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221.
Saba Gul Mushtaq Ahmad Muhammad Zafar Saraj Bahadur Shazia Sultana Shomaila Ashfaq Fazal Ullah Omer Kilic Fayyaz ul Hassan Zafar Siddiq 《Microscopy research and technique》2019,82(3):206-223
Foliar epidermal features were based on the micromorphology of trichomes types, epidermal cells and stomatal complex. Even though each feature has its own limited taxonomic value but collectively these characteristics may be systematically important especially for the discrimination and identification of complex and problematic taxa. The systematics significance of nonglandular (NGTs) and glandular trichomes (GTs), stomatal complex and epidermal cells of Lamiaceous flora were analyzed by using the light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Variations on the observed epidermal appendages were divided into two basic types: glandular and nonglandular. GTs can be divided into subtypes: sessile capitate, subsessile capitate, and barrel and sunken. NGTs were also divided into subtypes: dendritic, stellate, conical, falcate, simple and 1–6 cells long having granulate and smooth surface ornamentation. NGTs were the most dominant features of both adaxial and abaxial surfaces of all observed taxa. Vitex negundo, Isodon rugosus, Colebrookea oppositifolia, and Marrubium vulgare could be demarked because of their twisted like appearance of NGTs at the abaxial surface. The Lamiaceae had both hypostomatic and amphistomatic leaf. Stomata were observed as diacytic, anisocytic, and anomocytic. Epidermal cells were found to be irregular, isodiametric, and rectangular. Based on these characters a taxonomic key was developed to delimit the closely related taxa. Distribution and morphology of the foliar epidermal trichomes through SEM highlight an important taxonomic tool used by the taxonomists as an aid to the correct identification of problematic Lamiaceae taxa. 相似文献
222.
Abida Bano Mushtaq Ahmad Sofia Rashid Muhammad Zafar Shomaila Ashfaq Saeed ur Rehman Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali Shazia Sultana Shabnum Shaheen Shafiq Ahmad 《Microscopy research and technique》2019,82(4):452-458
Pollen morphology of 10 species and foliar epidermal anatomy of eight species of Papilionaceae from Skardu valley, northern Pakistan has been estimated for the first time. The present study was commenced with an aim to provide a detailed account of the pollen morphology by scanning electron microscopy and foliar epidermal anatomy by light microscopy. The pollen aperture was tricolporate with reticulate exine in the selected species. Stomata types are actinocytic, paracytic, and anomocytic. Irregular or polygonal with undulate or straight walls, epidermal cells were reported. A unique diversity was observed in the foliar trichomes that show the taxonomic significance of the discrimination of taxa. Non‐glandular trichomes were observed in the selected species which are unicellular with thin, long and pointed apical cells. Pollen and foliar micro morphological characters proved to be helpful for the identification of taxa at a specific level. 相似文献
223.
Manas Barai Manas Kumar Mandal Habiba Sultana Emili Manna Sourav Das Kaushik Nag Soumen Ghosh Anuttam Patra Amiya Kumar Panda 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2020,23(5):891-902
Theoretical investigations on the micellization of mixtures of (i) amino acid-based anionic surfactants [AAS: N-dodecyl derivatives of aminomalonate, −aspartate, and -glutamate] and (ii) hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB), were carried out at different mole ratios. Variation in the theoretical values of critical micelle concentration (CMC), mole fraction of surfactants in the micellar phase (X), at the interface (Xσ), interaction parameters at the bulk/interface (βR/βσ), ideality/nonideality of the mixing processes, and activity coefficients (f) were evaluated using Rubingh, Rosen, Motomora, and Sarmoria-Puvvada-Blankschtein models. CMC values significantly deviate from the theroretically calculated values, indicating associative interaction. With increasing mole fraction of AAS (αAAS), the magnitude of the (βR/βσ) values gradually decreased, considered to attributable to hydrophobic interactions. With increasing αAAS, the micellar mole fraction of HTAB (X2) decreased insignificantly and X2 values were higher than those compared to AAS for all combinations, due to the dominance of HTAB in micelles. Micellar mole fraction at the ideal state of AAS () differed from micellar mole fraction of AAS (X1), indicating nonideality in the mixed micellization process. Gibbs free energy of micellization ( ∆Gm ) values are more negative than the free energy of micellization for ideal mixing (), indicating the micellization process is spontaneous. With increasing αAAS, the enthalpy of micellization (ΔHm) and entropy of micellization (ΔSm) values gradually increased, which indicates micellization is exothermic. The different physicochemical parameters of the mixed micelles are correlated with the variation in the spacer length between the two carboxylate groups of AAS. 相似文献
224.
Spent cumin seeds generated from ayurvedic industry as a source of bioactive compounds for nutraceutical/functional food applications
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K. B. Arun Janu Chandran V. V. Venugopal T. S. Madhavankutty P. Nisha 《Journal of Food Processing and Preservation》2018,42(1)
Spent cumin (SC) generated from the ayurvedic medicine industry was screened for essential oil, oleoresin and dietary fiber content; and compared with fresh cumin (FC). Significant amount of essential oil and oleoresin was retained in SC as compared to FC. The composition of essential oil from SC and FC were significantly different as evident from GC and GC/MS analysis. Percentage retention of the major flavor compound in cumin, cuminaldehyde, in SC was 80.05% with respect to that of FC. Essential oil from SC exhibited promising antimicrobial activities. Essential oil from SC inhibited C. tropicalis fungi (zone of inhibition 44 ± 2.25 mm), which was better than the standard drug clotrimazole. The oleoresin, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber contents of SC were 6.43, 5.36, and 66.1%, respectively. Soluble dietary fiber from SC exhibited potential water holding and swelling capacities and has better prebiotic properties, suggesting application as a functional food ingredient.
Practical applications
Value addition of agro‐industrial waste pertain great interest for research, as it is a probable source of bioactive phytochemicals. Spent cumin generated from the ayurvedic medicine industry was screened for bioactive components; and compared with fresh cumin. The study indicates that the cumin seed residue from industries could be utilized for further value addition for the recovery of essential oil, oleoresin, and antioxidant dietary fiber. The present work is of great significant to food/pharmaceutical industries in terms of better utilization of natural resources for sustainable development and to address the issue of environmental pollution by better management of industrial waste. 相似文献225.
Sultana Rebeka Mroczek Mike Sengupta Ashmita Dallman Suzanne Stein Eric D. 《Water Resources Management》2020,34(2):747-762
Water Resources Management - Sizing stormwater runoff control facilities and their performance relies on the amount of runoff generated from impervious cover in the watershed. Total impervious area... 相似文献
226.
Shahzeb U. Khan Muhammad Zafar Mushtaq Ahmad Farida Anjum Shazia Sultana Omer Kilic Fethi A. Ozdemir Abdul Nazir Ghulam Yaseen Sheikh Z. U. Aabidin Qamar Abbas Manzoor Ahmad Farhat Ullah Salman Majeed 《Microscopy research and technique》2019,82(9):1610-1620
The morphology of pollen grains of the 06 species of tribe Acacieae (Mimosaceae) belonging to one genus were investigated using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and light microscopic (LM) approach. Lactic acid acetolysis method was used for (LM) while non‐acetolysis for (SEM). The species were examined for the both qualitative and quantitative palynological features. Qualitatively the pollen was studied for the shape, exine sculpturing, pollen shape, and pollen type. Oblate spheroidal shape of pollen was observed in Accacia modesta. Subprolate shape in Accaca nilotica. In Accacia farnesiana, prolate pollen was examined while prolate spheroidal in Acacia tortilis and spheroidal pollen grains were studied in Acacia catechu, respectively. Pollen exine sculpturing of the studied tribe possesses novel variation. Foveolate, reticulate, foveolate‐psilate, faint reticulate, fossulate, perforate, and scrabate exine sculpturing were noticed. Colpi were absent in all species. Excessive variation was observed in both qualitative and quantitative character of pollen. SPSS software was use for the quantitative measurement of the pollen grains. The current study will be helpful for the identification of the problematic species and phylogenetic studies of family Mimosaceae. 相似文献
227.
Syzygium cumini seed exhibits antidiabetic potential via multiple pathways involving inhibition of α‐glucosidase,DPP‐IV,glycation, and ameliorating glucose uptake in L6 cell lines
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228.
Saraj Bahadur Mushtaq Ahmad Muhammad Zafar Shazia Sultana Najla Begum Shomaila Ashfaq Saba Gul Muhammad Saleem Khan Syed Nasar Shah Fazal Ullah Saddam Saqib Asma Ayaz 《Microscopy research and technique》2019,82(4):373-393
Palyno‐anatomical study of monocots taxa using Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was first time conducted with a view to evaluating their taxonomic significance. Studied plants were collected from different eco‐climatic zones of Pakistan ranges from tropical, sub‐tropical, and moist habitats. The aim of this study is to use palyno‐anatomical features for the correct identification, systematic comparison, and investigation to elucidate the taxonomic significance of these features, which are useful to taxonomists for identifying monocot taxa. A signification variation was observed in quantitative and qualitative characters by using the standard protocol of light microscopy (LM) and SEM. Epidermal cell length varied from maximum in Allium griffthianum (480 ± 35.9) μm at the adaxial surface to minimum in Canna indica (33.6 ± 8.53) μm on abaxial surface. Maximum exine thickness was observed in Canna indica (4.46) μm and minimum in Allium grifthianum (0.8) μm. Variation was observed in shape and exine ornamentation of the pollen, shape of the epidermal cell, number, size, and type of stomata, guard cell shape, and anticlinal wall pattern. Based on these palyno‐anatomical features a taxonomic key was developed, which help in the discrimination of studied taxa. In conclusion, LM and SEM pollen and epidermal morphology is explanatory, significant, and can be of special interest for the plant taxonomist in the correct identification of monocots taxa. 相似文献
229.
Anwer Usma Mushtaq Ahmad Muhammad Zafar Muhammad I. Ali Omer Kilic Fethi A. Ozdemir Shazia Sultana Abdul Nazir Farida Anjum Nomana Kalsoom 《Microscopy research and technique》2019,82(10):1649-1659
In recent study, 13 taxa of subfamily Panicoideae were investigated for morphological characterization of caryopsis. Light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were utilized to study macro‐ and micro‐morphological caryopsis features respectively. Caryopsis size in studied taxa was recorded as 1.5–10 mm long and 1–4 mm wide. Caryopsis color was brown, green, yellow, and whitish‐brown. Caryopsis shape studied was obovate, elliptic, linear oblate, and round shallowly obtriangular. Hilum position is grooved and depressed. Caryopsis compression type was lateral and dorsiventral. Major variations among studied taxa were observed in terms of caryopsis surface pattern and epicuticular projection types. Six types of caryopsis surface pattern were observed viz. scabrate, rugose, striate, reticulate, papillate, and scabridulous. Structures such as silica cells, bulges, spines, prickles, granules, and bicellular microhair were studied as epicuticular projections. Major variations were observed among Cenchrus pennisetiformis and Cenchrus ciliaris as both has entirely two different types of surface patterns and epicuticular projections. Anticlinal wall thickness and pattern as well as periclinal wall texture and level were investigated. The present research work emphasized on caryopsis characterization of subfamily Panicoideae and it is recommended to establish phylogeny within subfamily Panicoideae and with other subfamilies of Poaceae. 相似文献
230.
Two cases of induced healing of aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) following intralesional implantation of a bone paste made of autogeneic bone marrow and allogeneic bone powder are reported. The calcaneum in one case and the superior pubic ramus in the other were blown out by an ABC and would have required extensive surgery. Via a minimal exposure, the cyst was partially evacuated and filled with an admixture of a partially demineralized bone particles with bone marrow. Ossification of the peripheral shell was the first sign of healing and was observed within the first 3 postoperative months. Successful healing was observed in both cases. The rationale underlying this intralesional treatment was that the bone grafting material might reverse ABC expansion by promoting ossification through a bone induction mechanism. The concept of this treatment was to retain the ABC tissue, using its own intrinsic osteogenic potential to promote healing. By triggering intralesional new bone formation, the bone paste represented an effective means to reverse the expanding phase of ABC. The particulated bone allograft was easy to handle and to introduced in an irregular cavity. Moreover, as a complete cyst evacuation was not required, a minimal surgical approach could be used so that the risks and morbidity associated with an extensive approach were reduced. Its use is of particular interest in poorly accessible areas like the pelvis and spine. 相似文献