Posttraumatic stress symptomatology after childhood traumatic brain injury

The purpose of this study was to quantify and to identify predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Fifty children aged 6 to 14 years, hospitalized after TBI, were assessed soon after TBI regarding injury severity and preinjury psychiatric, socioeconomic, family functioning, and family psychiatric history status; neuroimaging was also analyzed. Psychiatric assessments were repeated 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after TBI. Only 2 of 46 (4%) subjects with at least one follow-up assessment developed PTSD. However, the frequency with which subjects experienced at least one PTSD symptom ranged from 68% in the first 3 months to 12% at 2 years in assessed children. The presence of an internalizing disorder at time of injury followed by greater injury severity were the most consistent predictors of PTSD symptomatology. It is apparent, therefore, that PTSD and subsyndromal posttraumatic stress disturbances occur despite neurogenic amnesia. These problems should be treated, particularly if symptoms persist beyond 3 months.     

Assessment of Organizational Change for Public Construction Organizations

This paper explores change management for restructuring a public construction organization. The paper presents a model for organizational change and studies 20 change-management parameters for three engineering management levels—area engineers, project managers, and project engineers. The researchers studied the perception of engineers and the change process from initiation through completion, starting with forces that destabilize, spreading to awareness and management of anxiety, then acceptance and management of tasks, and finishing with integration and restart. These were examined quantitatively and qualitatively. The study concluded that engineers realize that changes are necessary but they perceive change management negatively. Though most engineers are aware of and committed to change, they perceive the communication of changes to be poor. Recommendations were made to adopt a participative style, improve the commitment of upper leadership, and apply incentives to implement changes. The organizational change model provides a simplified approach for any organization going through the process of change and reengineering.     

可记录运动者状态的衣服方案(下)——采用MEMS、DSP及虚拟现实技术

剖析了Moven和ADI展示的一件集惯性传感器、处理器以及无线通信模块于一身的衣服,这件衣服可记录穿着者的运动状态,并在电脑屏幕上实时显示出三维的运动图像.MEMS传感器、DSP乃至SoC、软件在运动捕捉类应用上具有特殊的结构.     

When perspective taking increases taking: Reactive egoism in social interaction.

Group members often reason egocentrically, believing that they deserve more than their fair share of group resources. Leading people to consider other members' thoughts and perspectives can reduce these egocentric (self-centered) judgments such that people claim that it is fair for them to take less; however, the consideration of others' thoughts and perspectives actually increases egoistic (selfish) behavior such that people actually take more of available resources. A series of experiments demonstrates this pattern in competitive contexts in which considering others' perspectives activates egoistic theories of their likely behavior, leading people to counter by behaving more egoistically themselves. This reactive egoism is attenuated in cooperative contexts. Discussion focuses on the implications of reactive egoism in social interaction and on strategies for alleviating its potentially deleterious effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Speciation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in solventborne aerosol coatings by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography

A method for the speciation of solventborne aerosol coatings is presented. Propellant from an aerosol coating is transferred to a gas collection bag and is then analyzed by GC-FID. The propellant-free liquid paint is then internally standardized with a mixture of C5 to C11 normal alkanes and analyzed on a 50-meter capillary column using solid phase microextraction (SPME) with GC-FID detection. This procedure makes it possible to assign linear retention indexes to virtually all of the individual volatile solvents in the coating with subsequent identification. After identification by SPME, the coating is dispersed in a high boiling solvent, internally standardized with a material not coeluting with the coating solvents, and is then analyzed by direct GC-FID. VOC regulations in California for aerosol coatings products require that the coatings have a reactivity (product weighted maximum incremental reactivity or PWMIR) which is below a designated value. Assignment of PWMIR values to aerosol coatings requires that the amount of each individual volatile component in a coating be known. Presented at the 79th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, November 5–7, 2001, in Atlanta, GA. Department of Chemistry, Polymers and Coatings, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407.     

Biosynthetic Origin of the Antibiotic Cyclocarbamate Brabantamide A (SB‐253514) in Plant‐Associated Pseudomonas.

Within the framework of our genome‐based program to discover new antibiotic lipopeptides from Pseudomonads, brabantamides A–C were isolated from plant‐associated Pseudomonas sp. SH‐C52. Brabantamides A–C displayed moderate to high in vitro activities against Gram‐positive bacterial pathogens. Their shared structure is unique in that they contain a 5,5‐bicyclic carbamate scaffold. Here, the biosynthesis of brabantamide A (SB‐253514) was studied by a combination of bioinformatics, feeding experiments with isotopically labelled precursors and in vivo and in vitro functional analysis of enzymes encoded in the biosynthetic pathway. The studies resulted in the deduction of all biosynthetic building blocks of brabantamide A and revealed an unusual feature of this metabolite: its biosynthesis occurs via an initially formed linear di‐lipopeptide that is subsequently rearranged by a novel FAD‐dependent Baeyer–Villiger monooxygenase.     

Piloting the Membranolytic Activities of Peptides with a Self‐organizing Map

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show remarkable selectivity toward lipid membranes and possess promising antibiotic potential. Their modes of action are diverse and not fully understood, and innovative peptide design strategies are needed to generate AMPs with improved properties. We present a de novo peptide design approach that resulted in new AMPs possessing low‐nanomolar membranolytic activities. Thermal analysis revealed an entropy‐driven mechanism of action. The study demonstrates sustained potential of advanced computational methods for designing peptides with the desired activity.     

Book Reviews and Notes

Full Employment in a Free Society, By William H. Beveridge. New York, W. W. Norton & Company, 1945.

The City is the People. By Henry S. Churchill. New York, Reynal & Hitchcock, 1945.

Time For Planning: A Social-Economic Theory and Program for the Twentieth Century. By Lewis L. Lorwin. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1945.

Chicago Looks Ahead. Chicago, Ill., Chicago Plan Commission, 145.

Manual of Traffic Engineering Studies. New York, Association of Casualty and Surety Executives, 1945.

Mistakes We Have Made in Developing Shopping Centers. By J. C. Nichols, Washington, Urban Land Institute, 1945.

Urban Redevelopment Legislation in the United States. Chicago, American Society of Planning Officials, 1945.

Rebuilding Britain — A Twenty-Year Plan. By E. D. Simon. London, Victor Gollancz, Ltd., 1945.

Garden Cities and the Metropolis. By Lloyd Rodwin, in the Journal of Land and Public Utility Economics, Vol. XXI, No. 3. Madison, Wis., August, 1945.     

污泥减量化水处理技术的研究现状和进展

随着传统活性污泥工艺被广泛应用到城市污水及工业废水的处理中,剩余污泥的产生量也日益增大,因此新型污泥减量工艺的开发是一个亟待解决的问题。污泥过程减量法是指在污水的处理过程中,通过改变现有工艺的运行条件或者采用一定的技术手段,在保证不影响污水处理效果的前提下,降低污泥的产量,因此污泥过程减量工艺可以从根本上减少污泥的产量。介绍了近年来国内外实现污泥过程减量化相关工艺及其原理和研究进展,为今后开发新型有效的剩余污泥处理与处置技术提供参考。