Clustering research fields for macro-strategic analysis: A comparative specialization approach

The goal of this article is to show that it is possible to construct an index to measure a country's relative specialization in different scientific fields in a way which is both reliable and relevant for macro-strategic analysis. We will call this index a Revealed Scientific Advantages Index. The technical problem to be discussed is one of aggregation: how can we be sure that an index calculated for a small number of relatively large fields does not mask significant policy needs synthetic measures which are easy to interpret. We will show that the Revealed Scientific Advantages approach offers the possibility of building them. The study itself is based on figures obtained through an exploitation of the INIST/CNRS PASCAL database classification of science. 107 sub-fields of this classification were initially used to determine the areas of specialization for 11 countries (revealed national advantages). Clustering techniques were then used to aggregate this data and 13 specific fields were identified. The science policy information produced during the study concerned these 13 fields. It proved to be both easily understandable and relevant for macro-strategic analysis.     

Ageing characteristics of dendritic and non-dendritic (stir-cast) Zn-Al alloy (ZA-27)

The dimensional changes of dendritic and non-dendritic (stir-cast) Zn-Al alloy (ZA-27) were investigated during ageing at temperatures in the range 20–245 °C. The linear expansion of both dendritic and non-dendritic samples increased rapidly with ageing time after about 24 h at 95 °C. An initial normalization treatment led to a large initial growth of the alloy which increased further after prolonged ageing times ( 10⁴h). Accelerated ageing tests in the range 75–250 °C showed that increasing the ageing temperature decreased the long term linear expansion of the alloy. In comparing the behaviour of the two materials, the stir-cast material grew less than the dendritic alloy. Extensive SEM and TEM done on as-stir-cast and aged samples showed that the main changes during ageing occurred in the (FCC) lamellae of the +(Zn) eutectoid, the phase at the primary _particles/_eutectoid interface and in the interparticle areas. In the lamellae and at the interface, zinc precipitated whilst the phase precipitated in the interparticle areas. It is considered that the occurrence of this latter phase, rich in copper, is responsible for the growth of stir-cast material during ageing.     

Frontline robots in tourism and hospitality: service enhancement or cost reduction?

Electronic Markets - Robots are being implemented in many frontline services, from waiter robots in restaurants to robotic concierges in hotels. A growing number of firms in hospitality and tourism...     

Capture device identification from digital images using Kullback-Leibler divergence

Multimedia Tools and Applications - It is proposed a forensic method for the capture device identification from digital images, which requires two elements: i) a digital image subject to...     

Study of UAV tracking based on CNN in noisy environment

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Recently, there are lots of tracking methods proposed to improve the performance of visual tracking in videos with challenging situations, such as background...     

When does personalization work on social media? a posteriori segmentation of consumers

The aim of this research is to find a segment of consumers of fashion products based on their personal visions of personalization of shoppable ads on mobile social media. To meet this objective, three operational objectives are defined. First, a theoretical model is evaluated based on the stimulus-organism-response framework (S–O–R). This examines, with a PLS-SEM approach, how the stimulation of personalization will affect consumers' internal cognitive state (perceived usefulness) and consequently generates a behavioral response (intention to buy). Second, we look for fashion consumer segments based on their perception of personalization through prediction-oriented segmentation (PLS-POS). Third, the segments are explained based on three constructs that were considered important in fashion consumption through mobile social networks: purchase intention, concern for privacy, and perception of trend. The inclusion of personalization and the perception of usefulness of advertisements can greatly help the intention to purchase clothing to be understood. The application of a posterior segmentation helps to better understand the different types of users exposed to shoppable ads on mobile social networks and their relationship with the purchase intention, concern for privacy and trend. While the measures and scales were tested in a context of mobile clothing trade, the methodology can be applied to other types of products or services.

     

Deep learning for graphics recognition: document understanding and beyond

International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) -     

Correction to: How to model and prove hybrid systems with KeYmaera: a tutorial on safety

International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer -     

Wearable cognitive assistants in a factory setting: a critical review of a promising way of enhancing cognitive performance and well-being

Cognition, Technology & Work - Rapid technological innovations are constantly influencing the complexification and automatization of the work lines pushing human operators to use diverse...     

Team cognition in a cyber defense context: focus on social support behaviors

In the face of increasingly prominent cyber security issues, the organization of cyber team analysts has become crucial to thwart cyber threats. Few studies have examined the functioning of the team and the interaction between individuals in a cyber defense context and how the context influences team adaptation. The present study investigates team cognition in a cyber defense context and in particular the nature of task- or team-centered communication among analysts during a cyber defense simulation exercise. Results indicate that markers of situation assessment and shared mental models are both strategically present and linked. Nevertheless, the frequency of these markers varies depending on the quantity and quality of problems encountered; in particular, variations in social support behaviors are observed. Decreasing social support behaviors during high level activities suggests the adaptation of social behaviors depending on the threats and attacks on the system. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in terms of theories and potential consequences for strategic adaptation and team resilience.