All‐Fiber Structured Electronic Skin with High Elasticity and Breathability

With the rapid advancement in artificial intelligence, wearable electronic skins have attracted substantial attention. However, the fabrication of such devices with high elasticity and breathability is still a challenge and highly desired. Here, a route to develop an all‐fiber structured electronic skin with a scalable electrospinning fabrication technique is reported. The fabricated electronic skin is demonstrated to exhibit high pressure sensing with a sensitivity of 0.18 V kPa^?1 in the detection range of 0–175 kPa. This wearable device could maintain prominent sensing performance and mechanical stability in the presence of large deformation, even when the elastic deformation is up to 50%. The electronic skin is easily conformable on different desired objects for real‐time spatial mapping and long‐term tactile sensing. Besides, it possesses high gas permeability with a water vapor transmittance rate of 10.26 kg m^?2 d^?1. More importantly, the electronic skin is capable of working in a self‐powered manner and even serves as a reliable power source to effectively drive small electronics. Possessing several compelling features, such as high sensitivity, high elasticity, high breathability as well as being self‐powered and scalable in fabrication, the presented device paves a pathway for smart electronic skins.     

Synergistic Coassembly of Highly Wettable and Uniform Hole‐Extraction Monolayers for Scaling‐up Perovskite Solar Cells

All organic charge‐transporting layer (CTL)‐featured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit distinct advantages, but their scaling‐up remains a great challenge because the organic CTLs underneath the perovskite are too thin to achieve large‐area homogeneous layers by spin‐coating, and their hydrophobic nature further hinders the solution‐based fabrication of perovskite layer. Here, an unprecedented anchoring‐based coassembly (ACA) strategy is reported that involves a synergistic coadsorption of a hydrophilic ammonium salt CA‐Br with hole‐transporting triphenylamine derivatives to acquire scalable and wettable organic hole‐extraction monolayers for p–i–n structured PSCs. The ACA route not only enables ultrathin organic CTLs with high uniformity but also eliminates the nonwetting problem to facilitate large‐area perovskite films with 100% coverage. Moreover, incorporation of CA‐Br in the ACA strategy can distinctly guarantee a high quality of electronic connection via the cations' vacancy passivation. Consequently, a high power‐conversion‐efficiency (PCE) of 17.49% is achieved for p–i–n structured PSCs (1.02 cm²), and a module with an aperture area of 36 cm² shows PCE of 12.67%, one of the best scaling‐up results among all‐organic CTL‐based PSCs. This work demonstrates that the ACA strategy can be a promising route to large‐area uniform interfacial layers as well as scaling‐up of perovskite solar cells.     

2D/2D 1T‐MoS2/Ti3C2 MXene Heterostructure with Excellent Supercapacitor Performance

2D/2D heterostructures can combine the collective advantages of each 2D material and even show improved properties from synergistic effects. 2D Transition metal carbide Ti₃C₂ MXene and 2D 1T‐MoS₂ have emerged as attractive prototypes in electrochemistry due to their rich properties. Construction of these two 2D materials, as well as investigation about synergistic effects, is absent due to the instability of 1T‐MoS₂. Here, 3D interconnected networks of 1T‐MoS₂/Ti₃C₂ MXene heterostructure are constructed by magneto‐hydrothermal synthesis, and the electrochemical storage mechanisms are investigated. Improved extra capacitance is observed due to enlarged ion storage space from a synergistically interplayed effect in 3D interconnected networks. Outstanding rate performance is realized because of ultrafast electron transport originating from Ti₃C₂ MXene. This work provides an archetype to realize excellent electrochemical properties in 2D/2D heterostructures.     

Unprecedented Improvement of Single Li‐Ion Conductive Solid Polymer Electrolyte Through Salt Additive

Solid‐state lithium metal (Li°) batteries (SSLMBs) are believed to be the most promising technologies to tackle the safety concerns and the insufficient energy density encountered in conventional Li‐ion batteries. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) inherently own good processability and flexibility, enabling large‐scale preparation of SSLMBs. To minimize the growth of Li° dendrites and cell polarization in SPE‐based SSLMBs, an additive‐containing single Li‐ion conductive SPE is reported. The characterization results show that a small dose of electrolyte additive (2 wt%) substantially increases the ionic conductivity of single Li‐ion conductive SPEs as well as the interfacial compatibility between electrode and SPE, allowing the cycling of SPE‐based cells with good electrochemical performance. This work may provide a paradigm shift on the design of highly cationic conductive electrolytes, which are essential for developing safe and high‐performance rechargeable batteries.     

Gaining Insight into the Effect of Organic Interface Layer on Suppressing Ion Migration Induced Interfacial Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cells

Ion migration induced interfacial degradation is a detrimental factor for the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and hence requires special attention to address this issue for the development of efficient PSCs with improved stability. Here, an “S‐shaped, hook‐like” organic small molecule, naphthalene diimide derivative (NDI‐BN), is employed as a cathode interface layer (CIL) to tailor the [6,6]‐phenylC61‐butyric acid methylester (PCBM)/Ag interface in inverted PSCs. By realizing enhanced electron extraction capability via the incorporation of NDI‐BN, a peak power conversion efficiency of 21.32% is achieved. Capacitance–voltage measurements and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed an obvious role of this new organic CIL in successfully blocking ionic diffusion pathways toward the Ag cathode, thereby preventing interfacial degradation and improving device stability. The molecular packing motif of NDI‐BN further unveils its densely packed structure with π–π stacking force which has the ability to effectually hinder ion migration. Furthermore, theoretical calculations reveal that intercalation of decomposed perovskite species into the NDI clusters is considerably more difficult compared with the PCBM counterparts. This substantial contrast between NDI‐BN and PCBM molecules in terms of their structures and packing fashion determines the different tendencies of ion migration and unveils the superior potential of NDI‐BN in curtailing interfacial degradation.     

Domain Engineering in ReS2 by Coupling Strain during Electrochemical Exfoliation

Chemical exfoliation has been used for the fast and large‐scale production of 2D nanosheets from graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides; however, it is rarely used for domain engineering of exfoliated nanosheets. Herein, it is found that the use of large sized molecular intercalants during electrochemical intercalation induce atomic row dislocation and parallel mirror twin boundaries (MTBs) on an otherwise pristine rhenium disulfide (ReS₂) crystal, such that the exfoliated flakes possess a parallel, multi‐domain structure. These domains can be distinguished under a polarized microscope owing to the intrinsic in‐plane optical dichroic properties of ReS₂, thereby affording a way to track the number of domains introduced versus the size of the molecular intercalant during electrochemical exfoliation. Ferromagnetism is detected on the intercalated sample using large sized molecular intercalants. Density function theory suggests that these may be due to the coupled effects of lattice strain and S vacancies in the MTBs.     

多通道声光调制器的研制

介绍了多通道声光调制器的基本工作原理。设计并制作了中心频率为 80 MHz,带宽为 10MHz的 LN/ ZF- 6四通道线性声光调制器 ,对这类器件的制作工艺进行了分析和研究。实验测得器件的指标为 :中心频率 75MHz,衍射效率大于 10 % (1.5W输入功率 ) ,带宽 15MHz,已经达到实用要求。     

MPLS的框架及其关键技术

ＭＰＬＳ（Ｍｕｌｔｉｐｒｏｔｏｃｏｌ ａｂｅｌ Ｓｗｉｔｃｈｉｎｇ：多协议标记交换）还是一项非常不成熟的技术,它目前正在由ＩＥＴＦ进行标准化。对ＭＰＬＳ的工过程进行了回顾,然后介绍了ＭＰＬＳ的体系结构,最后论述了ＭＰＬＳ目前急需解决的一些关键技术。     

专家系统在航空火力控制系统故障诊断中的应用

对航空火力控制系统故障诊断的要求提出了火控故障诊断专家系统的设想 ,较详细地论述了航空火力控制系统故障诊断专家系统的设计思想和实现技术。     

基于超混沌系统和密文交错扩散的图像加密新算法

该文提出一种基于超混沌系统优化序列并结合密文交错扩散的并行图像加密策略。首先,对超混沌序列进行改造使得改进序列更适合图像加密;然后,利用改进的混沌序列产生与明文相关的最终密钥序列,使得算法对明文敏感。图像被分成两个子块,以并行方式对子块进行两轮像素加密,并引入密文交错扩散技术。对密钥空间和执行效率、像素分布特性、相关系数、抗差分攻击能力以及密钥敏感性进行了测试和分析,证明了方案的安全性和执行效率。结果表明,该算法安全高效,在图像保密通信中具有较大的应用潜力。