off-line pre-planning stage to choose the restricted subset. In this paper, strategy-based path planning is applied and explored, focusing our attention on the off-line stage. It is applied to the joint motion of two and three robots that perform pick and place tasks sharing common working areas. 相似文献
999.
1000.
P. Hájek 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2003,7(3):179-183
Three new (easy) results about the computational complexity of basic propositional fuzzy logic BL are presented. An important formula of predicate logic is shown 1-true in all interpretations over saturated BL-chains but is not a BL-1-tautology, i.e. is not 1-true in a safe interpretation over a non-saturated BL-algebra.
Partial support of the grant No. A1030004/00 of the Grant Agency of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic is acknowledged. 相似文献