Occupational airway diseases in the metalworking industry Part 1: Respiratory infections, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Occupational airway diseases are now receiving attention in industry, although study is hampered by a lack of readily-available data. The interpretation of the data that is available, and also of the root problems themselves, is itself a difficult problem. This paper has been written as a literature review which it is hoped that other researchers can take either as a starting point or as a refresher.     

Experimental Electronuclear Setup at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

The purpose and current construction status, at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, of an experimental electronuclear setup, combining a pulsed proton linear accelerator (36 MeV, 0.5 mA) and a subcritical blanket thermal-power assembly 100 kW, are discussed. The main equipment is already available or is being built in industry. The setup can be used to investigate the dynamics of the interaction of a linac–driver and a subcritical reactor and problems concerning the accelerator–driver and the target–blanket assembly. The proton beams and neutron fluxes will be used for applied purposes. In the future it will be possible to increase substantially the current and energy of the proton beam.     

Anfangsvorgänge bei Lichtenbergschen Figuren

Zusammenfassung Aufnahmen von Lichtenbergschen Figuren mit kurzen Spannungsstößen zeigen, daß bisher bekanntgewordene Bilder solcher Entladungsfiguren bereits ein verhältnismäßig weit vorgeschrittenes Stadium darstellen. Es gelingt mittels kurzer Stöße erste lawinenartige Anfänge der Figuren festzuhalten und einiges über Vorgänge im Anfangsstadium herauszulesen. Die negative Figur beginnt lawinenförmig an bevorzugten Stellen der Kathode. Bei nebeneinander entstandenen Lawinen ist sehr gut die gegenseitige Abstoßung infolge gleicher Ladung zu beobachten. Die Entladung hat einen geschichteten Aufbau. Die positiven Figuren bilden sich später aus. Es sprechen jedoch bisher keinerlei Anzeichen für ein Hinwachsen der Fäden zur Anode. Die Kanäle verjüngen sich zur Anode hin und selbst bei kurzen Stoßzeiten endet kein einziger vor der Anode. Auch die Art der gegenseitigen Abstoßung der positiven Fäden spricht mehr für ein Vorwachsen von der Anode aus. Aus den Farbaufnahmen ergibt sich für die filmschwärzende Strahlung eine Wellenlänge unter 450 m.     

Influence of inhibitor addition on the corrosion protection performance of sol–gel coatings on AA2024

Sol–gel films are actively investigated during the last decade as possible candidates for environmentally friendly pre-treatments. However, the important drawback in this case is the lack of active corrosion protection and self-healing ability.     

Kinetic of CO2 absorption and carbamate formation in aqueous solutions of diethanolamine

The absorption rates of CO₂ into aqueous solutions of Diethanolamine (DEA) with varying concentrations from 0.2 to 4M and temperature range from 293 to 323 K were measured by using a laboratory stirred reactor. The CO₂ partial pressure was varied in a range that the reaction would occur in pseudo first order regime. Experimental data were analyzed and the kinetic parameters associated with the reaction were determined. The activation energy for the deprotonation of the intermediate zwitterion was estimated at about 11.4 kcal/mol. The contribution of carbamate formation to the overall absorbed CO₂ was experimentally evaluated and found to be of the order of 100%.     

Chemical changes in polyvinyl fluoride during the process of fibre-spinning

Conclusions The change in some properties of polyvinyl fluoride during the process of fibre spinning has been investigated.It has been found that during the process of converting PVF powder into fibre, the degree of polymer crystallinity plus its resistance to thermal and thermooxidative degradation is increased; depending on the spinning regime, the densities and physicomechanical properties of PVF fibres are different.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 34–35, July–August, 1984.