N(3) soordination by a purine analog. The crystal structure of trichloro(8-azaadeninium)zinc(II)

Duplication of the straight sinus is often noted in the venous phase of carotid angiograms. Since this vascular anomaly is rarely described in the literature, the authors present its incidence in a series of 700 cases, and consider its embryological origins and clinical significance.     

Sarcoidosis and thyrotoxicosis: A study of five patients

Regional blood flow of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and cardiac output have been determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing from 30-726 g. The cardiac output (ml/min per kg) was highest in rats weighing 80-100 g. In heavier rats the cardiac output decreased proportionally with the body weight. The gradient of blood flow to the different parts of the GI tract develops step by step. In the weaning period the blood flow (ml/min per g tissue) through the stomach was less than that through the distal parts of the GI tract. However, the blood flow through the small intestine, cecum and large intestine was uniform at this age. In rats weighing 80-100 g the blood flow through both the cecum and large intestine was less than that through the small intestine. The gradient in blood flow through the various segments of small intestine developed last.     

Reductions in self-injury produced by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is used to reduce pain but also may be useful for self-injurious behavior (SIB). In the current investigation, a microcurrent electromedical device, classified as a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS), was applied with a man with Down syndrome who displayed SIB that persisted in the absence of social contingencies. Although clinically significant results were not maintained, a clear difference in the rates of SIB during active and inactive TENS was observed.     

Misinterpretation of body sensations in panic disorder

Cognitive accounts of panic predict that panic disorder patients will be particularly prone to misinterpret autonomic sensations. Several studies have produced results consistent with this prediction, but each is open to alternative interpretation. To clarify matters, 2 studies administered the Body Sensations Interpretation Questionnaire (BSIQ) to panic patients and controls. Panic patients were more likely to interpret ambiguous autonomic sensations as signs of immediately impending physical or mental disaster and were more likely than other anxiety disorder patients and nonpatients to believe these interpretations. In a 3rd study, a brief version of the BSIQ was shown to have satisfactory test-retest reliability, to change with treatment, and to discriminate treatments that varied in their effects on panic.     

Big and little forms of osteoclast activating factor

We have further characterized osteoclast activating factor (OAF) using a bioassay for bone resorption which utilizes the release of previously incorporated (45)Ca from fetal rat long bones in organ culture. When supernatant media from activated leukocyte cultures were concentrated on Amicon PM10 membranes (assigned molecular weight cutoff 10,000 daltons) and chromatographed on Sephadex G-50 columns, the bone-resorbing activity eluted between the molecular weight markers chymotrypsinogen (25,000 daltons) and cytochrome c (12,500 daltons). This peak of biological activity has been called big OAF. When filtrates from the PM10 membranes were concentrated on Amicon UM2 membranes (assigned molecular weight cutoff 1,000 daltons) and chromatographed on Sephadex G-50 columns, some of the biological activity eluted between the molecular weight markers chymotrypsinogen and cytochrome c (big OAF), but there was a separate peak of biological activity which eluted with [(3)H]proline (140 daltons). This second peak has been called little OAF. Little OAF was eluted from Bio-Gel P6 columns between the molecular weight markers calcitonin (approximately 3,500 daltons) and vitamin B(12) (1,330 daltons), but was retained by Spectrapor dialysis tubing (nominal molecular weight cutoff 3,500 daltons). Big OAF was converted to little OAF by equilibration in 1 M NaCl or 2 M urea. Little OAF was self-associated back to big OAF by equilibration in buffers of low ionic strength (Tris-HCl 10-50 mM). Little OAF was extracted into the organic phase in ethyl acetate after acidification of the sample to pH 3.5. The biological activity remained in the aqueous phase after ethyl acetate extraction at pH 7.5-8.4. Little OAF has been purified more than 6,000-fold compared with the original material so that bone-resorbing activity is maximal in a sample with a protein concentration of 80 ng/ml.     

Peculiarities of primary and secondary structure of phage FI-1 DNA

The composition of nitrous bases of phage FI-1 DNA was studied. As is evidenced from the values of buoyant density in CsCl (p=1,7093 g/cm(3)), melting temperature (T degrees m=86,05 degrees), spectral parameters and direct chromatographic determination, the DNA analysed contains 41,5 mole% pairs of guanine-cystosine. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and other anomalous bases were not found. Chemical identification and jaxtposition of data of buoyant density in CsCl and Cs2SO4 (p=1,4466 g/cm(3)) and T degrees m. showed the presence of the extra-sugar component in DNA, most likely in the form of hentibiose. Spectral character of thermal denaturation of DNA in different solvents is indicative of the double helixity of its structure. DNA is characterized by enthalpies of conformational transitions "helix coil" (deltaH=12,3 kcal/g) and (deltaH=10 kcal/g) for the solvents, 1 x SSC, and 0,1 x SSC, correspondingly. The presence of extra-sugar in DNA with standard set of nitrous bases is discussed.     

Studies on the production of precooked flours from beans and cowpeas, alone and combined by cooking. Dehydration]

A review is presented of vesical-related paragangliomas and 3 cases are reported. Methods for early diagnosis, including selective angiographic demonstration, and treatment of these rare tumors are discussed. A multi-team approach by the urologist, endocrinologist and anesthesiologist is stressed for better control of potentially dangerous vasomotor changes during diagnosis and surgical treatment of this tumor.     

Peutz-Jeghers polyposis with metastasizing duodenal carcinoma

A case of Peutz-Jeghers polyposis associated with duodenal carcinoma but without cutaneous pigmentation was presented. Duodenal carcinoma is the most commonly associated neoplasm. The presence of vitiligo in this patient is coincidental. Of 14 reported cases of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated with intestinal carcinoma, in only two was the tumor shown to originate in the polyp. In our case, too, we believe the carcinoma developed independently.     

The effect of physician-controlled health insurance. U.S. v. Oregon State Medical Society

The trial record in an antitrust case against the Oregon State Medical Society, finally decided in 1952, was examined to reconstruct the behavior of a competitive market for health insurance coverage. Health insurers, called "hospital associations," were found to have engaged individually in cost-control efforts similar to, but possibly more aggressive than, today's utilization review under professional sponsorship. The subsequent disappearance of these insurer-initiated cost controls in Oregon is traced to the medical society's organization of a competing Blue Shield plan as a model of insurer conduct and to a simultaneous boycott by physicians of the hospital associations as long as they persisted in questioning doctors' practices. Some modern parallels are noted, and the advantages of fostering privately sponsored cost-control efforts are suggested.