丙烯腈急冷塔喷淋系统流道分析与优化

对国内现有丙烯腈装置急冷塔循环液喷淋器的分流流道进行了研究。对喷头堵塞情况作了理论分析，并运用计算机编程模拟计算出喷淋器中各喷头的流体分布情况。在此基础上提出了分流流道的优化方案，从而改善了急冷塔内的操作状况，减少了丙烯腈在急冷塔内的损失。     

Development of brief scales to monitor clients' constructions of change.

This article describes the development and validation of scales to measure clients' outcome optimism, perceived progress, and self-agency related to change in problems presented in therapy. In Study 1, initial confirmatory and subsequent exploratory factor analyses (N?=?257) identified effort and persistence as an additional unique factor and guided selection of items to measure the 4 constructs. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis of the revised scales with a new sample (N?=?93) confirmed the measurement model. Results of convergent and discriminant validity analyses generally were in the predicted directions. The Perceived Progress scale demonstrated criterion validity with changes in dyadic adjustment and family functioning. The Outcome Optimism and Self-Agency scales showed variability in their relationship to the Perceived Progress scale over the first 3 sessions of therapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

AN improved method of optimization for electrical machines

Methods of optimizing the design of electrical machines are discussed. The augmented Lagrangian multiplier method is described, and an algorithm for this method is introduced. The method is compared with the more familiar exterior penalty function method using, as an example, the cost optimization of permanent magnetic variable-speed drive motors. The improved method is shown to be superior, both in its ability to reach an optimum consistently and in the number of required iterations     

Catalysis and kinetics of cyclotrimerization of cyanate ester resin systems

The kinetics of cyclotrimerization and the thermal stability of bisphenol Abased cyanate ester resin systems were determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. The bisphenol A dicyanate was cured with 4 phr nonylphenol and with the octoates of zinc and manganese, and cobalt acetylacetonate at concentrations ranging from 0 to 750 ppm metal. An empirical rate law was used to predict the cyanate concentration profiles. The observed reaction rate showed a first-order dependen?e on the initial metal concentration and a second-order dependence on the cyanate concentration in the kinetically controlled regime. For the uncatalyzed systems, the kinetics was described by a second-order autocatalytic model. The thermal stability of the network was found to be dependent on the catalyst concentration for the zinc catalysts. For the samples cured with manganese, no effect of concentration on the thermal stability was observed.     

南海北部陆缘晚期油气成藏机理及动力学过程

总结了南海北部陆缘晚期(或浅层)油气藏的勘探技术和方法,指出晚期油气成藏具有海底麻坑、气烟囱、"地震模糊带"和"亮点"等地震异常特征,从地化特征上可划分为浅层生物气、成熟—高成熟热解气和高含CO₂热解气等3种油气成藏类型.在研究新构造运动表现形式的基础上,分析了逆断层、正断层和底辟—走滑断层3个断层活动区的晚期油气成藏机理,指出断层晚期活动和后期快速沉降促进了油气的运移和再分配,晚期油气成藏主要沿莺歌海盆地莺东斜坡带、东方—乐东区和沿琼东南盆地二号断裂带及珠江口盆地坳陷边缘斜坡带等分布,有利于油气和天然气水合物的勘探.      

MIKEII 软件系统在穆棱河流域面源污染估算中的应用

穆棱河流域面源污染入河量调查和估算采用了MIKEII软件系统，根据水质、水量实测数据，在参数率定和模型验证的基础上．对穆棱河部分河段的水质进行模拟，拟合出面源入河量和年内分布。经验证计算结果较其他方法更合理可靠。     

氮气氛下LTCC基板Cu共烧金属化研究

从PMMA型LTCC素坯膜的制备和PMMA的排胶机理两方面，研究了LTCC基板Cu共烧金属化。结果表明，采用PMMA作为粘结剂的流延浆料具有剪切变稀行为，所得的流延坯膜微观组织均匀，叠压后坯体内部无分层现象。热失重、差热和傅立叶红外光谱联用分析结果表明高纯N2气氛中PMMA以解聚机理热解，热解后释放的主要产物为丙烯酸甲酯。在高纯N2气氛中LTCC与Cu共烧后Cu金属化膜平整、致密，连通良好。经测试，基板表面Cu导体方阻小于5mΩ/□。     

KINETICS OF HYDROCARBON GAS GENERATION FROM MARINE KEROGEN AND OIL: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ORIGIN OF NATURAL GASES IN THE HETIANHE GASFIELD, TARIM BASIN, NW CHINA

In this paper we derive kinetic parameters for the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons (C_1‐5) and methane (C₁) from closed‐system laboratory pyrolysis of selected samples of marine kerogen and oil from the SW Tarim Basin. The activation energy distributions for the generation of both C_1‐5 (Ea = 59‐72kcal, A = 1.0×10¹⁴ s^?1) and C₁ (Ea = 61‐78kcal, A = 6.06×10¹⁴ s^?1) hydrocarbons from the marine oil are narrower than those for the generation of these hydrocarbons from marine kerogen (Ea = 50‐74kcal, A = 1.0×10¹⁴ s^?1 for C_1‐5; and Ea = 48‐72kcal, A=3.9×10¹³ s^?1 for C₁, respectively). Using these kinetic parameters, both the yields and timings of C_1‐5 and C₁ hydrocarbons generated from Cambrian source rocks and from in‐reservoir cracking of oil in Ordovician strata were predicted for selected wells along a north‐south profile in the SW of the basin. Thermodynamic conditions for the cracking of oil and kerogen were modelled within the context of the geological framework. It is suggested that marine kerogen began to crack at temperatures of around 120°C (or 0.8 %Ro) and entered the gas window at 138°C (or 1.05 %Ro); whereas the marine oil began to crack at about 140 °C (or 1.1 %Ro) and entered the gas window at 158 °C (or 1.6%Ro). The main geological controls identified for gas accumulations in the Bachu Arch (Southwest Depression, SW Tarim Basin) include the remaining gas potential following Caledonian uplift; oil trapping and preservation in basal Ordovician strata; the extent of breaching of Ordovician reservoirs; and whether reservoir burial depths are sufficiently deep for oil cracking to have occurred. In the Maigaiti Slope and Southwest Depression, the timing of gas generation was later than that in the Bachu Arch, with much higher yields and generation rates, and hence better prospects for gas exploration. It appears from the gas generation kinetics that the primary source for the gases in the Hetianhe gasfield was the Southwest Depression.     

ASON在当前应用中存在的问题及分析

对ASON在当前应用中可能碰到的几个问题进行了分析，并提出了看法。