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81.
Gabriele Carra Forte Daniela Terezinha Richter da Silva Maria Luiza Hennemann Roberta Aquiar Sarmento Jussara Carnevale Almeida Paulo de Tarso Roth Dalcin 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2018,58(11):1878-1887
Introduction: Obesity in asthmatic patients has important relationships with asthma control, pulmonary function, and quality of life. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on the effect of diet on asthma management in adults. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (January 1948–October 2014) for randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of diet in adults with asthma. Results: Of 12,215 studies identified, 21 were included. A reduction in weight of at least 7.5% from baseline as a result of caloric restriction can be beneficial for improving disease control, quality of life, and pulmonary function in obese patients with asthma. A dietary pattern rich in foods with potential antioxidant effect had an impact in improving asthma control, but with little clinical significance. Studies involving antioxidant supplementation showed improvements in asthma control with magnesium supplementation and less decline in lung function with vitamin C supplementation. Studies of fatty acid supplementation demonstrated effects on weight loss and improvement of asthma control and lung function. Studies of supplementation with propolis and caffeine reported significant increases in FEV1. Conversely, studies of high dietary salt intake reported greater declines in lung function. Conclusions: The evidence shows that, for obese adults with asthma, the best dietary intervention seems to be caloric restriction, regardless of specific dietary components. 相似文献
82.
Roberta Roesler Luciana G. Malta Luciana C. Carrasco Gláucia Pastore 《Journal of food science》2006,71(2):C102-C107
Annona crassiflora, known commonly as araticum, is an exotic tropical fruit consumed mainly by native people of the Brazilian Cerrado (2nd biggest biome of Brazil). In this study, pulp, seed, and peel of slight ripe and overripe fruits were extracted using ethanol and water. The extracts showed high content of total phenols and were screening for their potential as antioxidants using the in vitro model 1,1‐ dipheniyl‐2‐picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The ethanol extracts of peel and seeds showed IC50 of 48.82 μg/mL and 31.14 μg/mL, respectively, for the slightly ripe fruits. As the ethanolic fractions of araticum showed the highest antioxidant activity, they were selected for testing of its effect on lipid peroxidation. The ethanolic extracts of slightly ripe fruits showed IC50 of 4.44 μg/mL, 1.72 μg/mL, and 8.62 μg/mL for the peel, seed, and pulp, respectively. This is the 1st report on the antioxidant properties of the extracts of araticum. Owing to these properties, the studies can be further extending to exploit them for their possible application as natural antioxidant for cosmetic, supplements, and functional ingredients for food products. 相似文献
83.
Recovery of platinum, tin and indium from spent catalysts in chloride medium using strong basic anion exchange resins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This work describes a route for platinum recovery from spent commercial Pt and PtSnIn/Al2O3 catalysts using strong basic mesoporous and macroporous anion exchange resins (Cl− form). The catalysts were leached with aqua regia (75 °C, 20-25 min). Platinum adsorption was influenced by the presence of other metals which form chlorocomplexes (tin, indium) and also base metals (aluminum). However, it was possible to overcome this fact by a sequential desorption procedure. Aluminum was selectively removed from the resins by elution with 3 mol L−1 HCl. Platinum was desorbed passing 1 mol L−1 Na2S2O3 (pH 9). Tin was removed by elution with 0.1 mol L−1 ascorbic acid. Indium was removed using 0.1 mol L−1 EDTA as eluent. Desorption efficiency exceeded 99% for all metals. Metals were recovered in high yields (>98 wt%). 相似文献
84.
Roberta Di Monte Paolo Fornasiero Jan Ka
par Paolo Rumori Giuseppe Gubitosa Mauro Graziani 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2000,24(3-4):157-167
Pd-loaded Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 solid solutions supported on Al2O3 are investigated as catalysts for the reduction of NO by CO. The attention is focused on the role of the Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 and of the Pd dispersion on the catalytic activity. The system shows a very high activity below 500 K, which is almost independent on the Pd dispersion. The high activity is attributed to a promoting effect of the Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 on the NO conversion. Investigation of the influence of high temperature treatments disclosed a thermal stabilisation of both Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 and Al2O3 in the Ce0.6Zr0.4O2/Al2O3 system. 相似文献
85.
Massimo D'Archivio Carmela Santangelo Beatrice Scazzocchio Rosaria Var�� Carmela Filesi Roberta Masella Claudio Giovannini 《International journal of molecular sciences》2008,9(3):213-228
Polyphenols, occurring in fruit and vegetables, wine, tea, extra virgin olive oil, chocolate and other cocoa products, have been demonstrated to have clear antioxidant properties in vitro, and many of their biological actions have been attributed to their intrinsic reducing capabilities. However, it has become clear that, in complex biological systems, polyphenols exhibit several additional properties which are yet poorly understood. Apoptosis is a genetically controlled and evolutionarily conserved form of cell death of critical importance for the normal embryonic development and for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the adult organism. The malfunction of the death machinery may play a primary role in various pathological processes, since too little or too much apoptosis can lead to proliferative or degenerative diseases, respectively. Cancer cells are characterized by a deregulated proliferation, and/or an inability to undergo programmed cell death. A large body of evidence indicates that polyphenols can exert chemopreventive effects towards different organ specific cancers, affecting the overall process of carcinogenesis by several mechanisms: inhibition of DNA synthesis, modulation of ROS production, regulation of cell cycle arrest, modulation of survival/proliferation pathways. In addition, polyphenols can directly influence different points of the apoptotic process, and/or the expression of regulatory proteins. Although the bulk of data has been obtained in in vitro systems, a number of clinical studies suggesting a preventive and therapeutic effectiveness of polyphenols in vivo is available. However, a deeper knowledge of the underlying mechanisms responsible for the modulation of apoptosis by polyphenols, and their real effectiveness, is necessary in order to propose them as potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic candidates for cancer treatment. 相似文献
86.
Mario Gleria Roberta Bertani Roger De Jaeger 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers》2004,14(1):1-28
A general survey of fluorinated phosphazene polymers starting from their synthesis in 1965 to recent times is presented. Various types of fluorinated phosphazenes are described depending on the way fluorine atoms are connected to the polyphosphazene skeleton. The characterization, properties and practical utilization of these compounds in different domains are critically discussed. 相似文献
87.
Object
The objective of this study is to propose a modified VARiable PROjection (VARPRO) algorithm specifically tailored for fitting the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) data from locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).Materials and methods
The proposed algorithm is compared with classical non-linear least squares (NLLS) analysis using the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm and with two recently proposed algorithms for ‘segmented’ analysis. These latter two comprise two consecutive steps: first, a subset of parameters is estimated using a portion of data; second, the remaining parameters are estimated using the whole data and the previous estimates. The comparison between the algorithms was based on the \(R^2\) goodness-of-fit measure: performance analysis was carried out on real data obtained by DW-MRI on 40 LARC patients.Results
The performance of the proposed algorithm was higher than that of LM in 64 % of cases; ‘segmented’ methods were poorer than our algorithm in 100 % of cases.Conclusion
The proposed modified VARPRO algorithm can lead to better fit of the IVIM model to LARC DW-MRI data compared to other techniques.88.
Roberta Bomparola Alessandro Lavacchi Ugo Bardi 《Surface & coatings technology》2007,201(24):9485-9490
The influence of temperature on the kinetics and the morphology of silver deposits obtained from an air and water-stable ionic liquid (the 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate) was studied by means of cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The nucleation and growth mechanisms have been investigated and the effect of temperature evaluated up to 200 °C. Dense, pure and very thin (about 0.3 μm) silver coatings, with decorative properties, have been obtained on commercial copper electrodes at different temperatures. The characterization of the deposits morphology has been performed by visual investigation and SEM microscopy. Data about thickness were acquired by Calotest® measurements. The deposits result constituted by pure silver as determined by combination of EDX microanalysis and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). The deposition method promises to be a new, environmentally friendly, method for silver electrodeposition which is the reason for the absence of cyanide and volatile toxic solvents in the electroplating bath. 相似文献
89.
Previous research, by R. M. Golinkoff and R. R. Rosinski (1976), used a picture-word interference task to show that skilled and less skilled comprehenders in the 3rd and 5th grades could retrieve the meaning of primer-level words equally well. With a similar task and comparable groups of children ( N = 64), the present study assessed the relationship between word difficulty and semantic access by using both the easy words and a new set of more difficult words. Retrieval of the meaning of these difficult words was least apparent for the less skilled 3rd graders, the group that had the most difficulty decoding these words. Results indicate that decoding ease and extraction of word meanings are related and also suggest that decoding ability must be considered a factor in reading comprehension. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
90.
Federico Bianchi Roberta Tolve Giada Rainero Matteo Bordiga Charles S. Brennan Barbara Simonato 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2021,56(9):4356-4366
Reducing food waste is a priority to move towards more sustainable food systems. Since agro-food by-products are often rich in healthy compounds, such as fibre, phytochemicals, protein, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals, the waste valorisation could move through their transformation into ingredients useful for the formulation of functional foods. Pasta is a staple food widely consumed all over the world representing an optimal carrier for nutrients delivery. The incorporation of ingredients of a high added value obtained by agro-industrial by-products in pasta can improve its nutritional value and provides several health benefits. At the same time, the inclusion of new ingredients could modify the physical, chemical and textural properties determining the change of the organoleptic characteristics of fortified pasta, affecting its acceptability. Thus, the preparation of new pasta formulations with high nutritional properties, good technological and sensory characteristics represents a challenge for the food industry. 相似文献