Distal 6p deletion syndrome: a report of a case with anterior chamber eye anomaly and review of published reports

We describe a 32 year old male with a distal 6p24.3-->pter deletion. He has specific developmental anomalies of the anterior chamber of the eye and a cleft uvula which is consistent with the recent localisation of genes for iris development and orofacial clefting to distal 6p. In addition he has progressive sensorineural deafness and this may localise a gene for deafness to this region. We conclude that a refined distal 6p deletion syndrome exists and includes a characteristic facial appearance with hypertelorism, downward slanting palpebral fissures, tented mouth, smooth philtrum, palatal malformation, ear anomalies, anterior chamber eye defects, progressive sensorineural deafness, cardiac defects, abdominal herniae, small external genitalia, and motor and speech delay.     

Global functioning of inpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and major depression

In April and May 1996, two cases of PDA ligation were performed firstly in Turkey by the method of video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in Dokuz Eylül Medical Faculty, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department. There was not any complication in these patients in the postoperative period and they were discharged on the second day in symptom-free condition by the detection of closed ductus in their echocardiographic examination. Between February 1993 and October 1996, a total of 46 patients have undergone interventional application by VATS. While in six of these patients the procedure could not be manipulated because of massive pleural fibrosis, there was no mortality or morbidity among the patients, and they were discharged on average on the second day. The ratio of complications, such as bleeding, air leak, arrhythmia and empyema are so low in these operations, and hospital stay, with return to work time are shorter than with the open technique.     

Sunlight photodepolymerization of transient polymers

The study and development of transient devices is an emerging field where the disposal of a device after use is desired to avoid reverse engineering and minimize the environmental impact. Polyaldehydes with phototriggers have been investigated because the radiation wavelength can be adjusted to meet the transient application. Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were used as the optical sensitizer for photoacid generators (PAGs). Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) with an iodonium-based PAG was used to expand the spectral sensitivity range. Anthracene, tetracene, and pentacene derivatives were synthesized with appended phenylethynyl groups to improve the solubility of the sensitizer and adjust the absorption wavelength. Sensitization of the iodonium-based PAG with the PAH derivatives was found to have thermodynamically favorable PET reactions for depolymerization of poly(propylene carbonate) and poly(phthalaldehyde) (PPHA). The Rehm–Weller equation and Stern–Volmer analysis were used to study the electron transfer and the fluorescence quenching rates of the PAHs with the iodonium salts, respectively. The photosensitivity, efficiency, and byproducts of the PET reactions in the decomposable polymer films are reported. A rapid photoreaction is reported for the depolymerization of PPHA exposed to a sunlight dose of <6 J cm⁻² (i.e., 1 min of direct sunlight) with a pentacene-based sensitizer. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47141.     

Development of Whole and Ground Seed Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Calibrations for Oil,Protein, Moisture,and Fatty Acids in Salvia hispanica

Chia (Salvia hispanica) is an ancient crop that has experienced an agricultural resurgence in recent decades owing to the high omega 3 fatty acid (ω-3) content of the seeds and good production potential. Analysis of 563 lots of chia grown in Kentucky and 10 lots from Arizona, Australia, Mexico, and Peru was performed. All of these lots were assessed for fatty acid, oil, and protein content, while a subset of 120 samples were assessed for amino acids, fiber, minerals, and trace elements. The mean oil content was 31.3%, ranging from 21.4% to 35.3%. The protein content averaged 22.8%, ranging from 18.2% to 28.2%, and the ω-3 FA α-linolenic acid (ALA) averaged 61.3%, ranging from 33.9% to 69.9%. Using these seed lots, nondestructive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations were developed for whole and ground seed oil, protein, moisture, and the six major fatty acids. The R² and SE of cross-validation (SECV) values for oil were 0.78 and 0.95, respectively, while those for protein were 0.75 and 1.05, respectively. The NIRS calibrations for fatty acid had R² and SECV greater than 0.6 and less than 10% of actual values for all major fatty acids, respectively. An R² of 0.99 was established for moisture content of whole seeds within the range of 3–10% moisture content. The precision and accuracy of these calibrations is adequate for use by breeders, growers, and food quality experts to quantitatively assess these major constituents without the need for costly and time-consuming chemical analysis.     

Nucleation of Perovskite Nanocrystals in a Levitating Liquid

Containerless liquid-phase processing methods were used to synthesize two glasses, both containing alumina (A), yttria (Y), and lanthana (L), and one containing ∼20 mole% silica (S) as well. In both materials, denoted AYL and AYLS, alumina is the dominant component (>50 mole%), and the lanthana:yttria ratio is ∼2:1. A variety of experimental techniques, e.g. X-ray diffraction, high-field ²⁷Al magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR), differential scanning calorimetry, and neutron diffraction, were used to analyze both the structure of the amorphous phases resulting from liquid-phase processing and subsequent thermal treatments, and the thermodynamic properties of the as-made and heat-treated materials. The results of the experiments on these glasses and liquids have elucidated the nature of the transitions occurring between the glass transition and crystalline regimes, and have enabled the synthesis of a novel class of alumina-based nanomaterials.     

Compressional behavior of inked open-cell foams

The mechanical behavior of various classes of inked and non-inked (dry) open-cell foam rollers has been investigated from stress/strain measurements in compression. Hysteresis, creep, and recovery in dynamic loading were used to differentiate the rollers as to their utility in printing applications. Creep, ?_c(t), and recovery, ?_r(t), were determined in a compression mode from force measurements and strain decay, ?(t), i.e., Δ?_c(t) = ?₀ – ?(t) [?₀ = ?(t = 0)] or ?_c(t) = 2?₀ – ?(t). The creep function, Δ?_c(t), represents the plastic strain, ?_pl(t = t_h), and is uniquely defined from the recovery function, Δ?_c(t) = ?_r(t = t_h), where t_h is the hold or contact time. The recovery results for a polyurethane ester (PUE) and acrylonitrile/butadiene (AB) rollers (dry/ink), poly(vinylidene fluoride) film (PVF₂) (air/vapor) and low-density polyethylene film (LDPE) (air/vapor) were found to fit a master curve of the form F_r(θ) = EXP[-K_r(t_h)θ] = [?_r(t) – ?_∞(t_h)]/[?₀(t = O) – ?_∞(t_h)] at a reduced time of K_r(t_h)θ {θ = t/t_h and K_r(t_h) = k′_r(t_h)t_h = C₀/(t_h)^α?1 (where C₀ depends on the material's “dry” or “wet” state, α is a function of the type of material, and ?_∞ is the permanent set). These empirical results are consistent with the observed decreases in print intensity during transfer to a paper substrate and weight changes of the roller, i.e., creep and recovery are important in the printing characteristics of a given roller material. Other factors of importance in the overall transfer and print quality, but of longer-term considerations, are diffusion processes within the polymer and the nature of the polymer (e.g., porosity, chemical constitution, surface and interfacial tensions).     

Protection of lyocell fibres against fibrillation; Mode of action of the cross-linking agent 2,4-dichloro-6-(β-sulphatoethylsulphonyl)anilino-s-triazine

2,4-Dichloro-6-(β-sulphatoethylsulphonyl)anilino- s -triazine is used as a cross-linking agent to improve the wet abrasion resistance of Lyocell fibres. The agent, which exhibits poor water solubility, is sold as an aqueous dispersion. During application to Lyocell in the presence of alkali, the agent enters a solution phase before reacting with the fibres. High pressure liquid chromatography analysis and solution studies support the view that the two electrophilic species taking part in the cross-linking reaction are vinylsulphone plus one of the chlorine atoms of the dichlorotriazine residue and that preliminary hydrolysis of one of the chlorine atoms is not the cause of the observed solubility changes.     

Catalyst surface at a fractal of cost—a quest for optimal catalyst loading

Intuition tells us that any decrease in the catalytically active surface area should result in an equivalent decrease in the reaction yield and efficiency. Our findings counter this by showing that the active surface and hence the catalyst loading can be reduced drastically in the diffusion-limited heterogeneous reaction systems, while the conversion rate remains essentially unchanged by using fractals for spatial distribution of the catalyst load. The results of this study provide an unusual circumstance for optimal design of chemically active surfaces and can be used to drastically reduce cost of heterogeneous chemical and biological reactors, sensors, and electrodes of fuel cells. The proposed approach can be exploited to its fullest extent in chemical microsystems by utilizing the latest advances in our abilities to manipulate matter on the micro/nano scale.