排气挤出机分流环结构与产量平衡问题的研究

挤出波动和冒料是限制排气挤出机使用的2个重要因索。在橡胶排气螺杆第1计量段的末端加入分流环，并采用Polyflow软件对其流场进行分析；研究同一根螺杆在不同的工艺参数下二阶螺杆的流量平衡与分流环结构的关系。     

生物工程及其在化学工业中的应用

生物工程是近年来崛起的一门综合性的高新科学技术，也是当代新技术革命中最为活跃的领域。文章简要地介绍和评述了生物工程的主要内容及其在化学工业中应用的概况及发展趋势。     

工业过程的先进控制

在分析工业过程特点的基础上，总结了工业过程先进控制的发展现状，阐述了PID控制器参数整定和模型预测控制的基本概念和内容，讨论了工业过程先进控制的核心内容及其带来的可观的经济效益，并探讨了先进控制软件的产业化问题。     

PBX炸药细观损伤的实验研究

为研究PBX炸药在冲击作用下的物理损伤、化学损伤及成热的物理机制,采用炸药爆炸驱动隔板实验技术对PBX炸药进行了冲击压缩实验,回收炸药试样并对其不同位置处的断面形貌进行SEM分析.结果表明,随着冲击能量的增加,其温度效应的影响越来越显著,损伤模式从物理损伤向化学损伤过渡.这为XDT问题中的"热点"形成机制等研究提供了实验基础.     

Frying Performance of No-<Emphasis Type="Italic">trans</Emphasis>, Low-Linolenic Acid Soybean Oils

Two extruded-expelled physically refined soybean oils with reduced contents of linolenic acid, ultra-low- linolenic acid (ULL, 1.5%) and low-linolenic acid (LL, 2.6%), and a extruded-expelled physically refined control oil (control, 5.3% linolenic acid) were evaluated by frying French fries in a commercial-like setting for 6 h day⁻¹ during 23 days. The oils became darker, increased in yellow color at the beginning, and became redder and less green throughout the process. Free fatty acids levels were not different among the oils until day 14, after which, ULL was different from the control for the remainder of frying. The conjugated dienoic acid values were greatest in the control. Generally, ULL and LL oils had lower percentages of polar compounds than did the control, providing a frying life 2 days longer than the control and ~30% increase in frying time. A trained sensory panel evaluated the French fries on days 2, 5, and 6. Buttery and potato flavors decreased, and rancid and painty flavors increased over frying time for all products. Rancid flavor was highest in the fries from the control oil. Overall, the ULL and LL oils performed better than did the control oil and ULL tended to perform better than the LL.     

铈钛共交联粘土的合成及其结构性能的研究

采用聚羟基铈钛复合阳离子共交联反应合成了共交联粘土Ce-Ti-PILC.通过BET、N2吸附/脱附等温线、孔径分布、DSC等表征手段,研究了主要合成工艺条件对其结构性能的影响.结果表明,与Me(NO3)3(Me=Y、La)相比,以Ce(NO3)3和TiCl4制备的共交联剂在(Ce Ti)/clay比为15mmol·g-1、焙烧温度为400℃以及共交联剂中盐酸浓度为0.5 mmol·L-1时,铈钛共交联粘土具有高比表面、大孔容、均匀的孔径分布和良好的热稳定性等结构性能.     

Study of the polymerization of 1-octadecene with different rnetallocene catalysts

Summary 1-Octadecene (C18) was polymerized by using different metallocene catalysts. The rac-Et(Ind)₂ZrC1₂/MAO (I) and rac-Me₂Si(Ind)₂ZrC1₂/MAO (III) presented the highest activity as compared with ra-Et(2-Me-Ind)₂ZrCl₂/MAO (II) and Ph₂C(Flu)(Cp)ZrC1₂/MAO (IV) catalysts. Catalyst IV produced polymers with highest molecular weights. The microstructure of the polymers was determined by ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy. Catalyst systems I, II and III produced isotactic polymers while catalyst IV produced polymers with mainly syndiotactic structures but with large amount of stereoregular error. Received: 21 June 2002/Revised version: 4 November 2002/ Accepted: 4 November 2002     

FCC汽油降烯烃技术进展

介绍了近年来国内外FCC汽油降烯烃的技术进展，并对FCC汽油降烯技术及相关措施的未来应用前景进行了分析。     

TiC－Al_2O_3复合材料的自蔓延高温合成和致密化

以ＴｉＯ＿２，Ａｌ和Ｃ三种粉末为原料，采用自蔓延高温合成和加压的方法制备了ＴｉＣ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３复合材料。在１ＧＰａ压力下，可使样品达到理论密度的９５％。对未反应样品燃烧前在真空状态下预热脱气，则密度可达９８％。为避免样品开裂，必须控制冷却速度。对合成产品进行了Ｘ射线分析，表明从ＴｉＯ＿２，Ａｌ，和Ｃ三种粉末原料制备密实的ＴｉＣ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３复合材料是可能的。     

Effects of Purified Persimmon Tannin and Tannic Acid on Survival and Reproduction of Bean Bug, Riptortus clavatus

We evaluated the effects of tannic acid and purified perrsimmon tannin on survival and reproduction of bean bugs, Riptortus clavatus.Feeding behavior of R. clavatus was also examined on sweet (cv. Fuyu) and astringent (cv. Chongdosi) persimmon fruits. Soluble tannin in sweet persimmon fruits decreased from 3% in early June to 0.5% in late September, but it increased from 2 to 8% during the same period in astringent persimmon fruits. More bugs visited sweet than astringent persimmon. Numbers of piercing/sucking spots were higher on sweet than on astringent persimmon. When fed 1 and 3% solutions of persimmon tannin, adult bugs ingested only 64.1 and 9.5% of the amount of water ingested by those offered the control (distilled water). Amounts of persimmon tannin ingested by the adult bugs were 6.5 and 2.8 times higher at 1 and 3% tannin solutions compared to a 0.1% solution. Persimmon tannin exerted negative effects on survival and reproduction of R. clavatus at higher concentrations (1 and 3% solutions). Feeding of R. clavatus adults decreased with increasing tannin concentrations. When results from both sexes were pooled, 50% mortality was achieved at 11 and 4 days after treatment with the 1 and 3% tannin solutions, respectively. Reproduction decreased with 1% tannin, and no eggs were produced with 3% tannin solution. Tannic acid was similar in its effects on R. clavatus. All nymphs died 14, 12, and 7 days after feeding on 0.1, 1, and 3% tannic acid, respectively. Adults were less sensitive than nymphs, and their survival was not affected by 0.1% tannic acid. However. 1 and 3% tannic acid solutions were fatal. Survivorship decreased to 50% at 11 and 6 days after supplying tannin solutions of 1 and 3% concentrations. Higher concentrations (1 and 3%) resulted in reduced reproduction, as was seen with persimmon tannin. Our data may explain why R. clavatus does not invade sweet persimmon orchards until late July, when concentrations of soluble tannin are low enough to allow them to feed.