植物乳杆菌HCS03-001安全性评价及其益生特性分析

为了对植物乳杆菌HCS03-001(CGMCC No.16258)进行安全性评价以及益生特性的研究,通过溶血实验、耐药实验及急性经口毒性实验评价其安全性,通过对酸环境及胆盐环境的耐受性实验、抑菌功能特性实验及通便功效试验评价该菌株的益生特性.结果表明,植物乳杆菌HCS03-001在哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基上无透明圈形成,即...     

核桃油氧化及抗氧化调控研究进展

摘要：核桃油富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）和多种营养素,具有多种生物活性。核桃油的稳定性较差,易发生氧化酸败,为提高核桃油的品质,延长其货架期,综述了近年来有关核桃油氧化劣变的影响因素和核桃油抗氧化调控措施的研究进展。核桃油氧化劣变的影响因素有内部因素,如脂肪酸组成、内源性物质的抗氧化能力,也有外部因素,如储藏条件、提取工艺。可以采用微胶囊技术、复配调和其他抗氧化性强的油脂,以及添加抗氧化剂的方式延缓核桃油氧化酸败。     

脂肪酶替代双乙酰酒石酸单双甘油酯对压面面团流变学和面包烘焙特性的影响

将脂肪酶引入到面团体系中,与乳化剂双乙酰酒石酸单双甘油酯(DATEM)作对比,通过面包的比容和质构等评价指标,研究脂肪酶和乳化剂DATEM对面包烘焙品质的影响并进行比较分析。结果表明,相比于DATEM,添加脂肪酶可降低硬度和咀嚼性,提高抗老化特性,使面包芯组织柔软,并且感官评定得分提高。     

方氏云鳚水解液脱腥脱苦的研究

方氏云鳚全鱼水解液有较重的腥苦味,且颜色呈暗黄色。为解决这一问题,本研究采用单因素和正交试验,比较了粉末活性炭吸附、β-环糊精包埋和酵母粉发酵三种方法的脱腥脱苦效果。研究了添加量、温度、时间和pH对水解液脱腥脱苦效果的影响,并得出了最佳脱腥脱苦条件。最终确定了酵母粉与活性炭联合脱腥脱苦的方法:方氏云鳚水解液中添加2%的酵母粉,在40℃下发酵30min,然后加入0.5%的活性炭,在50℃、ph7.0条件下吸附30min,得到的水解液腥苦味基本脱除,感官评分为9,活性回收率94.84%。     

Effects of ripening on microstructure and texture of “Ameixa d’Elvas” candied plums

The plums used to produce a traditional candied product, “Ameixa d’Elvas”, were obtained from two orchards, Vila Viçosa (VV) and Cano (CA). These orchards were selected because the fruits were behaving differently: (1) The day of harvesting for candying, established by the total soluble solids and titratable acidity, was one week earlier in VV; (2) VV yielded candied plums with good texture properties whereas CA gave poor processed fruits. In order to understand the origin of these differences, fruits from both orchards were harvested on the day established as the harvesting day for VV (day 1) and for CA (day 8). Comparable texture properties were obtained in firmness, rigidity and deformation work between the VV fresh plums harvested on day 1 and the CA plums harvested on day 8 but these were lower in CA when the flesh was analysed separately, in accordance with the activities of pectin methyl esterase (PME), polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulase (Cel). The increase of the intercellular area of parenchyma cells and the decrease in cell area caused by boiling, which resulted in a pronounced loss of textural properties, were partially recovered after the immersion of the fruits in sucrose syrup. The CA plums harvested on day 8 had a more pronounced degradation with boiling and lower recovery of cell shape, size and textural characteristics than had those of VV harvested on day 1. Upon candying, similar properties were observed for the fruits harvested on the same day: good candied products were observed for VV and CA fruits harvested on day 1 and poor candied products were observed for VV and CA fruits harvested on day 8. This work shows that the characteristics of the flesh of the fresh fruits are key parameters in defining the textural properties of the candied plum. The establishment of the harvesting moment for candying should take into account the changes that occur in the flesh of the plums during ripening.     

冬小麦膨胀素基因EXPB7工程菌构建及纤维素水解作用分析

为了寻找促进纤维素降解的有效方法来提高纤维素酶的降解效率。本研究以东农冬麦1号膨胀素基因EXPB7为供体,构建黑曲霉表达载体,以黑曲霉CICC2462为受体,采用农杆菌介导法遗传转化黑曲霉,构建膨胀素基因黑曲霉工程菌pSZHGS-EXPB7,并对该工程菌发酵液的纤维素水解促进作用进行分析。结果表明,黑曲霉重组膨胀素蛋白在对滤纸处理2 d后崩解效果明显,与出发菌株的分泌蛋白相比,具有一定的促进作用;重组菌株发酵液上清处理滤纸产生的还原糖含量显著高于出发菌株(P<0.05),与仅用酶液处理滤纸相比,能够将纤维素酶的水解效率提高32.9%。     

体全息光栅偏移布拉格角读出时衍射角的测定

体全息光栅的读出偏离布拉格条件时,衍射光方向的确定是体光栅耦合波理论中的一个重要问题.前人(例如Kogelnik和Heaton)对此有两种不同的假设,基于这两种假设算出的衍射光方向有一定差别.我们设计实验,较精确地测量了透射式和反射式光栅在不同写入条件下衍射光方向随读出光角度变化的规律.实验结果表明,衍射光的方向并不是简单地符合某种假设,而是与两写入光的角度和光栅的倾斜度有很大关系.特别是对反射式全息图,光栅矢量的倾斜角越大,衍射光方向越接近于Kogelnik的假设.反之,衍射光方向越接近于Heaton等人的假设.     

人工砂粉煤灰混凝土的耐久性研究

研究了提高人工砂粉煤灰混凝土耐久性能的综合措施,阐述了利用人工砂材料的物理及化学特性,分析了技术经济性能比,说明了其可利用的价值.     

基于可见-近红外光谱技术的润滑油酸值无损检测方法研究

研究了基于可见-近红外光谱技术的润滑油酸值无损检测方法.获得了润滑油在475～975 nm范围内的可见-近红外光谱.采用最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)建立可见-近红外光谱检测模型,并通过将无信息变量消除算法(UVE)与连续投影算法(SPA)相结合进行光谱有效波长选取.通过UVE-SPA法进行变量选择计算,最终将原始...     

一种静止气象卫星云图动画的质量评估算法

静止气象卫星云图在天气预报和公众服务等领域发挥着非常重要的作用。气象卫星 处理系统是一个非常复杂的系统。卫星及地面系统的软硬件问题经常会使得分发云图的质量难以得到保证。 利用基于图像的欧氏距离算法提出了一种可对实时生产的静止卫星云图进行质量评估的方法,并且对其业务 可行性进行了讨论。通过与历史数据进行比对,该方法可以判识90 %以上的错误云图。