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11.
To determine if the sexually dimorphic area (SDA) of the gerbil hypothalamus affects male sexual behavior through its projections to the retrorubral field (RRF) or ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (PAGvl), these pathways were lesioned asymmetrically. Unilateral radio frequency lesions of the lateral SDA (LSDA), the major source of the pathways, impaired mating when combined with contralateral RRF, but not PAGvl, lesions. N-methyl-{d}-aspartate (NMDA) lesions of the medial SDA, LSDA, and the area between them (the total pathway source) eliminated mating when combined with contralateral, but not ipsilateral, NMDA lesions of the RRF. To determine if A8 cells contributed to these effects, males received NMDA in the SDA and NMDA or 6-hydroxydopamine in the contralateral RRF. When combined with large SDA lesions, A8 lesions impaired but did not eliminate mating. Thus the SDA–RRF pathway, but not an SDA-A8 pathway, is essential for sexual behavior in male gerbils. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
12.
McQueen William; Meschino Richard; Pike Patricia; Poelstra Paul 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1994,25(3):283
Investigators have concluded that excessive numbers of errors in test administration and scoring are routinely committed by both graduate students and practicing psychologists. Developing new methods for teaching assessment is viewed as a major means of improving competency. Unlike previous studies, this investigation examined the impact of both lecture and laboratory interventions designed to improve graduate student performance in assessment. Interventions consisted of weekly lecture quizzes and a variety of laboratory interventions. The results suggest that the interventions used can significantly improve students' lecture and laboratory performance when compared with controls. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
13.
This study examines why people choose to self-disclose on "Donahue" and what role television plays in their lives prior to disclosure. Focused interviews were conducted with 29 informants between the ages of 12 and 68 who had appeared on the program. Analysis revealed that an evangelical fervor underpinned their decision, overshadowing other concerns about disclosure in a public forum. Informants generally reported low levels of television viewing. They held a pragmatic view of talk shows as avenues to reach a dual audience that included the mainstream public and members of their out-groups. Television disclosure is a tactic in a counterhegemonic struggle. Respondents utilized numerous impression management techniques in their efforts to manage their stigmatized status. Participants on "Donahue" risk co-optation, but running the gauntlet of criticism and ridicule allows an opportunity for delabeling rarely afforded to out-groups. 相似文献
14.
Blanchard Edward B.; Appelbaum Kenneth A.; Guarnieri Patricia; Neff Debra F.; Andrasik Frank; Jaccard James; Barron Kevin D. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1988,56(3):427
Tension and vascular headache patients, initially treated with biofeedback and/or relaxation training in either a minimal therapist contact protocol (3 visits) or an intensive individual protocol (10 or 16 visits) were followed-up prospectively for 2 years. In the first study, for the first 6 months of follow-up, half of all patients continued to keep headache diaries and were seen monthly and the other half had only minimal contact. The results at 1-year follow-up, based on 4 weeks of daily headache diaries, revealed equally good maintenance from both treatment protocols and from both follow-up conditions. In Study 2, we found that patients remained improved over pretreatment baseline levels at the 2-year follow-up regardless of initial treatment intensity. Approximately three quarters of vascular patients who were initially improved at posttreatment remained improved at 2 years. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
15.
Examined intake profiles of 54 depressed women survivors of child sexual abuse presenting for a specialized group therapy program at a community mental health center. The 32 therapy completers were compared with the 22 dropouts. Both groups possessed extensive and severe childhood and adult abuse histories. Both were extremely socially disadvantaged and clinically impaired as measured on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). Dropouts were more likely to have been battered as children and to have been sexually abused only within the family. Completers were more likely to have been multiply offended both by intrafamilial and extrafamilial perpetrators. The groups differed in terms of marital status and extent of economic dependence on spouse. Dropouts appeared to be more actively enmeshed in the abuse cycle at the time of therapy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
16.
Hughes Rosemary B.; Nosek Margaret A.; Howland Carol A.; Groff Janet Y.; Mullen Patricia Dolan 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,48(3):182
Objective: To pilot test a health promotion intervention for women with physical disabilities. Design: Pre- and postintervention questionnaires. Participants: Two groups of women with physical disabilities (n=15). Intervention: Seven-session weekly workshop intervention grounded primarily in social-cognitive theory. Setting: Disability and rehabilitation settings. Main Outcome Measures: Indicators of health status. Results: Statistically significant positive changes between pre- and postintervention scores on measures of self-efficacy for dietary behaviors, medical decision making, social interaction, physical functioning, impact of physical limitation on role activities, and vitality. Conclusion: Women with disabilities who participate in this health promotion intervention may exhibit improvements on indicators of health status. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
17.
This paper documents the first of the two interrelated studies that were conducted to more fundamentally understand the scalability of flame heat flux, the motivation being that it has been reported that flame heat flux back to the burning surface in bench‐scale experiments is not the same as for large‐scale fires. The key aspect was the use of real scale applied heat flux up to 200kW/m2 which is well beyond that typically considered in contemporary testing. The main conclusions are that decomposition kinetics needs to be included in the study of ignition and the energy balance for steady burning is too simplistic to represent the physics occurring. An unexpected non‐linear trend is observed in the typical plotting methods currently used in fire protection engineering for ignition and mass loss flux data for several materials tested and this non‐linearity is a true material response. Using measured temperature profiles in the condensed phase shows that viewing ignition as an inert material process is inaccurate at predicting the surface temperature at higher heat fluxes. The steady burning temperature profiles appear to be invariant with applied heat flux. This possible inaccuracy was investigated by obtaining the heat of gasification via the ‘typical technique’ using the mass loss flux data and comparing it to the commonly considered ‘fundamental’ value obtained from differential scanning calorimetry measurements. This comparison suggests that the ‘typical technique’ energy balance is too simplified to represent the physics occurring for any range of applied heat flux. Observed bubbling and melting phenomena provide a possible direction of study. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
Nutrient availability has long been considered one of the most important factors regulating production of benthic algae in oligotrophic rivers; yet, empirical relationships do not have as wide an application as similar models derived for lentic systems. The aim of this research was to derive empirical relationships between nutrient concentrations and benthic algal abundance and to identify commonalities with other studies to improve our understanding of constraints on algae in oligotrophic rivers. Surveys of physical, chemical and biological attributes of oligotrophic mountain rivers in spring, summer and autumn for 2 years confirmed that small amounts of anthropogenic phosphorus (0.1–5.6 µg/L total phosphorus (TP)) resulted in 4‐ to 30‐fold increases in abundance of benthic algae and benthic macroinvertebrates (BMIs). Algal accrual along a gradient in nutrient availability was not masked by grazing pressure but was positively correlated with abundance of scrapers. Epilithic abundance was highest downstream of anthropogenic nutrient sources in autumn. We concluded that benthic algal abundance in these mountain rivers was weakly correlated with phosphorus availability if light was not limiting but ultimately controlled by temperature and river discharge. Therefore, we recommend more direct measures of nutrient limitation be used to predict changes in ecological integrity at the lower end of the resource gradient. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
Until recently, behavioral researchers failed to examine categorical data based on multidimensional data in a unified whole because of the complex arithmetic such procedures entail. With the appearance of the loglinear model and user-friendly computer software, the problems associated with the analysis of multifaceted contingency tables no longer exist. In this article, we describe the loglinear model and apply it to categorical data cross-tabulated on four dimensions. We define contrasts similar to those of the analysis of variance and describe post hoc and planned comparison strategies. We illustrate hypothesis testing and model building for categorical data, and provide guidelines for performing an analysis on frequency data by using the loglinear model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
20.
With adolescents and their families, an important approach to use is a combination of psychodynamic underpinnings when evaluating the individual's inner world and a systemic component of looking at the interrelation between members of the family in a multigenerational manner. Differentiation of the individual and system is demonstrated through the use of individual and family sessions. Two clinical cases are presented to demonstrate this treatment approach. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献