Improving Interoperability by Incorporating UnitsML Into Markup Languages

Maintaining the integrity of analytical data over time is a challenge. Years ago, data were recorded on paper that was pasted directly into a laboratory notebook. The digital age has made maintaining the integrity of data harder. Nowadays, digitized analytical data are often separated from information about how the sample was collected and prepared for analysis and how the data were acquired. The data are stored on digital media, while the related information about the data may be written in a paper notebook or stored separately in other digital files. Sometimes the connection between this “scientific meta-data” and the analytical data is lost, rendering the spectrum or chromatogram useless. We have been working with ASTM Subcommittee E13.15 on Analytical Data to create the Analytical Information Markup Language or AnIML—a new way to interchange and store spectroscopy and chromatography data based on XML (Extensible Markup Language). XML is a language for describing what data are by enclosing them in computer-useable tags. Recording the units associated with the analytical data and metadata is an essential issue for any data representation scheme that must be addressed by all domain-specific markup languages. As scientific markup languages proliferate, it is very desirable to have a single scheme for handling units to facilitate moving information between different data domains.At NIST, we have been developing a general markup language just for units that we call UnitsML. This presentation will describe how UnitsML is used and how it is being incorporated into AnIML.     

Synthesis and screening of thin films in the CeCl3-CeBr3 system for scintillator applications

Thin film samples of CeCl₃, CeBr₃, and combinatorial compositions along the CeCl₃-CeBr₃ join were produced using thermal evaporation, which is being evaluated as a method for rapid screening of scintillator materials. The combinatorial thin films were shown to be compositionally reproducible from run-to-run within reasonable limitations. Analytical results suggest a continuous variation in the combinatorial samples in terms of their compositions, crystal structures, and luminescence characteristics.     

永磁直线同步电机非线性模型的建立及稳态特性分析

采用解析－有限元混合法获得单初级PMLSM稳态运行时的磁场分布;利用后处理的磁链数据作为PMLSM磁链模型的非线性回归分析样本;采用支持向量机实现对磁链的非线性函数的逼近,改变PMLSM运行工况检验非线性磁链模型的正确性,采用此模型研究PMLSM的稳态特性,并对结果进行定性分析,给出合理的解释。在此非线性模型的基础上经过扩展可以得到多初级分段永磁直线同步电机模型。     

松软含水层下厚煤层大断面切眼支护研究

针对扎赉诺尔矿务局灵东煤矿特殊的地质条件——厚煤层、煤层上为松软含水层,基于理论分析、数值模拟和物理模拟进行了系统的研究,在此基础上提出了具体解决途径,使用合理的断面设计和锚杆索+网梁带综合支护技术很好地解决了上述切眼的支护问题。该技术的成功运用将获得巨大的安全和经济效益,为扎赉诺尔矿务局今后松软含水层下大断面切眼施工提供了一定的技术借鉴作用。     

竖直向下螺旋输送机输送性能的试验研究

为了研究立式螺旋输送机的输送性能对褐煤成型工艺的影响,以一定粒度的褐煤提质煤粉为工作介质,在不同的螺旋结构和转速下进行螺旋输送量的试验。通过分析表明,导料螺旋设计成变径螺旋叶片有利于咬料;变螺距螺旋结构可以获得较大的填充系数,有利于成型机的均匀布料及对物料的预压实要求;随着转速的提高,输送量增大,但由于离心力的作用,物料填充系数却有所降低,因此输送量不随转速成比例增加。试验结果为工业样机的设计提供了依据。     

H2-CO还原钛精粉的热重法试验

 采用热重分析法研究了H2-CO还原钛精粉的特征。热重、相组成和形貌分析表明：在纯H2基础上,配加CO还原钛精粉的热重曲线具有相似性,即质量分数首先随时间的延长而下降,达到平衡后维持一定时间,随后逐渐增加;在质量分数降低的过程中,失重率随H2含量的增加而增加;相反,在质量分数增加的过程中,增重率首先随CO含量的减小而增加,至80%CO时达到最大值,而后逐渐减小。要保证还原产物中铁元素主要以金属相、非渗碳体相形式存在的合理温度是1150℃;开始阶段由于氢气原子半径小、扩散能力强,H2含量高时,产物表面孔隙较多,利于气体传输,还原能力强,随后由于渗碳体参与还原反应,产生大量气体,产物破碎程度增强,增加了其比表面积。     

碘化钾-四丁基溴化铵-水体系浮选分离锗

研究了碘化钾-四丁基溴化铵-水体系浮选分离锗的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明, 在水溶液中, 锗与碘化钾和四丁基溴化铵形成不溶于水的三元缔合物[GeI₆^2-][ TBAB⁺]₂, 此三元缔合物浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相。当溶液中四丁基溴化铵和碘化钾的浓度分别为9.0×10^-4 mol/L和3.0×10^-2 mol/L, pH值为2时, 锗可与Ce、Cr、Ni、Mg、Fe、Zn、Sn、Zr、V、Co、Mo、Mn、Al、W、Ga、Rh、U、La 和Ti定量分离。采用方法对合成水样中锗进行分离和测定, 锗的浮选率为97.8%~100%。     

CO优化控制系统在加热炉中的应用

为了提高炼油厂常压装置加热炉的加热效率、降低能耗,宁夏石化公司炼油厂针对现有的加热炉燃烧控制技术分析比较后,决定引进理论配比燃烧优化技术。该技术在线测量加热炉烟气中CO的含量,作为炉内氧含量自动控制的依据来调节加热炉的燃烧配比,从而节约燃料,降低装置能耗,提高热效率,同时降低CO2和NOx等污染物的排放,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

纳米三氧化二锑阻燃应用分析

介绍了纳米三氧化二锑(Sb₂O₃)的结构与特性,在此基础上,综述了纳米Sb₂O₃表面有机改性及其在基体树脂中分散性的研究进展,包括母粒法、表面活性剂改性、偶联剂改性和原位聚合改性;阐述了Sb2O3的尺寸效应,介绍了纳米Sb₂O₃与含卤阻燃剂及无卤阻燃剂在聚合物材料中的协同阻燃研究进展;最后对Sb₂O₃纳米化的意义和发展方向进行了总结。     

飞机模拟器的一体化机械仪表驱动控制方法

仿真仪表系统是飞机模拟器的重要组成部分,也是飞行员和飞机模拟之间主要的交互界面.由于仿真机械仪表的复杂性和稳定性问题,其驱动和控制是飞机模拟器的主要难题之一.通过对现代机电控制技术的研究,提出了一种基于I2C总线,通用性强、接口统一、体积小、便于使用维护的一体化机械仪表的驱动控制方法.