Prevalence and risk factors in serous arthritis in the carpal joint of Norwegian coldblooded trotters

Of 508 four-year-old coldblooded trotters examined for carpitis, 135 (27%) had the condition. Thirty horses had unilateral carpitis on the left frontlimb, 52 on the right frontlimb and 53 had bilateral carpitis. Of these horses, 105 were stallions, 135 were geldings and 269 were mares. The prevalence of carpitis in these three groups was 25%, 25% and 28%, respectively. Information was obtained on the training regimes in four periods of the life of 378 horses. The odds ratios for the training variables were of the same order in all four periods. In logistic regression analyses on the training variables for the first period for the variable percentage of carpitis within each progeny group (sire index), the odds ratio corresponding to a 10% increase in sire index was 1.7 (1.4, 2.1) (95% confidence interval of the odds ratio). The odds ratios for leaving the horses out in a paddock, walking in a jogcart and fast training, or not in each case, were 0.4 (0.2, 0.9), 2.5 (1.2, 5.3) and 2.0 (0.9, 4.4), respectively. This implies a decreased risk of developing carpitis for horses left out in a paddock as a two-year-old, and a 2.5 and 2.0 times increased risk of carpitis occuring in horses exposed to walking in a jogcart and fast training, respectively. Information on the feeding regimes during the first, second and third year collected by a questionnaire revealed no association with carpitis beyond that which could be ascribed to chance. The rations offered were within normal ranges except for calcium, which was below recommended levels.     

Regulation of organelle movement in melanophores by protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)

We used melanophores, cells specialized for regulated organelle transport, to study signaling pathways involved in the regulation of transport. We transfected immortalized Xenopus melanophores with plasmids encoding epitope-tagged inhibitors of protein phosphatases and protein kinases or control plasmids encoding inactive analogues of these inhibitors. Expression of a recombinant inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) results in spontaneous pigment aggregation. alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), a stimulus which increases intracellular cAMP, cannot disperse pigment in these cells. However, melanosomes in these cells can be partially dispersed by PMA, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC). When a recombinant inhibitor of PKC is expressed in melanophores, PMA-induced pigment dispersion is inhibited, but not dispersion induced by MSH. We conclude that PKA and PKC activate two different pathways for melanosome dispersion. When melanophores express the small t antigen of SV-40 virus, a specific inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), aggregation is completely prevented. Conversely, overexpression of PP2A inhibits pigment dispersion by MSH. Inhibitors of protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) do not affect pigment movement. Therefore, melanosome aggregation is mediated by PP2A.     

基于非下采样Contourlet变换的指纹图像超分辨率重建

非下采样Contourlet变换(Nonsubsampled contourlet transform,NSCT)采用非抽样金字塔结构和非抽样方向滤波器组构成,具有Contourlet变换所不具备的平移不变性、较高冗余度等优良特性,而且能够克服伪吉布斯现象。图像经过非下采样Contourlet变换后分解成多尺度、多方向的细节信息,这些细节信息代表了图像不同频带不同方向的特征,这就简化了系数之间的关系。基于学习的超分辨率重建算法具有整体的预测性,将非下采样Contourlet变换和基于学习的算法相结合,在一定程度上提高训练精度。针对指纹图像的实验证明该算法具有良好的性能,重建的图像纹理性细节信息较好,基本保持了原指纹图像的特征点,更接近于原始的高分辨率图像。     

基于欧姆龙NJ控制器的半自动芯片封装机

在介绍半导体热熔型塑胶封装工艺流程的基础上,对于采用欧姆龙NJ系列高性能多功能一体化新型控制器的芯片封装设备研发,给出关键论题的多方案创新性研讨.     

模型桥墩局部冲刷瞬时地形数据自动获取装备研制

模型试验中冲刷地形测绘装备相对落后,致使桥墩周围局部冲刷瞬时地形数据无法实时获取,冲刷动态发展过程及机理的模型试验研究工作难以开展。研制了一种模型桥墩局部冲刷瞬时地形数据等值线自动绘制装备,并利用室内水工模型试验优化了各组成的性能指标,量化了绘制装备的设计参数,分析了监测系统在模型应用中的测绘精度及在工程原型中的适用性。模型试验研究表明,该装备结构简单,操作方便,加工制作成本较低,精度及灵敏性较高,能够快速获取动态过程中局部冲刷瞬时地形等值线,适用于局部冲刷发展影响流场特性研究中的水下地形快速测绘,也可按放大比尺制作成型后应用于涉水建筑物周围水下地形监测。     

基于Virtools的虚拟现实技术及在特种设备教学中的应用

本文以电梯为研究对象,运用虚拟现实技术建立电梯虚拟样机,开发了一种电梯零部件识别系统用于电梯司机的考核。现行的考核方式存在过程繁琐、成绩统计困难等问题,就这些问题提出了合理的解决方案,并将方案应用于开发的系统中。该系统是虚拟现实技术在特种设备领域的全新应用,构建的虚拟电梯完整地呈现了真实的电梯,而且可以从多角度观察其结构的每个细节,方便教学与考核。系统结合SolidWorks、3Dmax、Virtools等软件,以触摸选择为主要的操作方式,具有优良的操作性与交互性,且投资少、开发周期短。     

宁夏引黄灌区末段区域农业水资源配置研究

为探索农业水资源配置的新模式,以"自然—人工"二元水循环理论为基础,以宁夏引黄灌区末段区域(石嘴山市)为研究区,分析农田水循环过程,提出"引沟济渠"农田灌溉水源调配新思路。以农田灌溉水质要求、灌溉水量需求以及水资源管理用水红线为约束,借助MATLAB优化工具进行模拟计算,结果表明:在满足农田灌溉水质的前提下,取用惠农渠水4.83亿m~3、第五排水沟水0.92亿m~3、唐徕渠水0.82亿m~3、第三排水沟水0.31亿m~3,可节约黄河水1.23亿m~3;在上游排水沟水质较差情况下水质是主要约束条件,在上游排水沟水质较好情况下排水量是主要约束条件;实施"引沟济渠"模式应本着"差水控量,好水用尽"的原则,充分利用上游排水沟的来水。该农业水资源利用模式可节约渠灌水,做到"一水多用、多水联用",为干旱区灌区水资源配置提供借鉴。     

不同频率激励信号下土壤水分传感器性能试验

激励信号频率是影响高频电容式土壤水分传感器性能的重要因素。利用去离子水和2—异丙氧基乙醇(2—isoproxyethanol)或二氧六环(dioxane)2种溶液混合,配制了一系列等效土壤体积含水率为0.9%~51.8%的待测介电溶液来替代土样。从与土壤含水率的函数关系、温度变异性2个方面,分别对激励信号频率为40,50,60,70,80,90,100 MHz的7种土壤水分传感器进行了性能测试与分析。结果表明:7种频率的传感器的输出电压均与土壤体积含水率呈线性负相关,其相关系数R2均大于0.94;激励信号频率不影响传感器输出电压的温度变异性,温差是影响温度变异性的主要因素,其最大变异率均小于4%。试验结果可为设计高频电容式土壤水分传感器时选择激励信号频率提供依据。     

基于无线传感器网络的小粒种咖啡园滴灌自动控制系统

为实现小粒种咖啡种植园的精量灌溉,达到节水增收的目的,基于无线传感器网络（WSNs）设计了一种滴灌自动控制系统,主要由传感器节点、簇头、控制节点和汇聚节点组成.测试了节点间的有效通信距离为50m,并在此基础上,采用静态簇和节点定位布置的方法进行了灌区划分和节点部署,每个灌区为边长50m的正方形,内设1个簇头、1个控制节点和4个传感器节点.采用定时通信与时间同步技术、休眠技术相结合的方法实现节点数据的无线传输,融合土壤含水率、光强和空气温湿度等信息,采用分区轮灌策略实现滴灌的自动控制.实验结果表明：系统实现了预期设计目标,能应用于小粒咖啡园的精量灌溉管理.