Food Science and Biotechnology - Lifestyle and diet preferences are primarily responsible for developing type 2 diabetes. In this study, okara was manufactured into okara whey crackers (OWC) to... 相似文献
The thin-layer drying process of N38 cocoa beans using open-sun and a solar drying (SD) system with firebrick heat storage materials (FTSM) has been modeled. The 10 kg capacity force convective SD system was developed and used to carry out the experiments. The choice of the best model was based on a comparison of statistical indicators including determination coefficient (R2), reduced chi-square (χ2), root mean square error (RMSE), sum of square error (SSE), and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) after fitting the experimental results to 11 common thin layer models in the literature. The results revealed that under open-sun drying and SD processes, the Midilli et al model provided the best drying characteristics of cocoa beans. Therefore, in the experimental context, this model can be assumed to reflect the solar/sun drying behavior of cocoa. The effective diffusivity values for the open-sun and SD of cocoa with FTSMA and FTSMB were 4.25× 10−11, 6.64× 10−11, and 5. 95 × 10−11 m2/s respectively. The predicted pre-exponential factor and activation energy were 5.81 × 10−11 m2/s and 22.79 kJ/mol respectively. 相似文献
A numerical study of void growth at differing global strain rates in the range 149 s–1–2240 s–1 and at start temperatures between 173 K and 573 K has been carried out for a material containing a three-dimensional periodic array of equally spaced, initially spherical voids. To take account of the effect of strain rate and temperature on the flow stress under dynamic adiabatic conditions, the well-established Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive relations for pure copper and iron have been employed. An instability criterion based on the maximum mean tensile stress has been used to identify the point at which unstable void growth occurs. For both materials, the strain at instability has been found to be dependent on stress triaxiality and start temperature but only weakly affected by strain-rate 相似文献
Tellurium oxide-based glasses in the form of 75TeO2 – 10ZnO – (10-x)Nb2O5 – 5Li2O – xCe2O3; where x = 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 mol%, were prepared by using the melt-quenching method. X-Ray Diffraction pattern (XRD) detected the amorphous nature of all the prepared glasses. Physical properties like density (ρ), molar volume , and oxygen packing density (OPD), have been determined and calculated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies showed that the glass network contains TeO4, TeO3+1/TeO3, ZnO4, and NbO6 as structural units. The glass transition temperature (Tg), onset of glass crystallization temperature (Tx), crystallization temperature (Tc), and melting temperature (Tm) have been determined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optical band gap (Eopt), the Urbach energy (?E), and the cut off wavelength (λc) were determined through the optical absorption data. 相似文献
Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is a new technology that brings cloud computing and mobile networks together. It enhances the quality of service delivered to mobile clients, network operators, and cloud providers. Security in MCC technology, particularly authentication during the handover process, is a big challenge. Current vertical handover authentication protocols encounter different problems such as undesirable delays in real-time applications, the man in the middle attack, and replay attack. In this paper, a new authentication protocol for heterogeneous IEEE 802.11/LTE-A mobile cloud networks are proposed. The proposed protocol is mainly based on the view of the 3GPP access network discovery and selection function, which uses the capacities given by the IEEE 802.11 and the 3GPP long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) standards interconnection. A prediction scheme, with no additional load over the network, or the user is utilized to handle cloud computing issues arising during authentication in the handover process. The proposed handover authentication protocol outperformed existing protocols in terms of key confidentiality, powerful security, and efficiency which was used to reduce bandwidth consumption.
Starch nanocomposites are popular and abundant materials in packaging sectors. The aim of this work is to review some of the most popular starch nanocomposite systems that have been used nowadays. Due to a wide range of applicable reinforcements, nanocomposite systems are investigated based on nanofiller type such as nanoclays, polysaccharides and carbonaceous nanofillers. Furthermore, the structures of starch and material preparation methods for their nanocomposites are also mentioned in this review. It is clearly presented that mechanical, thermal and barrier properties of plasticised starch can be improved with well-dispersed nanofillers in starch nanocomposites. 相似文献