Structural state of Ni-Mn solid solutions in a wide range of concentrations based on the data of scattering and absorption of X-rays

It has been demonstrated that Ni-Mn alloys prepared from elemental powders by the method of mechanical alloying appear to be fcc solid solutions in a wide concentration range. Structural studies of samples with the amount of Ni from 50 to 95 at % were carried out by the methods of X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and EXAFS spectroscopy.     

Oxygen Uptake and Release Mechanism of Lithium Manganese Ferrite in the Low Temperature Range of 573–773 K

Oxygen uptake and release of (Li,Mn) ferrite [LMF; (Li_0.60Mn_1.20Fe_1.20)_1−δO₄; δ= 0.007 to 0.033] was investigated concerning the relations between redox reactions of ferrite and cation migration. Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry showed that some of the Li⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions migrated from the A sites to the B sites of the spinel-type structure and Mn⁴⁺ ions migrated from the B sites to the A sites during oxygen uptake at 573 K. The cation-deficient LMF formed by the oxygen uptake released oxygen molecules in He gas only at 660 K. The cation migration during the oxygen release was in the opposite direction of the movement during oxygen uptake at 573 K.     

固溶处理对添加Si的Cu-10Ni-8Sn合金胞状沉淀的影响

利用定量金相的方法,研究了固溶-退火条件(温度和时间)对添加0.2%Si的Cu-10Ni-8Sn合金450℃时效时晶界处胞状物的形核与长大的影响.在450℃时效过程中,基体的硬度几乎不受固溶-退火条件的影响.然而,时效过程中固溶-退火条件对胞状物的形核与长大的影响却非常显著.当固溶-退火温度或时间增加时,Si对于胞状沉淀的抑制作用下降.随固溶-退火温度或者时间的增加,淬火态样品中存在于基体晶粒和晶界上的Ni31Si12相颗粒被粗化.因此,可以认为,经较高温度或较长时间固溶-退火的样品时效时,Ni31Si12相颗粒占据胞状物在晶界上的形核位置并抑制胞状物前沿界面迁移的作用降低了.     

Theoretical analysis of Cerenkov-type optical second-harmonicgeneration in slab waveguides

Optical second-harmonic generation in the Cerenkov-radiation scheme in slab waveguides has been theoretically investigated for all the possible type I configurations. By solving the nonlinear wave equations analytically, a simple general expression for the second-harmonic power has been obtained. Characteristics of the Cerenkov-type second-harmonic generation and optimum conditions for attaining high conversion efficiencies are discussed on the basis of the theoretical analysis. It is shown that, in order to attain high conversion efficiencies, off-diagonal elements of the nonlinear optical coefficient tensor should be utilized taking advantage of birefringence     

Combination chemotherapy using intravenous nedaplatin (254-S) and intraarterial cisplatin (CDDP) with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for a patient with uterine cervical cancer: a case report

1. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are important in the control of body fluid homeostasis, blood pressure (BP) regulation and vascular remodelling. The genes for these peptides may, therefore, be involved in the pathogenesis of genetic hypertension. We have previously described a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for BP in the ANP gene region on rat chromosome 5. We have now assessed the possibility that this QTL lies at the closely linked BNP locus. 2. Intra-arterial BP and heart weight were measured in 12-week-old (n = 207) and 24-week-old (n = 88) F2 rats derived from crosses between Wistar-Kyoto normotensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats. We designed polymerase chain reaction primers to amplify a microsatellite in the BNP gene from genomic DNA. Analysis of variance was used for cosegregation analysis. Linkage mapping and localization of QTL was performed using the Mapmaker computer package. 3. A significant correlation was found between genotype for the BNP gene and systolic BP (P < 0.001) in 12-week-old rats. The ANP gene, but not the BNP gene, was associated with systolic BP in 24 week rats. There was no segregation of heart weight with BNP genotype at 12 or 24 weeks of age. The BNP gene mapped approximately 20 cM from the ANP gene in our rat hybrids, away from the previously described QTL. There was evidence for a second BP locus near to but distinct from the BNP gene. 4. These results suggest that BP QTL are present in the natriuretic peptide gene region but that the ANP and BNP genes themselves have no major effect on BP in this cross.     

Quantitative determination of lipids and their constituents by the Chromarod TLC-FID system

The methanolysis products of neutral sphingolipid and archaebacterial neutral glycolipid were separated on Chromarods S-II (silica gel) with a double developing system. The lipid constituents separated on the rods were scanned automatically with a hydrogen flame ionization detector (Iatroscan). The molar ratios of the constituents determined by this system were very close to the theoretical values of the lipid.     

Calculation of crystallite modulus of native cellulose

Summary A crystallite modulus of native cellulose along the chain axis has been calculated based on the X-ray analysed molecular conformation and the force constants used in the vibrational analysis. The calculated values are 172.9 GPa and 70.8 GPa for the cases with and without the intramolecular hydrogen bondings taken into account, respectively. The intramolecular hydrogen bondings have been found to play an important role on the determination of crystallite modulus and the chain deformation mechanism, based on the calculation of the strain energy distribution to the internal coordinates such as bond lengths, bond angles, and so on.     

A cross-validation of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) for Japanese with lung cancer

The EORTC QLQ-C30 was developed in English-speaking cultures. To determine if this instrument could cross a broad cultural divide and be used in Japan, the cross-cultural validity of its Japanese version was estimated. In evaluating psychometric testing, internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha, item-discrimination by multitrait scaling analysis, and validity analysis with ECOG performance score (PS) and Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPS) were performed. The QLQ-C30 (version 1.0) was given to 105 patients with lung cancer. Although the response rate was low in patients with PS 4, the questionnaire was well accepted by patients with PS 0-3. The Japanese QLQ-C30 has a weak scale of role functioning in terms of item discriminative validity. It also has a weak scale of cognitive functioning in items of discriminative validity and internal consistency. However, known-groups comparison showed the expected clinical validity with PS for all the scales except for financial impact, and longitudinally clinical validity with KPS was shown in scales of cognitive functioning, fatigue, and nausea and vomiting. Multitrait scaling analysis showed that the predicted scales constituting quality of life (QOL) in the English-speaking culture were extracted from the Japanese QLQ-C30, and found to be valid in Japan, indicating its possible usefulness as an instrument that is universally applicable across cultures.