Potential of biohydrogen generation using the delignified lignocellulosic biomass by a newly identified thermostable laccase from Trichoderma asperellum strain BPLMBT1

Delignification of plant-based biomass is one of the most important steps to determine the commercial success of bioavailability, and enzymatic delignification mediated via laccases could significantly improve the yield in an eco-friendly and precise manner. In this study, an extracellular laccase is newly identified and characterized from Trichoderma asperellum strain BPLMBT1. The purified laccase with specific activity of 51.0 U/mg, possesses a molecular mass of 65.0 kDa with absorbance peaks of 610–630 and 330 nm in the UV–Vis spectrum indicating the presence of the inclusive types I and III copper catalytic centers. The wide thermal and pH stability of this laccase, with optimal temperature of 80 °C and 3.0, are demonstrated by biochemical characterization and kinetics determination. In addition, the delignification of sweet sorghum stover biomass by the purified laccase resulting in an optimal lignin removal of 76.93% reveals its potential of utilizing delignified biomass for biohydrogen production 402.01 mL of biohydrogen was achieved after 84 h of anaerobic fermentation, which is 3.26-fold higher than the control without enzymatic pretreatment. The overall outcomes demonstrate an efficient way to utilize the thermostable laccase for biofuels conversion from lignocellulosic biomass.     

DravidianCodeMix: sentiment analysis and offensive language identification dataset for Dravidian languages in code-mixed text

Language Resources and Evaluation - This paper describes the development of a multilingual, manually annotated dataset for three under-resourced Dravidian languages generated from social media...     

Design of a novel compact modified‐circular printed antenna for high data rate wireless sensor networks

This paper presents a novel compact circular patch Ultrawideband (UWB) antenna for sensor node applications. The microstrip‐fed low‐profile antenna comprises an elliptical ring slot, two crescent‐shaped slots and two dumbbell‐shaped slots in feedline. The antenna miniaturization is achieved by a novel combination of an elliptical ring slot, two crescent‐shaped slots in circular patch. The proposed prototype has been fabricated on inexpensive FR4 substrate and the relative permittivity is (ε_r = 4.3) with 1.6 mm thickness. The overall size of the proposed miniaturized antenna is about (0.1 λ_r × 0.15 λ_r), where λ_r is the resonating wavelength of the lowest UWB frequency (ie, 3.1 GHz). The measured radiation performances of the proposed antenna are nearly an omnidirectional pattern in H‐plane and bidirectional pattern in E‐plane for all the frequencies in the whole UWB band. The development process of the antenna, radiation properties and group delay is completely analyzed and discussed.     

Structural,optical, electrical properties of new hybrid organic–inorganic NLO single crystal: bis(1H-benzotriazole) hexaaqua-zinc bis(sulfate) tetrahydrate (BZS)

A new hybrid organic–inorganic nonlinear (NLO) single crystal, Bis(1H-benzotriazole) hexaaqua-zinc bis(sulfate) tetrahydrate (BZS), has been successfully synthesized and the single crystals were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique (SESG) using Millipore water as a solvent. The structure of the BZS crystal was solved and refined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and demonstrates that the grown crystals belong to a triclinic system with the space group P-1. The asymmetric part of the titled compound contains isolated organic cation (C₆H₆N₃)₂, metallic cation [Zn(H₂O)₆]²⁺, sulfate anion (SO₄)^2? and free H₂O molecules. The interplay between the wide number of intermolecular interaction such as O–H···O, N–H···O, C–H···O and π–π stacking interactions were discussed. The optical transmittance spectrum shows that the crystal is excellent transmittance in the entire Vis–NIR region with the cutoff wavelength at 345 nm. The presences of expected functional groups were identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The dielectric measurements were carried out at different temperature in the frequency range 100 Hz–5MHz. Furthermore, the studies of its third-order NLO properties using a Z-scan technique demonstrate that the BZS crystal possesses a strong reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and the self-focusing (SF) nature with large second order hyperpolarizability (γ?=?6.24?×?10^?34 esu). All the results indicate that BZS crystal might be the potential candidate for the third-order NLO applications.     

Development of automatic glioma brain tumor detection system using deep convolutional neural networks

We have developed six convolutional neural network (CNN) models for finding optimal brain tumor detection system on high-grade glioma and low-grade glioma lesions from voluminous magnetic resonance imaging human brain scans. Glioma is the most common form of brain tumor. The models are constructed based on the different combinations and settings of hyperparameters with conventional CNN architecture. The six models are two layers with five epochs, five layers with dropout, five layers with stopping criteria (FLSC), FLSC and dropout (FLSCD), FLSC and batch normalization (FLSCBN), and FLSCBN and dropout. The models were trained and tested with BraTS2013 and whole brain atlas data sets. Among them, FLSCBN model yielded the best classification results for brain tumor detection. Experimental results revealed that our deep learning approach was better than the conventional state-of-art methods.     

Surfactant-dependant self organisation of nickel pyrophosphate for electrochemical supercapacitors

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - In quest of potential electrode material with high redox sites, better wettability, rapid ionic channels and high rate capability here we...     

Interdependency Analysis of Inter-Site-Distance on Configuration of Handover Control Parameter in LTE-A HetNets

Wireless Personal Communications - Handover (HO) is the procedure performed to maintain the ongoing session of mobile User Equipment (UE). In Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) network, the...     

Near-infrared optical spectroscopy for pancreas shrinkage estimation with multi synchrosqueezing transform and multivariate regression model

In this article, we proposed a method to estimate pancreas shrinkage with pancreas β cell insulin secretion. The β cells in the pancreas secrete insulin and digestive enzymes after food consumption. Conventionally, the pancreas structure estimation is done with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound imaging techniques. However, the structure of the pancreas changes due to islet cell death. The presence of islet cells is detected through near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy signal acquired from the epigastric region (pancreas) of the abdomen. Subsequently, the NIR spectroscopy signal from the pancreas is analyzed with multi synchrosqueezing transform (MSST); whereas, the β cell insulin secretion varies for diabetic and nondiabetic persons. The existence of β cell and insulin secretion correlates with Root Mean Square (RMS) and kurtosis via a multivariate regression model to evaluate pancreas shrinkage. In terms of numerical results, NIR spectroscopy signal from the pancreas was obtained for about 20 nondiabetic and 20 diabetic persons. The pancreas shrinkage was estimated with 88% accuracy. The results are validated with MRI pancreas images for earlier detection of the apoptotic pancreas. The pancreas shrinkage causes lower insulin emission and unpredictable blood glucose in diabetic patients. Analysis of NIR spectroscopy signals of the pancreas with MSST was done to obtain higher-order and lower-order frequency components.