碳酸盐岩声发射地应力测量方法实验研究

在碳酸盐岩 Kaiser 效应实验研究的基础上,分析了不同加载应力和岩芯放置时间对碳酸盐岩 Kaiser 效应点的影响规律,得出预加载应力为单轴强度的（ 25% ～ 70% ）、放置时间为 4 个月左右时岩石的 Kaiser 效应记忆性最好;讨论了 Felicity 效应比值的分布特征,获得了应力、时间耦合下碳酸盐岩地应力的计算公式,形成了碳酸盐岩地层地应力确定方法。该法应用于西部某油田地应力测量,解释出的地应力结果精度满足工程应用的要求,解决了时间、应力敏感性带来的碳酸盐岩地应力测量精度低的难题,完善了地应力的测量体系,为碳酸盐岩地层高效开发提供了基础数据。     

包裹体爆裂测温法测定混凝土内部温度的研究

通过对埋设热电偶的不同类型混凝土分别加热到300℃、500℃、700℃后,对混凝土内部埋设热电偶处周边的石英砂提取试样,运用包裹体爆裂法检测试件内部经历的最高温度,并与热电偶测温法所测得的温度做比较,验证包裹体爆裂测温法的准确性,并检验包裹体的不可复现性。结果表明,包裹体爆裂法与热电偶测温法所得出的结论基本上还是一致的。     

水压致裂法测定岩石的断裂韧性

提出了一个利用液体压力对空心厚壁圆柱形岩样进行压裂而测定岩石断裂韧性的简单方法，在自行设计加工的岩样制备和断裂韧性测试装置上，对部分砂、页岩试样进行了测试。通过对岩样破裂面和声发射曲线的分析，对水力压裂过程中岩石破裂的有关机理进行了探讨。     

Characterization of a Cohesive Soil Bed using a Cone Pressuremeter

A new cone pressuremeter has been developed at the University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore-Pakistan. The new device is called the Akbar Pressuremeter (APMT). This paper is based on the APMT testing of a cohesive soil deposit comprised of low plastic lean clay (CL) to sandy silty clay (CL-ML). The APMT testing, using a full-displacement technique, standard penetration tests and undisturbed samples, was carried out at two locations. The soil strength and type were determined using the undisturbed samples. The applied pressure-cavity strain curves of the APMT tests performed at different levels were analysed to determine soil strength and stiffness. The undrained shear strength of the undisturbed samples was determined in the laboratory by unconfined compression tests. This paper provides a comparison of the parameters interpreted from the pressuremeter and those determined from other field and laboratory methods.     

氯化钙溶剂在露天矿冬季道路防尘中的应用

通过氯化钙溶剂在露天矿道路冬季防尘中的实验、应用,分析探讨露天矿道路冬季防尘的方法、及矿尘的综合处理,改善了作业环境,确保安全生产,提高生产效率。     

溢流碎流型气液分配器的开发研究

国内在役和设计的加氢反应器内构件多数使用抽吸型气液分配器的分配技术。洛阳石油化工工程公司对抽吸型和溢流型气液分配器的特点进行了技术分析，开发出一种具有碎流板结构的溢流碎流型气液分配器。在主体为直径600mm的有机玻璃塔实验装置上，采用空气和水介质，将溢流碎流型气液分配器与典型的抽吸型气液分配器进行对比实验，结果表明，溢流碎流型气液分配器的压力降比抽吸型的低，对液相的分配均匀性比抽吸型的好，操作弹性比抽吸型的大。     

兴城气田砂砾岩储层岩性测井解释方法研究

兴城气田是我国特大气田之一,是目前天然气勘探开发的主要领域。兴城气田储层主要以砂砾岩为主,具有多种岩性并存,成分复杂等特点,在缺少成像及取心资料的情况下,对于砂砾岩储层的识别存在很多困难。本文通过对比各种岩性的测井反映特征,总结了常规测井资料在泥岩,砂岩,砾岩沉积体中反映出的特殊响应特征,对测井曲线进行多种数据变换,建立了岩性与测井曲线值的对应关系图版,应用该图版到该区的其它井取得了较好的效果。     

Postponement growth and antioxidative response of Brassica nigra on CuO and ZnO nanoparticles exposure under soil conditions

Due to unique physiochemical properties, nanoparticles (NPs) have acquired substantial attention in the field of research. However, threats of ecotoxicity and phytotoxicity have limited their biological applications. In this study in vivo experiments were performed to determine the effect of CuO (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and ZnO (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) NPs on growth, and antioxidant activities of Brassica nigra. The results showed that CuO NPs did not affect the seed germination while presence of ZnO NPs in the soil generated an inhibitory effect. Both CuO and ZnO NPs positively influenced the growth of stem and other physiological parameters i.e. stem height increased (23%) at 50 mg/kg CuO while root length decreased (up to 44%) with an increase in the concentration of NPs. Phytochemical screening of apical, middle and basal leaves showed elevated phenolic and flavonoid contents in the range of 15.3–59 μg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/mg Dry Weight (DW) and 10–35 μg Querceitin Equivalent (QE)/mg DW, respectively, in NPs‐treated plants. Antioxidant activity was higher in CuO NPs‐treated plants as compared to ZnO and control plants. Results conclude that CuO and ZnO NPs at low concentrations can be exploited as nanofertilisers in agriculture fields.Inspec keywords: biochemistry, enzymes, renewable materials, crops, nanoparticles, soil, nanofabrication, zinc compounds, organic compounds, agricultural products, toxicology, nanobiotechnologyOther keywords: antioxidative response, ZnO nanoparticles exposure, soil conditions, unique physiochemical properties, germination, antioxidant activities, brassica nigra plant, antioxidant activity, CuO NP‐treated plants, control plants, ZnO NPs effect, mass 15.3 mug to 59.0 mug, mass 10.0 mug to 35.0 mug, CuO, ZnO     

Essential oil composition of commercial black tea (Camellia sinensis)

The essential oil components of different tea brands were investigated by gas chromatography. The oil yields of dried tea samples were ranged from 0.09% to 0.63%. Twenty-five compounds from Supreme and Lipton Yellow Label tea brands representing 98.0% and 88.0% of the Camellia sinensis oil were identified, respectively. The main ones were β-pinene (51.2%) and α-pinene (30.2%). Nineteen components from Tapal tea brand representing 76.7% of the C. sinensis oil were determined with high contents of muurol-5-en-4-a-ol (10.5%) and muurol-5-en-4-b-ol (31.3%). Fifteen components from Deer and Diana tea brands were identified, accounting for 83.3% and 78.2% of the oil containing α-cadinol and β-pinene. Seventeen components from non-branded teas were determined with high contents of muurol-5-en-4-a-ol and muurol-5-en-4-b-ol. Twenty-one compounds from non-branded Bangladeshi Shezan and Indian teas were also identified. All oils consisted of monoterpenic hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes.     

浅谈AutoCAD的用户定制

以AutoCAD的普通用户为对象 ,给出了普通用户定制的常用方法和中小企业设备管理部门样板文件、CAD标准的建立方法 ,以期提高一般CAD用户的使用效率