Mathematical models for water vapour resistance prediction of printed garments

The human body has developed a thermo‐regulatory system that maintains an inner body temperature of approximately 37 °C. At excessive body temperatures, sweat mechanisms activate, resulting in a decrease in body temperature through sweat evaporation. Garments, depending on their characteristics, extensively affect the heat interchange process between the human body and the environment. Different printing processes change the characteristics of textile materials and therefore the garments made from these materials. This paper investigates the influence of digital printing parameters on the thermo‐physiological features of textile materials. The effects of printing parameters on thermo‐physiological characteristics of substrate materials were determined by measuring water vapour resistance. The obtained results show that printing parameters, in combination with material composition and material texture, have a large effect on the thermo‐physiological characteristics of textiles.     

Design of 100 μW Wireless Sensor Nodes for Biomedical Monitoring

Wireless sensor nodes span a wide range of applications. This paper focuses on the biomedical area, more specifically on healthcare monitoring applications. Power dissipation is the dominant design constraint in this domain. This paper shows the different steps to develop a digital signal processing architecture for a single channel electrocardiogram application, which is used as an application example. The target power consumption is 100 μW as that is the power energy scavengers can deliver. We follow a bottleneck-driven approach: first the algorithm is tuned to the target processor, then coarse grained clock-gating is applied, next the static as well as the dynamic dissipation of the digital processor is reduced by tuning the core to the target domain. The impact of each step is quantified. A solution of 11 μW is possible for both radio and DSP running the electrocardiogram algorithm.

Use of molecular simulation for evaluating adsorption equilibrium of inhalation anaesthetic agents on metal–organic frameworks

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were studied as alternatives to zeolites and activated carbon for adsorptive removal of wasted inhalation anaesthetic agents (IAA). Monte Carlo simulation was used to predict equilibrium adsorption isotherms of IAA on selected MOFs. Rather than generic forcefields (FFs), the all-atom FF parameters published by Arcario were used for IAA modelling. Continuous fractional component Monte Carlo (CFCMC) proved crucial for speedy simulation of large molecules. We found that allocating 70% probability to the CFlambdaSwap move gave optimum fits between simulation and experiment. The simulations provided us with an insight into the adsorption mechanisms of IAA in these structures. Heats of adsorption, Brauner-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area, and total pore volume were deduced to be the crucial parameters for low, medium, and high range of relative pressures in the isotherm. Therefore, the chromium atoms in MIL-101-Cr are better adsorbers of IAA than MIL-100-Al at lower pressures despite the similarities in terms of the type of linkers and topology. Our simulation results corroborated the earlier published studies on the self-association behaviour of sevoflurane molecules based on the experimental isotherms reported for MOF-177-Zn. Finally, the high polarity of IAA is thought to explain good low-pressure simulation/experiment data agreement for the MOFs possessing coordinatively unsaturated sites (CUS) despite using generic DREIDING FF for the framework atoms. Our in-house parsing code helped realize that the grand-canonical Monte-Carlo simulation speed is not the same for all pressure points but decreases for higher pressure points. This can be explained by increased density of the adsorbates making successful trial moves less probable.     

Investigation of antioxidant synergisms and antagonisms among thymol, carvacrol, thymoquinone and p-cymene in a model system using the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction

Auto-oxidation of lipids has been recognised as a major deterioration process affecting both the sensory and nutritional quality of foods; the application of antioxidants is one of the technically simplest ways of reducing this process. Previous reports showed that these compounds were found in selected aromatic plants and that thymol, carvacrol, thymoquinone and p-cymene as constituents of different essential oils possess substantial antioxidant activity. In the present study their antioxidant capacities were evaluated using the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction method.Our results indicate that the majority of the antioxidant mixtures demonstrated some level of discrepancy in antioxidant capacity when compared to individual values of their constituents. The strong antagonistic effect was found only when thymoquinone was paired with p-cymene. All other combinations of two antioxidants clearly showed some degree of synergistic effect. The mixtures of three antioxidants showed a decrease in antioxidant capacity when compared to their individual values. The results obtained for more complex mixtures of four antioxidants showed a decrease in antioxidant capacity, indicating and confirming that the antagonistic effect between thymoquinone and p-cymene overrides the synergistic effect of other pairs.     

A Distributed,Simultaneously Multi-Threaded (SMT) Processor with Clustered Scheduling Windows for Scalable DSP Performance

A scalable, distributed, processor architecture is presented that emphasizes on high performance computing for digital signal processing applications by combining high frequency design techniques with a very high degree of parallel processing on a chip. The architecture is based on a superscalar processor model with a modified Tomasulo scheme that was extended to eliminate all central control structures for the data flow and to support simultaneous instruction issue from multiple independent threads [simultaneously multi-threaded (SMT)]. Consequent application of fine clustering reduces the cycle-time for wire-sensitive building blocks of the processor like the register file and the scheduling window and leads to a distributed architecture model, where independent thread processing units, arithmetic logic units, registers files and memories are distributed across the chip and communicate with each other by special network. A special communication protocol replaces broadcasting and associative compare of destination tags in a centralised instruction scheduler with explicit operand transfer instructions, thus decentralizing the control of the data flow to the greatest extent. As a result, the processor cycle time does neither depend on the issue bandwidth of a single thread nor on the execution bandwidth of the SMT processor. This makes the performance of the architecture scalable with both the number of function and the number of thread units without having any impact on the processors cycle-time. Performance and scalability of the proposed microarchitecture is demonstrated with critical signal processing kernels from the MPEG-4 video coding standard on a cycle-true simulator.

Tesla’s Fountain – Modeling and simulation in ceramics technology

In this paper, we present Tesla’s Fountain in ceramics technology reconstruction from basic 3D model, simulation of the engine, light and fluids till the real materialization. As the one of the most important model purposes, we enrich this solution by additional multicolor lights. All of this elements are designed based on Tesla’s original patent no. 1,113,716, US patent office, granted Oct,13. In this model we applied ceramics technology based on ceramic materials casting and sintering. At the time when the patent was granted, the metal materials science and technologies were more advanced than the ceramics technology and applications. We performed all materials characteristics analyses and preparation steps based on the one author’s patent no. 46121, Serbia patent office, granted 21.12.1991. This is one original two patents solution with complete new over-bridging by the state-of-the-art computer modeling and simulation technology.     

Algorithmic differentiation of an industrial airfoil design tool coupled with the adjoint CFD method

Optimization and Engineering - Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems and tools are considered essential for industrial design. They construct and manipulate the geometry of a certain component with...     

Relation between urinary cytology abnormalities and cyclosporine A therapy in bone marrow transplant recipients

The aim of the study was to determine the relationship, if any, between abnormalities in urinary cytology and the administration of cyclosporine A in bone marrow transplant recipients. Specific attention was given to the presence of tubular cells with round inclusions (TCRI). Two bone marrow transplant recipient groups were studied: one with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) (20 patients) who were treated with cyclosporine A, and the other with autologous BMT (12 patients) who did not receive cyclosporine A. Urinary cytology showed TCRI in 41.66% of the patients after autologous BMT and in 80% of the patients after allogeneic BMT. In the group of patients treated with allogeneic BMT, the occurrence of TCRI was associated with a high incidence of glycosuria and was followed by an increase in the blood level of cyclosporine A, an increase in the serum creatinine concentration and a decrease in the creatinine clearance. These results demonstrated that TCRI, although related to, were not found to be exclusively specific to the administration of cyclosporine A.