Effect of Antioxidants on Malonaldehyde Production and Fatty Acid Composition in Pieces of Bovine Muscle and Adipose Tissue Stored Fresh and Frozen

TBA-reactive material was produced in pieces of bovine semitendinosus muscle and adipose tissue during storage at 2° 2°C and ?10° 2°C. The process was faster in muscle than in adipose tissue and the total content, higher at 2°C than at ?10°C. The effect of sprying butylated hydroxytoluene and a citric acid-EDTA-ascorbic acid mixture on the production of malonaldehyde was studied. Declines in both saturated and unsaturated fatty acid proportions of the polar lipids without increases in the content of free fatty acids suggests that enzymes involved in lipid catabolism remain active at low temperatures. Whereas lipid breakdown was unaffected, malonaldehyde production was inhibited by sprying antioxidants in early stages of the slaughtering process.     

Crystal Chemistry of Hydrous Calcium Silicates: I, Substitution of Aluminum in Lattice of Tobermorite

Mixtures of 0.8 moles of CaO per mole of SiO₂ plus Al₂O₃ were prepared from lime, kaolin, and tripoli (microcrystalline quartz); the amounts of SiO₂ to Al₂O₃ were varied to give from 0.2 to 20.7% Al₂O₃ by weight of dry solids. After hydrothermal treatment (170° to 175°C.), the products were examined by differential thermal analysis and by X-ray diffraction. A homogeneous solid identified as the mineral tobermorite (4CaO.5SiO₂.5H₂O) and containing up to 4 or 5% Al₂O₃ was obtained. Increasing the amount of Al₂O₃ in the raw mixture above about 5% resulted in the formation of the hydrogarnet 3CaO.Al₂O₃.SiO₂.4H₂O as a second phase. Allowing for the Al₂O₃ combined in this solid, it was indicated that slightly more Al₂O₃ was substituted in the tobermorite as the amount was increased in the raw mixture. It is suggested that the Al³⁺ ions probably assume tetrahedral coordination when substituting for the Si⁴⁺ ions.     

SOLUBLE PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN PURPLE, GREEN AND WHITE EGGPLANTS

Soluble peroxidase activity extracted from purple, green and white eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) was measured spectrophotometrically. Activity was significantly higher in the white variety than in the other two. The isozyme patterns were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purple and green had 3 major isozyme bands between 0.8 and 0.9 Rf while the white contained 2. Only the white and purple cultivars contained bands between 0.06 and 0.3 and 0.6 and 0.7 Rf.     

ACTUARIAL, NAIVE CLINICAL, AND SOPHISTICATED CLINICAL PREDICTION OF PATHOLOGY FROM FIGURE DRAWINGS.

87 PAIRS OF FIGURE DRAWINGS, 37 BY NORMALS AND 50 BY PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS, WERE GIVEN TO 27 CLINICAL STUDENTS AND 6 EXPERIENCED CLINICIANS, ALONG WITH A COMPLETE ACCOUNT OF THE PERTINENT RESEARCH FINDINGS OF HILER AND NESVIG. SS WERE ASKED TO JUDGE WHETHER THE DRAWINGS WERE NORMAL OR PATHOLOGICAL. THE STUDENTS WERE SUPERIOR TO THE CLINICIANS IN THE TASK, AND 23% OF THEM WERE SUPERIOR TO AN ACTUARIAL FORMULA THAT HAD BEEN CONSTRUCTED PREVIOUSLY. DATA WERE INTERPRETED TO SUPPORT THE RELATIVE SUPERIORITY OF SOPHISTICATED OVER NAIVE CLINICAL PREDICTION AND THE POSSIBILITY THAT IN SOME CIRCUMSTANCE IT MAY BE SUPERIOR TO ACTUARIAL FORMULAS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

DISCRIMINANT ANALYSES OF THE SVIB FOR FEMALE STUDENTS IN FIVE COLLEGE CURRICULA.

MULTIPLE DISCRIMINANT-FUNCTION ANALYSIS DISCLOSED THAT GROUPS OF STUDENTS MAJORING IN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY, PHYSICAL THERAPY, MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY, NURSING, AND EDUCATION COULD BE SUCCESSFULLY DISTINGUISHED FROM EACH OTHER, ON THE BASIS OF 29 SCALES OF THE SVIB FOR WOMEN. FURTHERMORE, 2 DISCRIMINANT ANALYSES USING 11 SCALES ALSO INDICATED SUCCESSFUL DISCRIMINATION. 2 DISCRIMINANT FUNCTIONS WERE SIGNIFICANT IN EACH ANALYSIS AND THE CONFIGURATION OF THE GROUPS IN THE DISCRIMINANT SPACE AND THE EFFICIENCY OF CLASSIFICATION FOR ALL ANALYSES WERE HIGHLY SIMILAR. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT THE SVIB SHOULD BE A USEFUL INSTRUMENT FOR DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN COLLEGE MAJORS WHEN UTILIZING DISCRIMINANT-FUNCTION ANALYSIS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Inhibition of Horse Bean and Germinated Barley Lipoxygenases by Some Phenolic Compounds

Phenolic compounds have been repeatedly implicated as potent antioxidants. Efficiency has been frequently estimated by radical scavenging activity and few reports have considered lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition. Horse bean LOX was inhibited by a range of phenolic acids, gallates and flavonoids. All compounds tested were uncompetitive inhibitors with the exception of flavonol aglycons which were non competitive type. In each class of compounds, inhibition constants were strongly affected by structures. Inhibition patterns of (-)-epicatechin on germinated barley LOXs were detailed: (-)-epicatechin acted as an uncompetitive inhibitor while (-)-epicatechin reduced hydroperoxide formation by its radical scavenging activity and thus limited enzyme activation.     

Decorated Dislocations in Magnesia Crystals

Diffusion of iron ions into magnesia single crystals at 1350° C in a moist atmosphere produces a host lattice of magnesiowüstite. Spinel dissolved in the lattice at this temperature precipitates on dislocations during cooling. The precipitates are large enough to be viewed with a transmission microscope. Reheat treatment of the crystals containing decorated dislocations in atmospheres of CO₂-H₂ results in rather gross dendritic voids through the reduction of the ferric ion. Chemically induced vacancies were found to result in the formation of helical and prismatic loop dislocation arrangements typical of vacancy condensation mechanisms. The spacing of rows of prismatic loops was found to be in agreement with the values predicted by the equations of Bullough and Newman if one assumes a critical shear value of 5(10)⁻⁶μ for magnesiowüstite at 1350°C.