3D Carbonaceous Current Collectors: The Origin of Enhanced Cycling Stability for High‐Sulfur‐Loading Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

The cycling stability of high‐sulfur‐loading lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries remains a great challenge owing to the exaggerated shuttle problem and interface instability. Despite enormous efforts on design of advanced electrodes and electrolytes, the stability issue raised from current collectors has been rarely concerned. This study demonstrates that rationally designing a 3D carbonaceous macroporous current collector is an efficient and effective “two‐in‐one” strategy to improve the cycling stability of high‐sulfur‐loading Li–S batteries, which is highly versatile to enable various composite cathodes with sulfur loading >3.7 mAh cm^?2. The best cycling performance can be achieved upon 950 cycles with a very low decay rate of 0.029%. Moreover, the origin of such a huge enhancement in cycling stability is ascribed to (1) the inhibition of electrochemical corrosion, which severely occurs on the typical Al foil and disables its long‐term sustainability for charge transfer, and (2) the passivation of cathode surface. The role of the chemical resistivity against corrosion and favorable macroscopic porous structure is highlighted for exploiting novel current collectors toward exceptional cycling stability of high‐sulfur‐loading Li–S batteries.     

Platinum‐Coated Hollow Graphene Nanocages as Cathode Used in Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries

One of the formidable challenges facing aprotic lithium‐oxygen (Li‐O₂) batteries is the high charge overpotential, which induces the formation of byproducts, loss in efficiency, and poor cycling performance. Herein, the synthesis of the ultrasmall Pt‐coated hollow graphene nanocages as cathode in Li‐O₂ batteries is reported. The charge voltage plateau can reduce to 3.2 V at the current density of 100 mA g^?1, even maintain below 3.5 V when the current density increased to 500 mA g^?1. The unique hollow graphene nanocages matrix can not only provide numerous nanoscale tri‐phase regions as active sites for efficient oxygen reduction, but also offer sufficient amount of mesoscale pores for rapid oxygen diffusion. Furthermore, with strong atomic‐level oxygen absorption into its subsurface, ultrasmall Pt catalytically serves as the nucleation site for Li₂O₂ growth. The Li₂O₂ is subsequently induced into a favorable form with small size and amorphous state, decomposed more easily during recharge. Meanwhile, the conductive hollow graphene substrate can enhance the catalytic activity of noble metal Pt catalysts due to the graphene‐metal interfacial interaction. Benefiting from the above synergistic effects between the hollow graphene nanocages and the nanosized Pt catalysts, the ultrasmall Pt‐decorated graphene nanocage cathode exhibits enhanced electrochemical performances.     

绿色医疗建筑的评价

作为医疗领域首个量化的可持续绿色设计工具,美国医疗建筑绿色指南在推动医疗领域绿色化的过程中取得了不俗的成绩。详细地介绍该指南的发展历程、组织结构及评价体系,以此推进我国医院绿色评价。     

电源滤波器在医用电气设备中的应用

本文通过分析电磁干扰的主要类型以及其在医用电气设备中的危害,着重讨论将电源滤波器应用于医用电气设备中,以解决医用电气设备的电磁干扰现象。     

Design of a Concentration Solar Thermoelectric Generator

Thermoelectric technology can be another direct way to convert solar radiation into electricity, using the Seebeck effect. Herein, a prototype concentration solar thermoelectric generator (CTG) and a discrete numerical model for the evaluation of the whole system are presented. The model takes into account the temperature dependence of the thermoelectric material properties by dividing the thermoelectric leg into finite elements and is proved to be more accurate for calculation of the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric modules when large temperature gradients occur in the CTG system. Based on the best available properties of various bulk thermoelectric materials reported in the literature, the best possible performance of the CTG system is predicted, and the CTG system design, including the selection of the concentration ratio and the cooling method for different thermoelectric materials, are discussed in detail.     

瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚在儿童淋巴管瘤穿刺治疗术中的临床应用

目的：观察比较芬太尼与瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚用于儿童淋巴管瘤穿刺治疗术的麻醉效果。方法：120例6月～3岁患儿随机分为F（芬太尼）组、R（瑞芬太尼）组,均复合丙泊酚麻醉。记录术中并发症发生情况及苏醒时间情况。结果：两组体动发生率、苏醒时间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚应用于儿童淋巴管瘤穿刺治疗术镇痛、镇静效果好、苏醒时间短。     

基于弱周期多通道信号正态重复率理论的CO_2弧焊监测

受到弧焊稳定性自动化监测需求的驱使和启发,创新性地提出了弱周期多通道信号正态重复率理论.该理论通过科学的数学推理,推导出描述周期间信号重复程度的特征值计算方程.为了克服实际采样时信号离散性带来的问题,突破性地把一个信号点细分为以正态分布散落在多维信号空间的无数微点,从而合理地计算方程中的重要参量——广义实面积,最终准确...     

某大型换热器传热的数值计算

介绍了以实际使用的间壁式耐火砖大型换热器为例,运用数值方法进行了换热器的传热计算。     

电热锅炉的市场前景和发展方向

根据我国的能源和环保政策,结合近几年来的生产实践,对国仙目前电热锅炉的市场前景进行了分析,并就电热锅炉的发展方向提出了自己的见解。