Nanodiamonds for In Vivo Applications

Due to their unique optical properties, diamonds are the most valued gemstones. However, beyond the sparkle, diamonds have a number of unique properties. Their extreme hardness gives them outstanding performance as abrasives and cutting tools. Similar to many materials, their nanometer‐sized form has yet other unique properties. Nanodiamonds are very inert but still can be functionalized on the surface. Additionally, they can be made in very small sizes and a narrow size distribution. Nanodiamonds can also host very stable fluorescent defects. Since they are protected in the crystal lattice, they never bleach. These defects can also be utilized for nanoscale sensing since they change their optical properties, for example, based on temperature or magnetic fields in their surroundings. In this Review, in vivo applications are focused upon. To this end, how different diamond materials are made and how this affects their properties are discussed first. Next, in vivo biocompatibility studies are reviewed. Finally, the reader is introduced to in vivo applications of diamonds. These include drug delivery, aiding radiology, labeling, and use in cosmetics. The field is critically reviewed and a perspective on future developments is provided.     

让邻里关系更和谐四招解决Windows7网络共享故障

Windows操作系统之间的互访共享一直是老大难问题．例如“网上邻居”无法打开．访问文件无权限等。很不幸的是,直到现在的Windows7时代,这些问题仍然大量存在。本文将提供四种方法．能解决大部分Windows7与WindowsXP之间的网络共享故障,大家不妨一试。     

摄影新时尚 节过啦,自己制作GPS照片吧！

圣诞,元旦两大节日即将来临,大家自然要出门游玩一番。拍照留念也是必不可少的。在摄影爱好者中,现在最流行的是拍摄GPS照片,也就是在照片的Exif信息中保存GPS地理位置信息,并上传到网络地图。一方面可以让朋友欣赏自己的照片时,了解照片的拍摄地点;另一方面可以让网友在搜索地图时,看到你拍摄的照片;第三,长久下去这些照片也可以反映一地的变迁,成为宝贵的历史记录资料。因此,拍摄GPS照片是一件既有趣、又利人利己的事儿,何乐而不为呢。     

用AI NAP让电脑边睡边工作

我不久前购置新机,使用了华硕AI系列的P5E3Deluxe／WiFi—AP主板。该主板集成了无线网卡,具有软件AP功能,主板说明书上介绍说无线网卡还能在睡眠模式下继续工作,把电脑仅当作无线AP来使用。可笔者让电脑睡眠后,Wi—Fi无线网络马上就断开了。经过一番咨询和摸索,原来此睡眠非彼睡眠,这是AI系列主板独有的AINAP休眠模式。     

解决AHCI故障两则

AHCI全称Serial ATA Advanced Host Controller Interface（串行ATA高级主控接口）,它允许存储驱动程序启用高级串行A11A功能,如NCQ（本机命令队列）和热插拔等。一般来说,要使用AHCI,必须先在CMOS中开启AHCI选项,然后再安装操作系统并加载相应的驱动程序。成功启用AHCI之后,系统磁盘眭能大约会提升5％-15％左右。不过,启用AHCI之后的问题也很多,     

不可忽视的EPP内存使用限制

故障现象：笔者最近购买了4根支持EPP2.0的DDR3 2000内存,但发现同时插入这4根内存时,实际运行频率低于2000MHz,只有在插入两根内存时才能运行在2000MHz频率下,这是什么原因呢？     

Hierarchical data replication strategy to improve performance in cloud computing

Cloud computing environment is getting more interesting as a new trend of data management. Data replication has been widely applied to improve data access in distributed systems such as Grid and Cloud. However, due to the finite storage capacity of each site, copies that are useful for future jobs can be wastefully deleted and replaced with less valuable ones. Therefore, it is considerable to have appropriate replication strategy that can dynamically store the replicas while satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements and storage capacity constraints. In this paper, we present a dynamic replication algorithm, named hierarchical data replication strategy (HDRS). HDRS consists of the replica creation that can adaptively increase replicas based on exponential growth or decay rate, the replica placement according to the access load and labeling technique, and finally the replica replacement based on the value of file in the future. We evaluate different dynamic data replication methods using CloudSim simulation. Experiments demonstrate that HDRS can reduce response time and bandwidth usage compared with other algorithms. It means that the HDRS can determine a popular file and replicates it to the best site. This method avoids useless replications and decreases access latency by balancing the load of sites.     

Toward mechanistic understanding the effect of aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes upon different properties of polyurethane/carbon nanotube nanocomposite foam

This study investigated the carbon nanotube's aspect ratio's influence on the nanocomposite foams' cellular structure and mechanical, acoustic absorption characteristics. The free-rising foaming process has been used for producing different flexible polyurethane (PU) foams embedded with other multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT's). Dynamic mechanical and thermal analysis, flow resistivity, and compressive mechanical measurements were achieved on the prepared samples. The acoustic absorption coefficient in a wide range of frequencies was estimated for the prepared PU/CNT foamed nanocomposite samples. Results indicated that by increasing the aspect ratio of MWCNT, the absorption coefficient's peak shifts toward the lower frequencies and improved sound absorption characteristics of PU foam in the low-frequency region. Moreover, the Young modulus of nanocomposite samples increases by increasing the aspect ratio of MWCNT's, whereas the stored strain energy or area under the stress–strain curve increases. Based on the obtained results, it is observed that the acoustic absorption coefficient of produced nanocomposite foams at the frequency of 800 Hz has been reported to have a 70% improvement in 2 cm samples and a 40% improvement in 3 cm samples compared to obtained results from pure PU foam.     

Ternary Pt@TiO2/rGO Nanocomposite to Boost Photocatalytic Activity for Environmental and Energy Use

This work explores the effect of ternary nanostructure for the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and dyes. One-pot solvothermal-assisted approach was used for producing nanosized Pt@TiO₂ hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) decorated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers. The microstructure, morphology, chemical composition, and optical absorption of the designed photocatalyst was successfully characterized (using XRD, TEM, Raman, UV–visible absorption spectra, and XPS techniques). The ternary Pt@TiO₂-rGO photocatalyst consist of monodisperse quasi-spherical Pt@TiO₂ NPs with an average size of 11 nm deposited on the rGO nanosheets. Furthermore, Pt@TiO₂-rGO was further investigated for the photodegradation of pesticide and dyes under UV and visible light. The ternary Pt@TiO₂-rGO photocatalyst proved a significant improvement on the photodecomposition of pollutants compared to hybrid Pt@TiO₂. The Pt@TiO₂-rGO photocatalyst was found to show seven- and threefold increase in the photocatalytic activity compared to TiO₂ and Pt@TiO₂ NPs, respectively which resulted from the high surface area of rGO and as well as the strong Pt/TiO₂/rGO interactions which ensured excellent properties of charge separation. On the other hand, the ternary photocatalyst exhibited very good recycle and reuse capacity up to five cycles.